Ccna Chapter 1 Exam Review

Front 1

Bridge

Back 1

Theterm bridging was introduced before routers and switches wereimplemented, so it’s pretty common to hear people referring toswitches as bridges. That’s because bridges and switches basicallydo the same thing—break up collision domains on a LAN.

Front 2

Describea Hub

Back 2

Ahub is really a multiple-port repeater. A repeater receives a digitalsignal, re-amplifies or regenerates that signal, then forwards thesignal out the other port without looking at any data. A hub does thesame thing across all active ports: any digital signal received froma segment on a hub port is regenerated or re-amplified andtransmitted out all other ports on the hub.

Front 3

Describethe functions of a switch

Back 3

acomputer networking device that connects devices together on acomputer network, by using packet switching to receive, process andforward data to the destination device

Front 4

ErrorCorrection:

Back 4

Preformedat the Transport Layer

Front 5

ErrorDetection:

Back 5

Preformedat the Data-Link Layer with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)

Front 6

FlowControl

Back 6

Itsjob is to ensure data integrity at the Transport layer by allowingapplications to request reliable data transport between systems. Flowcontrol prevents a sending host on one side of the connection fromoverflowing the buffers in the receiving host. Reliable datatransport employs a connection-oriented communications sessionbetween systems

Front 7

ICMP

Back 7

TheInternet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is one of the main protocolsof the internet protocol suite. It is used by network devices, likerouters, to send error messages indicating, for example, that arequested service is not available or that a host or router could notbe reached.

Front 8

IEEE

Back 8

IEEEis an organization composed of engineers, scientists, and students.The IEEE is best known for developing standards for the computer andelectronics industry. In particular, the IEEE 802 standards forlocal-area networks are widely followed.

Front 9

LLC

Back 9

LogicalLink Control: Defined by the IEEE, the higher of two Data Link layersublayers. LLC is responsible for error detection (but notcorrection), flow control, framing, and software-sublayer addressing.The predominant LLC protocol, IEEE 802.2, defines both connectionlessand connection-oriented operations.

Front 10

MAC

Back 10

Defineshow packets are placed on the media. Contention media access is“first come/first served” access where everyone shares the samebandwidth—hence the name. Physical addressing is defined here aswell as logical topologies. What’s a logical topology? It’s thesignal path through a physical topology. Line discipline, errornotification (but not correction), the ordered delivery of frames,and optional flow control can also be used at this sublayer.

Front 11

PDUEncapsulation

Back 11

(B,F,P,S)Thetechnique used by layered protocols in which a layer adds headerinformation to the protocol data unit (PDU) from the layer above. Forexample, in Internet terminology, a packet would contain a headerfrom the Data Link layer, followed by a header from the Network layer(IP), followed by a header from the Transport layer (TCP), followedby the application protocol data.

Front 12

Physicaladdressing

Back 12

MacAddress

Front 13

TCPHandshake

Back 13

Termused in a TCP session to define how a virtual circuit is set up. Itis called a three-way handshake because it uses three data segments.

Front 14

VirtualCircuit

Back 14

Alogical circuit devised to assure reliable communication between twodevices on a network. Defined by a virtual path identifier/virtualchannel (really only the time “channel” is used) identifier(VPI/VCI) pair, a virtual circuit can be permanent (PVC) or switched(SVC). Virtual circuits are used in Frame Relay and X.25. Known asvirtual channel in ATM.

Front 15

7 Layers of the OSI model from bottom to top

Back 15

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data-Link

Physical

Front 16

What is the function of the Application Layer?

Back 16

File,print, message, database, and application services

Front 17

What is the function of the Presentation layer?

Back 17

Dataencryption, compression, and translation services

Front 18

What is the function of the Session layer?

Back 18

Dialogcontrol

Front 19

What is the function of the Transport layer?

Back 19

End-to-endconnection

Front 20

What is the function of the Network layer?

Back 20

Routing

Front 21

What is the function of the Data-Link layer?

Back 21

Framing

Front 22

What is the function of the Physical layer?

Back 22

PhysicalTopology

Front 23

Whatcauses LAN congestion?

Back 23

Multi-casting

Front 24

Whatdoes the OSI model do for networking?

Back 24

Datatransfer between disparate hosts running different operating systems,like Unix hosts, Windows machines, Macs, smartphones, and so on.

Front 25

Describethe difference between a collision domain and a broadcast domain.

Back 25

Collisiondomain is an Ethernet term used to describe a network collection ofdevices in which one particular device sends a packet on a networksegment, forcing every other device on that same segment to payattention to it. With a broadcast domain, a set of all devices on anetwork hear all broadcasts sent on all segments.

Front 26

Whatis P A R?

Back 26

Positiveacknowledgment and re transmission (tcp)

Front 27

What is Windowing

Back 27

Thesize of the window controls how much information is transferred fromone end to the other before an acknowledgement is required