Cell Organelles And Functions

Front 1

Functions as the home for the organelles and is found in pro. and eu.

Back 1

cytoplasm

Front 2

maintains cell shape, moves organelles, and moves cell; found only in eu.

Back 2

cytoskeleton

Front 3

contains the genetic material; found only in eu.

Back 3

nucleus

Front 4

produces energy for the cell; found only in eu.

Back 4

mitochondria

Front 5

synthesizes proteins; found in both pro. and eu.

Back 5

ribosomes

Front 6

manufactures and transports proteins, manufactures fats; found only in eu.

Back 6

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 7

packages proteins for secretion; found only in eu.

Back 7

Golgi complex

Front 8

digests wastes; found only in eu.

Back 8

lysosomes

Front 9

makes food; found only in PLANT eu.

Back 9

chloroplasts

Front 10

used for storage; found mainly in PLANT eu.

Back 10

vacuoules

Front 11

provides stability and protection; found only in PLANT eu. or some pro.

Back 11

cell wall

Front 12

a Dutch clothing dealer who made an accurate single lens microscope

Back 12

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Front 13

a whiplike structure projecting from the surface of some cells and single-celled organisms that allows the organism to swim

Back 13

flagellum

Front 14

the main component of the cytoplasm; a grayish, gel-like liquid containing the nucleus, organelles, and cytoskeletion

Back 14

cytosol

Front 15

thick, hollow rods that provide a strong scaffold for the cell

Back 15

microtubules

Front 16

thin rods made of a protein called actin that are strung around the perimeter of the cell to help it withstand strain

Back 16

microfilaments

Front 17

a membrane separating the interior of the nucleus from the cytosol that only lets select molecules in and out

Back 17

nuclear envelope

Front 18

proteins the DNA is wrapped around

Back 18

histones

Front 19

the stringy web of genetic material and histone proteins found in the nucleus of eu. cells

Back 19

chromatin

Front 20

a physical structure composed of a single long strand of DNA containing along its length many genes

Back 20

chromosome

Front 21

a dense, spherical body inside the nucleus of a cell, makes the RNA that is a structural componen of the ribosomes

Back 21

nucleolus

Front 22

a compartment within the mitochondria formed by the second membrane where the chemical reactions of respiration of the cell take place

Back 22

mitochondrial matrix

Front 23

the process by which plants convert light energy into organic materials, such as glucose

Back 23

photosynthesis

Front 24

a pigment located within a chloroplast that absorbs light in plant cells

Back 24

chlorophyll

Front 25

type of liquid found in cell membranes; made up of a single hydrophilic phosphate head and two nonpolor hydrophobic lipid tails

Back 25

phospholipid

Front 26

the transport or natural drift of molecules traveling from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; does not requre outside energy

Back 26

diffusion

Front 27

process by which water naturally travels from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration

Back 27

osmosis

Front 28

a situation in which the concentration of solutes in a solution is lower than what an organism contains

Back 28

hypotonic

Front 29

a situation in which the concentration of solutes in a solution is higher than what it contains

Back 29

hypertonic

Front 30

a situation in which the concentration of solutes in a solution is equivalent to what it contains

Back 30

isotonic solution

Front 31

diffusion of molecules that cannot pass through the cell membrane independently, but rather through permeable protein channels embedded in the membrane; does not require outside energy

Back 31

facillitated diffusion

Front 32

process by which liquids or small solid particles are taken into a cell in the form of small vesicles that are produced through the invagination of the cell membrane

Back 32

endocytosis

Front 33

process by which molecules are secreted from the cell, occurs when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents to the outside

Back 33

exocytosis

Front 34

type of endocytosis where the cell takes in large solid food particles that it then digests

Back 34

phagocytosis

Front 35

type of endocytosis where the cell takes in drops of cellular fluid containing dissolved nutrients

Back 35

pinocytosis