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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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organism
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a life form-a living entity made up of one or more cells
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theory
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a explanation for a very general class of phenomena or observations
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cell
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a highly organized compartment that is bound by a thin, flexible structure called a plasma membrane and that contains concentrated chemicals in an aqueous (watery) solution
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cell theory
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all organisms are made up of cells, and all cells come from preexisting cells
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hypothesis
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a proposed explanation
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prediction
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something that can be measured and that must be correct if a hypothesis is valid
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evolution
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a change in characteristics of a population over time
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natural selection
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explains how evolution occurs
1. individuals within a pop. vary in characteristics that are heritable 2. these heritable traits help individuals survive better and reproduce more offspring |
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heritable
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traits that can be passed on to offspring
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population
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a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time
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artificial selection
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changes in population that occur when humans select certain individuals to produces the most offspring
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fitness
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the ability of an individual to produce offspring
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adaptation
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a trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a particular environment
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speciation
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natural selection has caused populations of one species to diverge and form new species
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tree of life
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a family tree of organisms
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phylogeny
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an organisms actual genealogical relationships(tribe-source)
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eukaryotes
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cells that are multicellular and have a nucleus at the center
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prokaryotes
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cells that are unicellular and have no nucleus
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taxonomy
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the effort to name and classify organisms
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domain
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taxonomic category
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phylum
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refers to major lineages within each domain
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genus
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first part of organisms scientific name; made up of a closely related group of species
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Scientific(latin) name
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organism's genus and species designation
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null hypothesis
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specifies what we should observe when the hypothesis being tested isn't correct
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control group
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a group of organisms or samples that do not receive the experimental treatment but are otherwise identical to the group that does
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