Ccna3 - Chapter 1 - Scaling Networks

Front 1

3 Layers

Back 1

Core - High speed backbone

Distribution - Forward traffic

Access - Connectivity for users

Front 2

All enterprise networks must:

Back 2

Support critical applications
Support converged network traffic

Support diverse business needs

Provide centralized administrative control

Front 3

Cisco Enterprise Architecture

Back 3

Divides the network into functional components while still maintaining the core, distribution, and access layers.

• Enterprise Campus

• Enterprise Edge

• Service Provider

• Edge Remote

Front 4

A failure domain

Back 4

A failure domain is the area of a network that is impacted when a critical device or network service experiences problems.

Front 5

Enterprise Architecture

Back 5

Front 6

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)

Back 6

• STP eliminates Layer 2 loops when redundant links are used between switches.
• STP is an open standard protocol, used in a switched environment to create a loop-free logical topology.
  

Front 7

EtherChannel

Back 7

• EtherChannel is a form of link aggregation used in switched networks
• EtherChannel uses the existing switch ports
• one logical link
• Most configuration tasks are done on the EtherChannel interface, instead of on each individual port, ensuring consistency throughout the links.
• configuration takes advantage of load balancing between links that are part of the same EtherChannel
  

Front 8

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Back 8

• OSPF routers establish and maintain neighbor adjacency or adjacencies, with other connected OSPF routers.
• When routers initiate an adjacency with neighbors, an exchange of link-state updates begins
• Routers reach a FULL state of adjacency when they have synchronized views on their link-state database.
• With OSPF, link state updates are sent when network changes occur.
  

Front 9

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) - CONTINUED...

Back 9

• OSPF supports a two-layer hierarchical design, or multiarea OSPF
• All OSPF networks begin with Area 0, also called the backbone area.
• As the network is expanded, other, non-backbone areas can be created. All non-backbone areas must directly connect to area 0.
  

Front 10

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)

Back 10

• Cisco developed EIGRP as a proprietary distance vector routing protocol with enhanced capabilities.
• EIGRP uses multiple tables to manage the routing process
  
• It is an excellent choice for large, multi-protocol networks that employ primarily Cisco devices.
  

Front 11

5 categories of switches for enterprise networks

Back 11

1. Campus LAN Switches - platforms include the Cisco 2960, 3560, 3750, 3850, 4500, 6500, and 6800 Series.
2. Cloud-Managed Switches - The Cisco Meraki cloud-managed access switches enable virtual stacking of switches.
3. Data Center Switches - Cisco Nexus Series switches and the Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series switches.
   
4. Service Provider Switches - aggregation switches and Ethernet access switches.
   
5. Virtual Networking - Cisco Nexus virtual networking switch platforms provide secure multi-tenant services
   

Front 12

Aggregation switches

Back 12

Carrier-grade Ethernet switches that aggregate traffic at the edge of a network.

Front 13

Service provider Ethernet access switches

Back 13

Features application intelligence, unified services, virtualization, integrated security, and simplified management.

Front 14

When selecting switches, network administrators must determine the switch form factors:

Back 14

• Fixed configuration
• Modular configuration
• Stackable
• Non-stackable.
  

Front 15

Thickness of switch

Back 15

The thickness of the switch, which is expressed in the number of rack units, is also important for switches that are mounted in a rack.

Front 16

Business considerations when selecting switch equipment

Back 16

• Cost

• Port density

• Power

• Reliability

• Port speed

• Frame buffers

• Scalability

Front 17

Cisco Catalyst 2960-C and 3560-C Series compact switches

Back 17

Support PoE pass-through. PoE pass-through allows a network administrator to power PoE devices connected to the switch, as well as the switch itself, by drawing power from certain upstream switches.

Front 18

Routers also serve other beneficial functions:

Back 18

• Provide broadcast containment
• Connect remote locations
• Group users logically by application or department
• Provide enhanced security

Front 19

3 categories of routers

Back 19

• Branch routers - Optimize branch services on a single platform while delivering an optimal application experience across branch and WAN infrastructures.
• Network Edge Routers - Network edge routers enable the network edge to deliver high-performance, highly secure, and reliable services that unite campus, data center, and branch networks.
• Service Provider Routers - Service provider routers differentiate the service portfolio and increase revenues by delivering end-to-end scalable solutions and subscriber-aware services.

Front 20

Out-of-band management

Back 20

Used for initial configuration or when a network connection is unavailable. Configuration using out-of-band management requires:

• Direct connection to console
• AUX portTerminal emulation client
  

Front 21

Configuration using in-band management requires:

Back 21

At least one network interface on the device to be connected and operational Telnet, SSH, or HTTP to access a Cisco device

Front 22

features of enterprise class equipment assists an enterprise network in maintaining 99.999 percent up-time:

Back 22

• Failover capabilities
• Redundant power supplies

Front 23

How can an enterprise network be designed to optimize bandwidth?

Back 23

by organizing the network to control traffic patterns

Front 24

Which technology is required when switched networks are designed to include redundant links?

Back 24

Spanning Tree Protocol

Front 25

Cisco Meraki switches?

Back 25

They are cloud-managed access switches that enable virtual stacking of switches

Front 26

In which situation would a network administrator install a Cisco Nexus Series or Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series switch to promote infrastructure scalability?

Back 26

on a data center network to provide expansion and transport flexibility

Front 27

Why would a network administrator issue the show cdp neigbors command on a router?

Back 27

to display device ID and other information about directly connected Cisco devices

Front 28

What is a characteristic of in-band device management?

Back 28

It is used to monitor and make configuration changes to a network device over a network connection.