Casa Atpl Human Factors

Front 1

Recommended ground time after donating blood?

Back 1

24 hrs

Front 2

What condition is caused by excessive uric acid in the blood and can be aggrevated by poor diet?

Back 2

Gout

Front 3

What is pressure vertigo?

Back 3

Dizziness caused by pressure build up in the middle ear. Accociated with a cold.

Front 4

Too much salt in the diet can lead to ?

Back 4

High Blood pressure

Front 5

Not enough iron in the diet can lead to?

Back 5

Anaemia

Front 6

What is anaemia?

Back 6

a condition in which there is a deficiency of red cells or of haemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness.

Front 7

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is closely linked to?

Back 7

Heart disease

Front 8

On a hot day how much water can the body lose?

Back 8

Up to 5 litres

Front 9

Hearing loss from age is usually noticed first in which frequency range?

Back 9

High frequencies

Front 10

What is myopia?

Back 10

Short sightedness

Front 11

What is hypermetropia?

Back 11

Long sightedness

Front 12

If suffering from heat stress you should?

Back 12

Drink more water than dictated by thirst alone.

Front 13

What is apathy?

Back 13

lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern.

Front 14

Ideal relative humidity for passenger comfort?

Back 14

40-60%

Front 15

During decent with blocked eustachian tubes, the gas volume in the middle ear will? Increase, decrease or remain constant?

Back 15

Decrease

Front 16

Lowest environmental temperature at which symptoms of heat stress are likely to occur?

Back 16

32°c

Front 17

Hyperventilation is likely to result in?

Back 17

Change in acidity of the blood caused by a drop in carbon dioxide levels.

Front 18

At 18,000 ft ambient atmospheric pressure is approximately?

Back 18

Half of its sea level value

Front 19

A common side effect of antihistamines is?

Back 19

Drowsiness

Front 20

What is decompression sickness?

Back 20

Release of dissolved nitrogen from the blood during rapid ascent from deep water.

Front 21

What kind of scuba dive only requires 4 hrs wait before flying?

Back 21

Did not require decompression stops.

Front 22

What kind of scuba dive requires 12 hrs wait before flying?

Back 22

Did require decompression stops but was less than 4 hrs duration.

Front 23

What kind of scuba dive requires 48 hrs wait before flying?

Back 23

Did require decompression stops and was longer than 4 hrs.

Front 24

After heavy drinking deteriorated physical and mental performance can still persist for how long?

Back 24

Up to 24 hrs

Front 25

Alcohol can still be detected in the brain for how many hours after ingestion?

Back 25

24hrs

Front 26

How long can alcohol be detected in the blood after ingestion?

Back 26

14 hrs

Front 27

A tingling or numbness in the hands and feet might be accociated with?

Back 27

Hyperventilating

Front 28

What is cyanosis?

Back 28

a bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.

Front 29

Upper limit of intake of weekly drinks is?

Back 29

28 for men and 21 for women

Front 30

Recommended time before flying after having sleeping pills?

Back 30

24 hrs

Front 31

What are analgesics?

Back 31

Pain relievers like paracetamol and asprin

Front 32

At what hearing levels can permanent hearing damage occur?

Back 32

Regular exposure to 85 db and above

Front 33

What is empty field myopia?

Back 33

When the eyes focus rests at a distance of 1-2 meters.

Front 34

What is astigmatism?

Back 34

Irregularities in the cornea and or lens causing distortion to parts of the image.

Front 35

What is presbyopia?

Back 35

Related to ageing, lens becomes less flexible, focus on nearby objects becomes difficult.

Front 36

With out supplemental oxygen, at what height can night vision begin to degrade?

Back 36

As low as 4000 ft

Front 37

Max distance a healthy eye in good light and contrast could identify a circle one metre in diameter?

Back 37

Approx 2 miles

Front 38

What is the saccade rest cycle?

Back 38

Moving the head 10 - 15 degrees at a time with a pause between to allow the periheral vision to detect any movement.

Front 39

Heavy rain on the windscreen may make objects appear?

Back 39

Further away than they really are.

Front 40

Light is focused onto the retina by?

Back 40

The cornea and the lens

Front 41

What is a Somatigravic Illusion?

Back 41

Brain perceiving acceleration as a climb.

Front 42

What is an Autokinetic Illusion?

Back 42

When a single spot of lights appears to be moving due to small movements of the eye but the light isn’t moving.

Front 43

What is a Graveyard Spiral?

Back 43

Aircraft enters a slight turn that goes unnoticed due to the turns gentle entry which isn’t enough to let the semi-circular canals sense the turn. The turn steepens until a spiral dive is initiated.

Front 44

What is the Coriolis Illusion?

Back 44

Large head movements can confuse the canals of movements in different planes other than their own. Gives feeling of tumbling, often occurs during turns with large head movements.

Front 45

In misty conditions will objects appear closer or further away?

Back 45

Closer

Front 46

What is proprioceptive?

Back 46

Messages to the brain via muscles and joints.

Front 47

What is Vestibular?

Back 47

The inner ear (Semi-circular Canals + Otolith Organs)

Front 48

Will a narrow runway create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 48

High

Front 49

Will a longer runway create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 49

High

Front 50

Will a clear day/night create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 50

High

Front 51

Will brighter runway lights create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 51

High

Front 52

Will an approach over water create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 52

High

Front 53

Will a wide runway create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 53

Low

Front 54

Will a shorter runway create the illusion of being high or low on approach?

Back 54

Low

Front 55

Likely sustained G-Load that would bring about Grey out?

Back 55

3.5G

Front 56

Likely sustained G-Load that would bring about Black out?

Back 56

5G

Front 57

Likely sustained G-Load that would bring about G-LOC?

Back 57

Greater than 5G

Front 58

During positive G does the heart rate increase or decrease?

Back 58

Increase, the opposite occurs during negative G

Front 59

What is the composition of the atmosphere?

Back 59

78% Nitrogen, 20% Oxygen and 2% others

Front 60

At what height does it become necessary to breathe 100% oxygen?

Back 60

33700 ft

Front 61

Effective performance time for pilots at 20,000ft, 25,000ft and 30,000 ft without oxygen?

Back 61

10 mins, 3 mins and 1 min respectively

Front 62

Effective performance time for pax at 20,000ft, 25,000ft and 30,000 ft without oxygen?

Back 62

20 mins, 5 mins and 3 mins respectively

Front 63

How long are visuals stored in the sensory memory?

Back 63

1/2 to 1 sec

Front 64

How long are audibles kept in the sensory memory?

Back 64

4 - 8 secs

Front 65

How much info can the short term memory hold and for how long?

Back 65

About 7 items for about 30 secs

Front 66

The 3 types of memory that make up long term memory?

Back 66

Episodic, semantic and motor skills

Front 67

The 3 types of memory?

Back 67

Sensory, short term and long term

Front 68

What is confirmation bias?

Back 68

Tendency to choose the evidence that best coinsides with the outcome we prefer, thereby ignoring the evidence that may prove otherwise.

Front 69

What is Risky Shift?

Back 69

A group is more likely to take more risks as a group then would have had they been alone.

Front 70

Name given to short-term stress?

Back 70

Acute Stress

Front 71

Name given to long-term stress?

Back 71

Chronic Stress

Front 72

What is narcolepsy?

Back 72

Inability to prevent suddenly falling asleep.

Front 73

What is sleep apnoea?

Back 73

Frequent waking during sleep due to not breathing.

Front 74

Name given to the inability to get to sleep?

Back 74

Insomnia

Front 75

How quickly does the body adjust to a newtime zone?

Back 75

1 - 1 1/2 hrs per day

Front 76

What direction of travel is less of a problem to jet lag?

Back 76

West

Front 77

How many hrs is our body clock on?

Back 77

25

Front 78

The 3 phases of stress?

Back 78

Alarm - fight or flight

Resistance - acceptance

Collapse - giving in to the situation

Front 79

In regards to transmeridian dyschronism, does going east require the body to advance or delay?

Back 79

Advance

Front 80

The 3 phases of the bodies adaptation to stress?

Back 80

alarm, resistance and collapse

Front 81

5 situations where false hypothesis are most likely to occur?

Back 81

- High expectancy

- Diverted attention

- Following periods of high concentration

- Effects of motor memory

- Environmental capture

Front 82

What is environmental capture?

Back 82

When a particular action or motor skill is always associated with a certain phase of flight. saying checked items while turning final but not actually checking them.

Front 83

With an auto pilot engaged a pilots performance and vigilance will be reduced due boredom in how long?

Back 83

30 mins

Front 84

The human body is capable of withstanding decelerations of how many Gs?

Back 84

20Gs for up to 200 milliseconds

Front 85

TEM - What 3 sub groups can threats be classified into?

Back 85

External

Internal

Latent

Front 86

TEM - What 3 subgroups can External Threats be broken into?

Back 86

Anticipated

Unexpected

Latent

Front 87

What is an external threat?

Back 87

Originating from outside the pilot.

Front 88

What is an Internal Threat?

Back 88

Relates to the person of the pilot or crew. Inside the pilot.

Front 89

What is a Latent Threat?

Back 89

Usually not noticed till after the incident. Unexpected. Eg. Poor cockpit design, inadequate maintenance.

Front 90

An unexpected threat is best managed by?

Back 90

A high level of practice and training.

Front 91

What is a threat?

Back 91

- situation or event with the potential to negatively impact the safety of a flight.

- Any influence that promotes pilot error.

- Anything that causes variation to a 'perfect flight'.

- Everyday difficulties and problems.

Front 92

What is TEM?

Back 92

Mindset that enhances the identification of threats, minimises the opportunity for error and resolves those errors when they occur.

Front 93

What is an error?

Back 93

Flight crew actions or inactions that lead to a deviation from crew or organisational intentions.

Front 94

The four types of errors?

Back 94

-Handling errors

-Procedural errors

-Communication errors

-Committed errors

Front 95

What are procedural errors?

Back 95

Incorrect following of procedures. Eg. Failure to fly a right hand cct when required by ERSA or not stopping at a holding point.

Front 96

What are Communication Errors?

Back 96

Errors relating to mostly speech. Eg. Poor radio, accents, non standard phraseology.

Front 97

What is Committed Error?

Back 97

When the pilot is expecting a certain situation and is ready with an appropriate response, however the situation may vary from the expected and the response prepared is incorrect.

Front 98

In terms of frequency and nature, errors can be broken into 3 classifications that are?

Back 98

-Systematic

-Random

-Sporadic

Front 99

A Systematic Error is?

Back 99

Where the same error occurs consistently. Eg. Cct flown well but always flares high.

Front 100

A Random Error is?

Back 100

Where many errors occur. Eg. Sometimes approach high sometimes low, sometimes wide cct, sometimes close. Usually the result of the pilot not grasping the basic principles.

Front 101

A Sporadic Error is?

Back 101

Where all elements are performed to standard almost all the time but occasionally a serious error is made during a sequence that is most often to standard.

Front 102

A pilots vigilance decreases markedly after how long?

Back 102

30 mins

Front 103

What is meant by Systemic Countermeasures?

Back 103

Aircraft systems,eg. Stall warnings, GPWS.

Front 104

What is meant by Review Countermeasures?

Back 104

Monitoring progress of the flight, modifying plans if necessary. How are we doing?

Front 105

Difference between an error and a UAS?

Back 105

Eg. Failure to apply carb heat during glide approach = Error

The resultant reduction in safety margin = UAS

Error is something the PILOT did wrong.

UAS is the result of it

Front 106

The three circles model of leadership shows attention between what areas?

Back 106

Individual, Team and Task

Front 107

Minimum noise level which will cause physical pain?

Back 107

140db

Front 108

Normal sea level pressure is doubled at what depth in water?

Back 108

33ft

Front 109

Carbon monoxide is dangerous because?

Back 109

It displaces oxygen from the red blood cells

Front 110

Oxygen is transported around the body in the blood by?

Back 110

Haemoglobin

Front 111

Susceptibility to hypoxia will be increased by a cold environment, true or false?

Back 111

True

Front 112

A motor program is most likely to have a problem at what stage?

Back 112

Initiation

Front 113

The ideal arousal for a pilot prior to completing a flight proficiency check?

Back 113

Moderate

Front 114

The most beneficial stress management strategy is a threefold approach involving modification or use of?

Back 114

Behaviour, attitudes and fitness

Front 115

Factors that influence attitude?

Back 115

Cognitive - Belief

Affective - Feeling

Behavioural - Action

Front 116

What is the comfortable range of temperature and humidity for humans?

Back 116

21°c - 27°c and 50% humidity

Front 117

Beyond what temperatures does stress due to temperature occur?

Back 117

Greater than 32°c

Below about 10°c

Front 118

What is Hypothermia?

Back 118

A condition that occurs when the body can no longer maintain its core temperature.

Front 119

What is the Valsalva manoeuvre?

Back 119

When the nose is pinched and gently blow out thus building pressure in the mouth and nasal cavity forcing air into the eustachian tube thereby equalising the pressure in the middle ear with the outside atmosphere.

Front 120

What is a UAS?

Back 120

Situation we find ourselves in that have a reduced safety margin.