Cell Slides Bio Lab Practical

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Back 1

Oscillatoria

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Gloeocapsa

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Paramecium

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Amoeba

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Elodea

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Plasmodesmata

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Protein:

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BIURET TEST, violet = positive, intensity = more peptide bonds. No color change = negative, NOTE: amino acid solution will not change, must have intact peptide bonds

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Lipids:

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SUDAN IV (lipid soluable dye), positive = red, the darker, the more fat, negative: light rose. Can also use GREASE SPOT test, positive: translucent on paper, negative: opaque

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Starch/ Polysaccharide

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IODINE, bluish black = positive, brown yellow = negative glycogen has intermediate reaction.

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Monosaccarhide:

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BENEDICT’S REAGENT: Fructose, glucose. Blue = negative, Green to orange = positive. The more orange, the more reducing sugars present

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Hypertonic

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Higher concentration of solute OUTSIDE cell, cell shrivels hypotonic

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hypotonic

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Lower concentration of solute OUTSIDE cell.

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isotonic

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equal concentrations, cell remains the same. 


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Diffusion:

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Movement of a chemical from an area of high concentration, heat and pressure to areas of low concentration, heat and pressure. Caused by random motion.


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Osmosis:

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The movement of water across a differentially permeable membrane. Follows rules of diffusion but only pertains to water.


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Free energy:

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energy available to do work - i.e. ATP 


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Dialysis:

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Separation of dissolved substances by their unequal diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane.


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Pressure -

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on cells changes diffusion - caused by physical pressure of cell walls on molecules, as well as evaporation

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water potential :

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combined affects of concentration and pressure. Water moves from LOW POTENTIAL to HIGH POTENTIAL. In plants, this means that water moves from LOW potential in roots to HIGH potential in leaves, where water is lost to evaporation.

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Plasmolysis:


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the shrinking of cytoplasm of a plant cell when in hypertonic solution when water is sucked out of cell. During plasmolysis, cell membrane pulls away from cell wall

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Amylase -

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breaks down starch into sugars

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Catalase -

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changes H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) into water and oxygen.


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Know the properties of enzymes and the factors that affect its function 


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1. Basic Function is to increase rate of a reaction. 2. most enzymes only react with one reactant. 3. Enzymes are regulated from states of low activity to high activity by activators and inhibitors. Activity is also affected by temperature, pressure, pH and concentration.