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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spinal meninges, list (outer to inner) |
Epidural space Dura mater Subdural space Arachnoid membrane Subarachnoid space pia mater |
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Functions of spinal cord (2) |
Conduct impulses to and from brain Integrate reflexes |
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Longitudinal structure Begins/ends? 2 thickened areas Conus medullaris Cauda equina Filum terminale |
Begins - foramen magnum Ends - between L1 & L2 -2 thickened areas - Cervical enlargement (nerves to arms), lumbar enlargement (nerves to leg) -conus medullaris - below lumbar enlargement -cauda equina - spinal nerve roots distal to end of spinal cord -Filum terminale - CT filament attaches to coccyx and anchors cord |
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Cross sectional structure (list) |
Anterior or ventral median fissure Posterior or dorsal median sulcus Gray matter White matter Ascending/descending tract |
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Gray matter |
-Anterior (ventral) horn - motor -Posterior (dorsal) horn - sensory -lateral horn - between anterior and posterior - ANS -gray commissure - connects R & L gray -central canal - full of CSF |
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White matter - 3 regions funiculi / columns |
1. Anterior - between anterior horns of gray matter 2. Posterior - between posterior horns 3. Lateral - next to lateral horns |
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Ascending Tracts - sensory (going up to brain) (3) |
-Fasciculus gracilis & fasciculus cuteatus / medial lemniscus / posterior column -Spinocerebellar tracts -Spinothalamic |
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Fasciculus gracilis & cutaneus / medial lemniscus / posterior column (ascending) |
Skin and joint receptors to cortex carrying Proprioception - dress in dark 2-point discrimination Weight discrimination Vibrations Stereognosis - recognize objects by touch |
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Spinocerebellar tracts (ascending) |
sensory impulses from muscles to cerebellum Subconscious proprioception used to coordinate movements |
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Spinothalamic (ascending) |
Skin receptors to thalamus - pain, temp, touch, pressure conscious perception, but not well localized |
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Descending Tracts - motor (going down to muscles) List Pyramidal, Extrapyramidal, Vestibulospinal, Tectospinal |
Pyramidal (precise, voluntary movements), Corticospinal tracts, Corticobulbar Extrapyramidal (unconscious automatic movements), Reticulospinal, Rubrospinal tracts Vestibulospinal Tectospinal |
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Pyramidal Corticospinal tract Location and function |
Cerebral cortex to anterior horn of spinal cord Motor impulses to skeletal muscles below head |
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Pyramidal Corticobulbar Location and function |
Cerebral cortex to cranial nerves head and neck muscles |
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Extrapyramidal Reticulospinal |
Reticular formation to anterior horn to skeletal muscles motor impulses controlling muscle tone and regulating reflexes |
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Extrapyramidal Rubrospinal tracts |
Motor impulses from red nucleus to anterior horn to skeletal muscles involved in muscular coordination & posture control necessary for precise movement of distal extremities |
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Vestibulospinal |
Vestibular nucleus to anterior horn to skeletal muscles muscle tone relating to maintaining posture & balance in response to head movements |
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Tectospinal |
Inferior and superior colliculi to anterior horn to neck muscles moves head in response to visual and auditory stimuli |
