Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Plasma Membrane |
regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm |
|
Difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote |
Prokaryote does not have a nucleus and only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes; all other organisms are eukaryotes |
|
List organelles that are membranous |
1. nucleus 2. ER 3. golgi apparatus 4. vacuoles and vesicles 5. lysosomes 6. peroxisome 7. mitochondrian 8. chloroplast |
|
What are the unique structures of a plant cell? |
1. large central vacuole 2. cell wall 3. chloroplast 4. centrosome lacks centrioles |
|
What are the unique structures of an animal cell? |
1. small vacuoles 2. centrosome has centrioles |
|
ribosome |
carries out protein synthesis |
|
golgi apparatus |
processes, packages, and distributes poteins and lipids |
|
centrosome |
the main microtubule-organizing center of the cell, divides before mitosis - (surrounds the centriole) |
|
lysosome |
digests macromolecules |
|
cytoskeleton |
maintains cell shape and assists movement of cell parts |
|
function of the rough ER |
protein synthesis |
|
During what phase does the nucleus appear normal and the cell is performing its usual functions? |
interphase |
|
DNA replication occurs when? |
at the end of interphase |
|
centromere |
is what holds together the two sister chromatids |
|
mitosis |
nucleur division - new nuclei receive the same number of chromosomes as the parental nucleus |
|
cytokenesis |
when the cytoplasm divides and two daughter cells are produced |
|
meiosis |
nucleur division for sexually reproducing organisms |
|
State the steps of Interphase |
G1 - growth S - growth and DNA replication G2 - growth and final preparations for division |
|
Stages of Mitosis |
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telephase
|
|
Centriole |
two barrel-shaped organelles in each centrosome and asters (only in animal cells) that contain microtubules and are associated with the formation of the spindle during cell division |
|
aster |
(animal cell only) short, radiating fibers produced by the centrioles |
|
Parent cell |
the cell that divides and produces daughter cells |
|
during what stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? |
S phase |
|
Name the phase of cell division during which separation of sister chromatids occurs? |
Anaphase |
|
what structure forms in plant cells during cytokinesis? |
cell wall |
|
early prophase |
centrosomes have duplicated. chromatin is condensing into chromosomes and nuclear envelope is fragmenting |
|
prophase |
nucleolus has disappeared, and duplicated chromosomes are visible. Centrosomes begin moving apart, and spindle is in process of forming |
|
prometaphase |
the kinetochore of each chromatid is attached to a kinetochore spindle fiber. Polar spindle fibers stretch from each spindle pole and overlap
|
|
Metaphase |
centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. Kinetochore spindle fibers attached to the sister chromatids come from opposite spindle poles |
|
Anaphase |
sister chromatids part and become daughter chromosomes that move toward the spindle poles. Each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell |
|
Telophase |
daughter cells are forming as nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear. Chromosomes will become indistinct chromatin |