Ccna - Chapter 2

Front 1

channel

Back 1

A communication path over a medium used to transport information from a sender to a receiver.

Front 2

segmentation

Back 2

In TCP, the process of taking a large chunk of data and breaking it into small-enough pieces to fit within a TCP segment without breaking any rules about the maximum amount of data allowed in a segment.

Front 3

multiplexing

Back 3

A process where multiple digital data streams are combined into one signal.

Front 4

switch

Back 4

In Ethernet, a Layer 2 device that receives an electrical signal in one port, interprets the bits, and makes a filtering or forwarding decisions about the frame. If it forwards, it sends a regenerated signal.

Front 5

end device

Back 5

A device such as a desktop or mobile device that is used by an end user.

Front 6

host

Back 6

A network device that has an IPv4 address assigned to it to communicate over a network.

Front 7

client

Back 7

A network device that accesses a service on another computer remotely by accessing the network.

Front 8

host address

Back 8

IPv4 address of a network host. They are the network layer addresses.

Front 9

physical address

Back 9

A data link layer address, for example, a MAC address.

Front 10

intermediary device

Back 10

A device that connects end devices to the network or interconnects different networks. A router is an example.

Front 11

encoding

Back 11

A message referring to the way data is converted to patterns of electrical, light, or electromagnetic energy and carried on the medium.

Front 12

local-area network (LAN)

Back 12

A network created for devices located in limited geographic area, through which company owning the LAN has the right to run cables.

Front 13

internet service provider (ISP)

Back 13

A company that helps create the internet by providing connectivity to enterprises and individuals, as well as interconnecting to others to create connectivity.

Front 14

protocols

Back 14

A written specification that defines what tasks a service or device should perform. Each rule defines messages, often in the form of headers, plus the rules and processes by which these messages are used to achieve some stated purpose.

Front 15

protocol suite

Back 15

A delineation of networking protocols and standards into different categories, called layers, along with definitions of which sets of standards and protocols need to be implemented to create products that can be used to create a working network.

Front 16

institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE)

Back 16

An international, nonprofit organization for the advancement of technology related to electricity. This organization maintains the standards in defining many LAN protocols.

Front 17

internet engineering task force (IETF)

Back 17

The standards body responsible for the development and approval of TCP/IP standards.

Front 18

layered model

Back 18

A model that consist of multiple layers that enable the development and explanation of technology to be done on a modular basis. This allows interoperability among different technologies among the different layers.

Front 19

transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP)

Back 19

A network model defined by the IETF that has been implemented on most computers and network devices in the world.

Front 20

encapsulation

Back 20

The process by which a device adds networking headers and trailers to data from an application for eventual transmission of the data onto one transmission medium.

Front 21

decapsulation

Back 21

A process by which an end device, after it receives data over some transmission medium, examines the headers and trailers at each successive higher layer, eventually handing the data to the correct application.

Front 22

protocol data unit (PDU)

Back 22

A generic term from OSI that refers to the data, headers, and trailers about which a particular networking layer is concerned.

Front 23

segment

Back 23

Name for the transport layer PDU.

Front 24

frame

Back 24

network access layer PDU, layer 2, encoded by data link layer protocol for digital transmission.

Front 25

open system interconnection (OSI)

Back 25

International standardization program created by ISO and ITU-T to develop standards for data networking that facilitate multi-vendor equipment interoperability.

Front 26

international organization for standardization (ISO)

Back 26

An international standards body that defines many networking standards. Also, the standards body that created the OSI model.

Front 27

port

Back 27

The transport layer, layer 4, adds these numbers to its segment header information to ensure that the destination host knows which application process is to receive the packet.