Ccrn Review - Neuro

Front 1

Medulla Oblongata
Location?

Back 1

part of brainstem

Front 2

Medulla Oblongata
function?

Back 2

regulation of respiratory rhythm, controls rate and stregnth of heartbeat, blood vessle diameter.Coughing, sneezing, swallowing,vomiting.

Front 3

What cranial nerves are contained in the Medulla Oblongata

Back 3

Cranial Nerves 9,10, 11, 12

Front 4

What is Cranial Nerve 1?
Function?

Back 4

Olfractory controls smell

Front 5

What is Cranial Nerve 2?
Function?

Back 5

Optic nerve controls central and peripheral vision

Front 6

What is Cranial Nerve 3?
Function?
Location?

Back 6

Occulomotor nerve is located in the midbrain, controls eyemovement, elevation of upper eyelids and pupil constriction

Front 7

What is Cranial Nerve 4?
Function?
Location?

Back 7

Trochlear nerve is located in the midbrain. Controls down and inward eye movement

Front 8

What is Cranial Nerve 5?
Function?
Location?

Back 8

Trigeminal nerve is located in the Pons. Controls touch, pain, temperature, chewing, jaw and eye muscle, proprioception

Front 9

What is Cranial Nerve 6?
Function?
Location?

Back 9

Abducens nerve is located in Pons.
Controls abduction of the eyes

Front 10

What is Cranial Nerve 7?
Function?
Location?

Back 10

Facial Nerve is located in the pons. controls the muscles of facial expressions. closes eyelids. Controls secretions from glands in mouth and eyes

Front 11

What is Cranial Nerve 8?
Location?
Function?

Back 11

Acoustic nerve is located in the Pons. The vestibular branch controls equalibrium, the cochlear branch controls hearing

Front 12

What is Cranial Nerve 9?
Location?
Function?

Back 12

Glossopharyngeal nerve is located in the medulla oblongata, controls movement of pharyngeal muscles, secretion of parotid glands, pharyngeal and posterior tongue sensations

Front 13

What is Cranial Nerve 10?
Location?
Function?

Back 13

Vagus nerve is located in the medulla oblongata, controls pharyngeal and laryngeeal movement & sensation, visceral activities, taste

Front 14

What is Cranial Nerve 11?
Location?
Function?

Back 14

Spinal Acessory nerve is located in the Medulla oblongata.
Controls pharyngeal, sternocleomastoid & trapezius movement

Front 15

What is Cranial Nerve 12?
Location?
Function?

Back 15

Hypoglossal nerve is located in medulla oblongata.
Controls tongue movement

Front 16

Corpus Callosum

Back 16

Joins the 2 cerebral hemispheres

Front 17

Cerebellum

Back 17

Composed of grey and white matter, it controls equilibrium, posture, muscle tone & coordination

Front 18

Lymbic System

Back 18

Regulates some visceral activities, and some function in emotional personality

Front 19

Normal ICP

Back 19

less than 10

Front 20

Falx Cerebelli

Back 20

Separates left and right cerebellar hemispheres

Front 21

Pons

Location?
Function?
Cranial nerves contained?

Back 21

Located in brainstem
Contains projection tracts between spinal cord, medulla, and brain. Controls rate & legnth or respirations along with the medulla.Sensory input and motor output for face.
CN 5,6,7,8 are located

Front 22

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

Location?
Function?
Cranial nerves contained?

Back 22

Part of brainstem. Controls wakefulness through the RAS, motor coordination, & conjugate eye movements
CN 3,4 are located

Front 23

Frontal lobe

Location?
Function?

Back 23

Part of cerebral cortex.
Controls voluntary motor function and higher mental functions

Front 24

Parietal Lobe

Location?
Function?

Back 24

Part of cerebral cortex.
Responsible for sensory function, sensory association, higher level processing of general sensory modalities

Front 25

Temporal lobe

Location?
Function?

Back 25

part of cerebral cortex
controls auditory and speech centers

Front 26

Occipital Lobe

Location?
Function?

Back 26

Part of cerebral cortex
responsible for visual reception and visual association

Front 27

Basal Ganglia

Function?

Back 27

central motor movement

Front 28

Thalmus (diencephalon)

Function?

Back 28

relays sensory impulses to cortex. This is the lowest level of crude conscious awareness

Front 29

Hypothalmus

Function?

Back 29

Regulates ANS, stress response, sleep appetite, temp, emotions and water balance

Front 30

What must ICP level be to have Intracranial Hypertension?

Back 30

ICP greater than 20mmHg

Front 31

Cerebral Spinal Fluid

Back 31

*Clear colorless liquid that has few cells, some protein, glucose, and lg amts of sodium chloride
*Reabsorbed by arachnoid villi
*Norm circulating volume is 125-150 ml
*500-800 ml produced per day

Front 32

Cerebellum

Back 32

governs all sensory, motor, thought, learning,analizes, associates, intergrates, and stores info

Front 33

Meninges

Back 33

3 layers covering brain, spinal cord and spinal canal.

Front 34

3 Meningial coverings and purposes.

Back 34

starting @ brain
Pia
Arachnoid
Dura

Hint 34

mnemonic P A D. the meninges "pad the brain"

Front 35

List 12 cranial nerves

Back 35

1-olfactory
2-optic
3-occulomotor
4-trochlear
5-trigeminal
6-abducens
7-facial
8-acoustic
9-glossopharyngeal
10-vagus
11-spinal acessory
12-hypoglossal

Hint 35

mnemonic:
On Old Olympus's Towering Tops A Fin And German Viewed Some Hopps

Front 36

Calc for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure

Back 36

MAP-ICP=CPP

Front 37

Minimal Acceptable CPP

Back 37

60 mmHg

Front 38

A Wave (ICP)

Back 38

aka plateau waves occur with a sudden, sustained rise in ICP. 50-100 mmHg
Usually not present, last approx 5-20 min
They reflect Cerebral ischemia

Front 39

B Wave (ICP)

Back 39

Seen with ICP 20-40mmHg
Variable in shape and size
Last 0.5-2 min

Front 40

C Wave (ICP)

Back 40

occur every 4-8 min, they raise ICP up to 20mmHg, unknown significance

Front 41

Arterial tears in brain

Back 41

Epidural hematoma

Front 42

Venous tears in brain

Back 42

subdural heamtoma

Front 43

Concussion

Back 43

Strech injury to axon from blunt trauma
Unconsciousness less than 30 min and attention span / memory deficits

Front 44

Diffuse Axonal Injury

Back 44

sheering injury, the injury disconnects the Cerebral hemispheres from the reticular activating system.
Characterized by immediate coma lasting 6-24hours

Front 45

Contusion

Back 45

Focal head injury, bruising & edema of the cerebral cortex

Front 46

Epidural hematoma

Back 46

neurosurgical emergency usually associated with temporal or parietal skull fx with laceration of middle meningeal artery.
typically loss of consciousness thnanbreif lucid period (4-6hrs)followed by increasing restlessness, aggitation, & confusion progressing to coma

Front 47

What deficits/signs and symptoms would you see in Epidural Hematoma

Back 47

N&V during lucid period.
Ipsilateral occulomotor paralysis
Siezures
Contralateral hemiparesis, hemiplegia
+ babinski

Front 48

Common progression of Epidural Hematoma

Back 48

Uncal Herniation

Front 49

Raccoon eyes

Back 49

Ecchymosis around eyes resulting from bleeding into the paranasal sinuses. Indicative of basilar skull fx in the anterior fossa

Front 50

Rhinorrhea

Back 50

CSF draining from nose. Indicative of basilar skull fx in the anterior fossa

Front 51

Otorrhea

Back 51

CSF draining from ears is indicative of Middle Fossa basilar skull fx

Front 52

Battle's Sign

Back 52

An area of ecchymosis over the mastoid projection. Indicative of a temporal or basilar fx in the posterior fossa