Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name 4 atoms found in a protein or amino acids.
|
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
|
|
Proteins are composed of small subunits called
____________ that are linked together. |
Amino Acids
|
|
Where does a hydrogen bond form between two
water molecules? |
Oxygen of one molecule to the hydrogen of the oth
|
|
Where did the catalase in our enzyme lab come form?
|
Liver
|
|
Name 1 of the 4 organic molecules?
|
Lipid, Protein, Carbohydrate or Nucleic Acid
|
|
What was the substrate in the enzyme lab?
|
Hydrogen peroxide
|
|
List one example of a nucleic acid?
|
DNA or RNA
|
|
What is another name for a fatty acid in a lipid?
|
Hydrocarbon Chain
|
|
What happened to the activity of catalase when
We boiled it for 5 mins? |
activity decreased or something similar
|
|
Which part of an enzyme fits with a substrate?
|
Active Site
|
|
How does extreme pH level affect the shape of
an enzyme? |
changes the shape
|
|
Why does sweating lead to a cooling effect
in mammals? |
water carries heat with it
|
|
Which of the following is a monosaccharide:
fructose, sucrose or lactose? |
Fructose
|
|
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions?
|
Lower activation energy or speed them up
|
|
Which of the following would be a enzyme?
Sucrose or Sucrase |
Sucrase
|
|
What is it called when water sticks to something
other that water? |
Adhesion
|
|
T or F
Cohesion is when water molecules bond to other water molecules. |
True
|
|
Which of the following is an example of a
Lipid: C6 H12 O6 or C13 H45 O3 |
C13 H45 O3
|
|
Which of the following would be a decomposer
In a food chain: algae, primary consumer, bacteria |
Bacteria
|
|
What 2 products does catalase break hydrogen
Peroxide into? |
O2 and H20
|
|
What is the function of DNA?
|
Blueprint for life or it codes to make proteins
|
|
What does it mean that water has
a high heat capacity? |
Water holds onto heat well or
It maintains a stable temp |
|
____________is the property of water that
allows water molecules to stick together? |
cohesion
|
|
A steroid is a type of lipid that has _____ core
interlocking rings? |
4
|
|
In dehydration synthesis 2 smaller
Molecules join to make a larger molecule And a _________ molecule is lost. |
water
|
|
What is surface tension?
|
water forms a blanket on the surface
or water has a greater attraction to other water molecules than air molecules. |
|
Name 1 molecule that dissolves well in water?
|
anything with a charge - most molecules we've
talked about except lipids |
|
Describe how you would recognize the structure
of a protein. |
NH2 group or COOH group
|
|
Which part of an amino acid makes it unique
compared with the other 19? |
R-Group
|
|
Which atom do all 4 organic molecules have
in common? |
carbon
|
|
The second law of thermodynamics states
That as energy is transferred, ___________ Increases. |
entropy
|
|
Nitrifyers convert __________ to ___________.
|
ammonia to nitrate
|
|
What is an exergonic reaction?
|
Reactants contain more free or
Bond energy than products |
|
Which type of lipid contains a glycerol and
3 fatty acid chains? |
triglyceride
|
|
What is a long chain of amino acids called
and what is the bond called that links them together? |
Polypeptide and peptide bonds
|
|
The 4 levels of a protein include ___________,
Second, tertiary, and ____________? |
Primary and quaternary
|
|
Nitrogen fixers convert ___________ to
_____________. |
nitrogen gas ammonia
|
|
Which type of lipid has a polar phosphate
group and nonpolar fatty acid chains? |
phospholipids
|
|
Which type of organic molecule contains
A carboxyl group and an amino group? |
amino acid or protein
|
|
Which type of reaction would involve splitting
a polypeptide into a single amino acids? |
hydrolysis
|
|
Denitrifyers covert _________ to _________.
|
Nitrates Nitrogen Gas
|
|
Which type of reaction would involve the
joining of galactose and glucose to make Lactose and water? |
Dehydration Synthesis
|
|
Which of the 4 organic molecule has the
5 atoms PONCH? |
Nucleic Acids
|
|
An allosteric enzyme that is normally in
an inactive state, must bond with an ___________ to become active. |
Activator
|
|
Name 2 of the 4 organic molecules that
contain nitrogen. |
proteins/amino acids and nucleic acids
|
|
Which gas is released by plants during
photosynthesis and taken in by consumers? Which gas do plants take in and consumers release? |
O2, CO2
|
|
True or False
Enzymes affect the free energy of reactants and products in a reaction. |
False- activation energy only
|
|
What is the difference between a cofactor
and a coenzyme? |
cofactor: can be organic or inorganic;
Coenzymes are only organic |
|
Which 2 organic molecules have C, H
And O only? |
Carbs and Lipids
|
|
When the products contain more free energy
than the reactants, the reaction is known as? |
endergonic
|
|
List 5 properties of water
|
Excellent solvent, high heat capacity,
Surface tension, adhesion and cohesion, Density change at 4 degrees C |
|
List the 3 atoms found in an aldehyde
group. |
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
|
|
List 4 factors that can affect enzyme activity
|
Salt, Temperature, pH, Enzyme concentration,
And substrate concentration |
|
List the chemical formula for a hydroxyl group
|
OH
|
|
List the 3 parts of a nucleic acid that compose a
Nucleotide? |
phosphate, sugar, and base
|
|
Name 3 polysaccharides.
|
starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin
|
|
List 2 atoms found in a ketone group
|
C-O
|
|
List the chemical formula for a Carboxyl group
|
COOH
|
|
Name the 3 types of bacteria that
are critical to the recycling of nitrogen? |
nitrifyers, nitrogen fixers, denitrifyers
|
|
Describe the structure of a protein at the
primary level. |
Chain of amino acids
|
|
Which monosaccharide is missing?
Glucose, Fructose, ___________. |
galactose
|
|
Which polysaccharide is used by plants
to store the monosaccharides they make during Photosynthesis? |
Starch
|
|
Which components of amino acids interact
to cause the "bunching" that occurs at the tertiary level? |
R groups
|
|
What is competitive inhibition?
|
when an inhibitor molecule blocks
the active site of an enzyme so that a substrate cannot bind |
|
Which polysaccharide is used by animals
as a storage molecule? |
glycogen
|
|
Which polysaccharide is used by plants
For stability of their cell walls? |
cellulose
|
|
Name the two possible structures that can
exist within a protein at the secondary level? |
alpha helix and beta sheet
|
|
Describe the structure of a protein at the
Quaternary level? |
More than 1 polypeptide bonded together
|
|
What is non-competitive inhibition?
|
when an inhibitor fills the allosterc
site of an enzyme and as a result, the active site closes |