Cell Biology Lecture 8

Front 1

Why cell signaling interesting and important?

Back 1

1. tells cell when to start dividing
2. when to stop dividing
3. and how much to grow

Front 2

Defect in cell signaling causes...

Back 2

Cancer

Front 3

differentiation into different cell types is

Back 3

induced by cell signaling

Front 4

cell signaling is regulates communication between

Back 4

nerve cells

Front 5

activity of signaling is modulated by what?

Back 5

drugs

Front 6

signals for cell communication are received by

Back 6

"receptor" proteins

Front 7

There are two kinds of receptor proteins

Back 7

1. Cell-surface receptors
2. Intracellular receptors

Front 8

Cell-surface receptors function how?

Back 8

Cell-surface receptor receives the hydrophillic signal molecule

Front 9

Intracellular receptors function how?

Back 9

Carrier protein delivers a small hydrophobic signal molecule through the plasma membrane of a cell. An intracellular receptor in the nucleus then receives the hydrophobic signal molecule

Front 10

Signaling can alter which functions of the cell?

Back 10

1. metabolism
2. gene expression
3. cell shape and movement

Front 11

generic signaling pathway

Back 11

extracellular signal molecule lets the receptor protein know. Intracellular proteins then transfer the signal to target proteins. this whole process leads to alteration of cell functions

Front 12

4 different types of signaling

Back 12

1. Contact-dependent
2. Endocrine signaling
3. Synaptic signaling
4. Paracrine signaling

Front 13

contact-dependent

Back 13

cells are in direct contact

Front 14

endrocrine signaling

Back 14

secreted signal to cells widely distributed throughout the organism

Front 15

synaptic signaling

Back 15

secreted signal to synapses

Front 16

paracrine signaling

Back 16

secreted signal to neighboring cells

Front 17

Autocrine signaling

Back 17

secreted signal in which identical cells signal to each other and themselves

Front 18

Contact-dependent signaling is import during what?

Back 18

development and immune responses

Front 19

Specialized signaling in the nervous system

Back 19

neurotransmitter

Front 20

Specialized in the endocrine system

Back 20

relies on diffusion and blood flow

Front 21

difference between paracrine and outocrine

Back 21

Paracrine signaling notifies a cell either locally or afar. autocrine signaling has many identical cells involved where all of the cells send signals to neighboring cells.

Front 22

Cells can respond differently to different combinations of signals. What are those responses?

Back 22

survive, divide, differentiate, die

Front 23

3 actions of acetylcholine

Back 23

heart muscle cell, salivary gland, skeletal muscle

Front 24

Acteyl choline does what to a heart muscle cell?

Back 24

decreases rate and force of contraction