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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Qualitites of Light |
Intensity (Brightness) Coherence (Hard vs. Soft) Color Temperature (Redness or blueness of light) |
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5 Motivators of a Story |
Money Family Health Safety Community
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4 Parts of a Story |
Characters Plot Theme Enviorment |
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3 Characteristics of Sound |
Frequency Amplitude Timber |
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Frequency |
Determine Pitch
Measured in HZ |
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Amplitude |
Determines Volume |
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Timbre |
Determines Unqiuness of Souds |
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4 Strengths of a Video |
Emotions Character Motion - Only median that allows motion Eyewitness - Shock and Awe
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Things Video Doesn't Do Well |
Lack of visuals Too many viewpoints Audio/Video conflict Jargon Too long Too Many Numbers Uninteresting Video |
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Top Ten Mistakes Students Make |
Shots too short Centering Subjects "We'll fix it in post." White Walls Too Creative Quantity over Quality Shaky Video Ignoring Audio Jump Cuts Using Auto |
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"Warm Up" a shot |
Make it more red |
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"Cooling off" a shot |
Make more blue |
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Objective Point of View |
Scene shown from point of view of camera |
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Subjective Point of View |
Watch scene as if camera was one of characters |
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Presenational Point of View |
Used for news. Anchor looks directly at camera |
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3 Types of Editing |
Parallel Complexity Continuity |
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Parallel Editing |
Cutting back and forth between 2 scenes |
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Complexity Editing |
Intensifies emotions |
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Continuity Editing |
Clarifies an event |
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Generation Loss |
Copy of a copy
Video quality gets worse with each copy |
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Lossy |
Gets rid of pixels |
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Lossless |
Rearranges pixels |
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What determines Pitch? |
Frequency |
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Explain how focal length is correlated with angle of view |
The longer the focal length, the narrower the angle of view.
The shorter the focal length, the wider the angle of view. |
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Name of the transition in which an image is gradually replaced by another image? |
Dissolve |
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Horizontal Movement of the camera on a stationary mount? |
Pan |
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Vertical movement of the camera on a stationary mount? |
Tilt |
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Raising or lowering the camera on a stationary mount? |
Pedestal |
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Movement of the camera and mount away from the subject |
Dolly Out |
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Giving the audience sufficient visual clues to fill in information missing on the screen? |
Closure |
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Title of person who operates Video Switcher? |
Technical Director |
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Based on the following zoom ranges, choose which lens would give the widest shot.
18mm-55mm 10mm-100mm 20mm-200mm 28mm-105mm |
10mm-100mm |
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Of the following f-stops, which one would let the most light pass through the lens?
F 11 F 8 F 5.6 F 4 |
F 4 |
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What type of POV is used in Dramatic Television? |
Objective |
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What cue will the director give the camera operator to correct insufficient headroom? |
Tilt Up |
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Diagram and label the 7 steps for VIDEO signal flow from the studio to the viewer at home. |
Camera CCU Monitor Video Switcher Preview and Program Recording Device (SSD) Broadcast
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Diagram and label the 5 steps for AUDIO signal flow from the studio to the viewer at home. |
Mic/Digicart Audio Mixer Audio Monitors Recording Device (SSD) Broadcast |
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Explain Cross Shooting and why we use it. |
Shooting a person on the left with a camera on the right and vice versa.
Keeps people from being in profile view.
Profile is ugly. |
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True or False
When planning an interview one must make a list of very specific questions to abide by. |
False |
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A ________ interprets and translates the script into a visual experience. |
Director |
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What happens to your XLR cable when you connect a 1/4" adapter to it? |
It becomes unbalanced. |
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What is the unit of measurement of Impedance? |
Ohms |
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"In news, the one who sits in the control room, communicates with live shots, keeps time and makes necessary changes" is the job description for whom? |
Line Producer |
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The ability of a microphone to hear across the entire frequency range is known as: |
Flat Response |
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List 2 Below-the-Line posistions you held during Student Spotlight rotations |
Technical Director Floor Manager Camera Operator VTR Operator Audio Operator |
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List 2 Above-the-Line posistions. |
Producer Director Writers Talent Artist |
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What do we call it when an audio console, or some other source, rather than a battery, supplies power to your microphone? |
Phantom Power |
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True/False
The news director calls the cues in the control room during a broadcast. |
False
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Increasing the frequency of a sounds wave causes a sound to: |
Become louder |
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Difference between in duties between a Producer and a executive producer? |
Producer- Decide on stories, ideas, and chooses content
EP- Oversee several news shows and prevent redundancy. |
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List at least points points which should be included in your cover letter. |
Position you are applying for Where you saw the listing Abilities you have they mentioned in the listing One or two key highlights from your resume What YOU can do for THEM |
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Draw and label the pickup pattern for an omnidirectional mic |
Can here sounds from all directions
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Draw and label the pickup pattern for an ultracardiod mic |
Specialized type of unidirectional mic. Very narrow pickup pattern. Pickup sounds that are quite a distance from the front of the mic. |
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Explain DYNAMIC sound generating elements in microphones and how each transduces sounds waves into an electrical signal. |
Moving coil Have diaphragm that vibrates when sounds waves hit it Diaphragm is attached to a coil wrapped around a magnet Coil moves with diaphragm causing change in magnectic field and generates an audio signal Rugged Mic Does not need external power source
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Explain CONDESOR sound generating elements in microphones and how each transduces sounds waves into an electrical signal. |
Capacictor releases audio signal when sound waves hit the front plate Sensitive Require external power source Example: Lav Mics |
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Explain RIBBON sound generating elements in microphones and how each transduces sounds waves into an electrical signal. |
Thin metal ribbon vibrates in magentic field to create audio signal Warm tone Used in recording studios Very sensitive and not good for the field |
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4 roles of a Director |
Coordinator- Give cues Psychologist- Know how to get what you need out of people. Know when to be mean and when to be nice. Artist- Know which effects to use when. Not editorialize. Not make the show bias to your opinion/views. Technical Advisor- Know what you want out of people and how to get it. |
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What does color temperature measure? |
The redness or blueness of white light |
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Explain the Rule of Thirds |
What you always follow when framing a shot. The shot is broken up by a 3x3 grid. You align the subject with one of the four corners of the center square. |
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How does zoom relate to focal length? |
Zooming in on an object results in a longer focal length.
Zooming out from an object results in a shorter focal length. |
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Explain Directional Continuity |
Keeping the camera on the same side of the field means the action will apear to the viewers as going in the same direction no matter which camera you cut to. |
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Explain the difference between a show format and a rundown |
A show format is the same for every show. A rundown is specific to one show. THe content in the rundown will change but the actual format of the show will not. |
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What are vectors? |
Elements in the video frame that provide a path for the viewer to visually navigate across the frame. |
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Graphic Vectors |
Created by stationary objects that guide the viewers eyes in a certain direction |
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Index Vectors |
Created by people or objects that point in a particular direction. For example, someone point off screen |
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Motion Vectors |
Created when there is movement in the frame. For example, a cyclist moving from left to right across the frame. |
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What is the purpose of editing? |
Selecting and sequencing the parts of an event that are most effective in clarifying/intensifying it. |
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What are jump cuts? |
Abrupt interruptions in the editing. For example, taking something from the beginning and end of the interview and editing them together. There is a noticeable "jump" between the two clips. |
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What are cutaways? |
When you cut from the subject's interview to B-Roll pertaining to what the subject is talking about and then cut back to the interview. Used to avoid jump cuts. |
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Explain 3 point lighting |
Uses key, fill, and back light
Key light- Main light source placed to one side of the camera Fill light- Softlight placed on opposity side of camera from key light. Meant to fill in and soften shadows created by the key light Back light- The hard light shining towards the camera from behind the subject. Creates separation between the subject and background. |
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What is falloff? |
The speed in which light picture portion turns into shadow area. |
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What is a base light? |
Even. Non-directional, diffused light necessary for the camera to operate optimally. |
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Explain contrast ratio. |
Difference between the brightest and darkest spots of a picture. Optimal contrast ratio is 40:1 to 50:1 |
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What is high key lighting? |
Low contrast, flat lit scenarios
Uses key light, fill light, and a back light
Used in sitcoms |
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What is low key lighting? |
High contrast ratio
Used to create sinister/suspenseful mood
Used in police dramas and murder mysterys |
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Lead Room (Nose Room) |
Leave room in the direction the person is looking |
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Headroom |
Room between the top of a person's head and the top of the frame |
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Closure |
Give audience room to fill in information missing on screen. |
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Dutch Angle |
Used to portray psychological uneasiness or tension in the subject being filmed |
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High Angle |
Made to make subject in frame appear to have a higher power |
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Low Angle |
made to make subject in frame appear to have less power. |
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Illogical Closure |
Having something in the background appear to be coming out of the subject. For example, a tree coming out of the subject's head. |
