Wk. 10 Lab/senses

Front 1

how many layers in the eye?

Back 1

Three: sclera, choroid, and retina

Front 2

Sclera

Back 2

white part of the eye

Front 3

Cornea

Back 3

transparent portion of the sclera

Front 4

Iris

Back 4

colored portion of the eye containing muscles

Front 5

Pupil

Back 5

opening at the center of the iris

Front 6

Aqueous Humor

Back 6

watery fluid that fills the anterior cavity of the eye

Front 7

Lense

Back 7

clear or opaque oval structure

Front 8

Choroid

Back 8

middle layer of tissue

Front 9

Vitreous humor

Back 9

gel like substance behind lens that helps to maintain theshape of the eye

Front 10

Retina

Back 10

– photosensitive layer that contains specialized nerve cells called rods andcones

Front 11

Rods

Back 11

visual receptors sensitive to low intensity light that discriminate betweenshades of light and dark, and function in the perception of shapes and movement.

Front 12

Cones

Back 12

visual receptors specialized for color perception and visual acuity(sharpness of vision)

Front 13

Fovea centralis

Back 13

area of sharpest vision in center of retina which contains thehighest concentration of cones

Front 14

Optic Disc (blind spot)

Back 14

area where the optic nerve leaves the eye (has novisual receptors)

Front 15

Lacrimal glands

Back 15

produce tears

Front 16

Conjunctiva

Back 16

covering over the sclera and inner surface of the eyelids

Front 17

Astigmatism

Back 17

irregular curvature of the eyeball

Front 18

Cataracts

Back 18

opaque regions in the lens

Front 19

Emmetropia

Back 19

Normal vision

Front 20

myopia

Back 20

nearsightedness

Front 21

Hypermetropia

Back 21

Farsightedness

Front 22

Presbyopia

Back 22

(Gk. presbus, old man; -opia, visual condition). Loss of the ability of thelens to focus closely. Caused by a loss of flexibility of the lens, which occurs aroundage 40 to every person. There is no prevention.

Front 23

color blindness

Back 23

– sex linked inherited condition occurring primarily in males

Front 24

Conjunctivitis

Back 24

inflammation of the conjunctiva (commonly called pink eye)

Front 25

Glaucoma

Back 25

increase in pressure due to an overproduction of aqueous humor or ablockage of the scleral venous sinus

Front 26

What are the three regions of the ear?

Back 26

the outer, middle and inner ear

Front 27

Pinna (auricle)

Back 27

outer portion of ear (pinnae pl.)

Front 28

External Auditory Meatus

Back 28

canal that runs from pinna to the tympanic Membrane

Front 29

Tragus

Back 29

cartilage flap which protects the external auditory meatus

Front 30

Helix

Back 30

upper curved area of the pinna

Front 31

Earlobe

Back 31

fatty tissue without any cartilage

Front 32

Tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Back 32

thin membrane that separates the middle ear fromthe outer ear, it vibrates when sound waves reach it

Front 33

Cerumen

Back 33

– along with hairs helps to prevent foreign substances fromentering the ear and damaging the tympanic membrane

Front 34

Middle Ear

Back 34

air filled cavity between the outer ear and the inner ear

Front 35

Ossicles

Back 35

ear bones (malleus, incus, and stapes)

Front 36

Eustachian tube (Auditory tube)

Back 36

– tube that connects middle ear with throat (allowsequalization of air pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane)

Front 37

Inner ear

Back 37

located within temporal bone the inner ear contains: semicircular canals,vestibule, and cochlea

Front 38

Semicircular Canals

Back 38

three canals that lie at right angles to each other which haveexpanded bases called ampullae. The receptors of the semicircular canalsprovide sensations of rotation.

Front 39

Vestibule

Back 39

contains two membranous sacs (the utricle and saccule) that are involvedin equilibrium, sensations of gravity and linear acceleration

Front 40

Cochlea

Back 40

coiled (snail shaped) structure involved with hearing. The cochlea is dividedby the vestibular membrane and the basilar membrane into three channels: thescala media, scala vestibuli and the scala tympani.

Front 41

Hair Cells

Back 41

– basic receptors of the inner ear that provide information about thedirection and strength of varied mechanical stimuli.

Front 42

What are the receptors of light touch?

Back 42

Tactile (Merkel’s) Discs, Free Nerve Endings, Tactile (Meissner’s) Corpuscles

Front 43

What are the receptors for light pressure, (whichare located deeper than those for lighttouch)

Back 43

Root Hair Plexus, Lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscles, Ruffini Corpuscle

Front 44

Olfactory receptors

Back 44

modified neurons with cilia extending from their surfaces.They are found in the nasal epithelium on either side of the nasal septum

Front 45

Odorants

Back 45

chemicals that stimulate olfactory receptors; the are small organicmolecules. The strongest smells are associated with molecules of high water and lipidsolubilities.

Front 46

Olfactory glands (Bowman’s glands)

Back 46

absorb water and form mucus. In thecortex, nerve impulses from the olfactory tract are interpreted as odor and give riseto the sensation of smell.

Front 47

olfactory fatigue

Back 47

we become accustomed to some odors and adapt to them rather quickly.

Front 48

Taste (gustatory) receptors

Back 48

Sensory structures called taste buds formed from receptors and specialized epithelial cells

Front 49

What are the three forms of papillae found on the tongue?

Back 49

filiform papillae,fungiform papillae and circumvallate papillae

Front 50

Filiform papillae

Back 50

don’t contain any tastebuds but function to provide friction against objects in the mouth

Front 51

Fungiform papillae

Back 51

Contain about 5 taste buds

Front 52

circumvallate papillae

Back 52

contain about 100 taste buds

Front 53

What 4 main tastes are taste buds sensitive to and where do we taste them?

Back 53

Sweet, salty, bitter and sour.

sides, tip, or posteriorareas of the tongue.