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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Apoptosis |
Programmed cell death which doesn't harm neighbouring cells |
Cell suicide |
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Cellular necrosis |
Improper or unexpected cell death which is harmful in most cases |
Harmful |
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Point mutations |
One base pairs replacing another so only 1 pair changes |
One |
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Insertions |
Introducing extra base pair which causes a frameshift |
Extra |
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Deletions |
Removing a base pair that causes a frameshift |
Remove |
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Frameshift |
Alteration to the entire DNA sequence so all of the triplet codes move |
Move |
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Silent mutations |
No effect on actual coding |
None |
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Neutral mutations |
Neither a negative or positive effects to the organism despite a coding change |
Neither |
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Lactose permease enzyme |
To transport lactose into bacterial cell |
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B-galactosidase enzyme |
To break down lactose into galactose and glucose |
Break down |
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Lac Operon |
Structural genes: Z and Y sites, and control sites: regulator gene, promoter region and operator region |
DNA operon |
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Meiosis |
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II |
I Poo Myself Any Time |
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Prophase 1 |
Nuclear envelope breaks down |
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Metaphase 1 |
Spindle fibres attach to chiasmata |
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Anaphase 1 |
Homologous chromosomes pulled to opposite poles |
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Telophase 1 |
Cell divided by cytokinesis and nuclear envelope forms |
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Telophase 2 |
Results in haploid cells |
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Homozygous |
Same alleles for a phenotype |
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P + q = 1 |
Frequency of alleles |
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P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 |
Frequency of genotypes P^2 = homozygous dominant 2pq = heterozygous dominant Q^2 = homozygous recessive |
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