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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of shock |
1. Hypovolemic shock - Hemorrhage, loss of plasma, loss of fluid/electrolytes - Results in decreased intravascular volume. 2. Cardiogenic shock - MI, dysrhythmias, heart failure, defects in the valves, HTN, myocarditis, cardiac contusion, etc. 3. Obstructive shock - Tension pneumo, pericardial tamponade, obstructive valvular disease, pulmonary problems, massive PE 4. Distributive shock 4a. Septic shock - MC - Associated w/ gram-negative sepsis in persons of extreme age, diabetes, or immunosuppressed, or invasive procedure 4b. Neurogenic shock - Spinal cord injury or epidural anesthetic |
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New York Association Functional Classification of Heart Disease? |
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Basic treatment of shock? |
- Trendelenburg position to increase blood flow to the brain - Oxygen and IV fluids - Urine should be monitored and keep outflow at least 0.5 mg/kg/hr or more - Continuous cardiac monitoring - Pressors (dopamine, others) will increase glomerular filtration rate, contractility, and heart rate. |
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What is first line therapy for chronic angina? |
Beta blockers; they prolong life in patients with CAD |
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Dressler's syndrome |
Post-MI syndrome. May occur 1-2 weeks post-MI. Pericarditis, fever, leukocytosis, and pericardial or pleural effusion |
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ECG Location and leads ML to exhibit changes: - Inferior? - Posterior? - Anteroseptal? - Anterior? - Anterolateral? |
Inferior: - II, III, aVF Posterior: - V1 and V2 Anteroseptal: - V1 and V2 Anterior: - V1, V2 V3 Anterolateral: - V4, V5, V6 |
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Myoglobin marker: - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 1 to 4 hours Peak elevation? - 6-7 hours When does it return to normal? - 24 hours Sample schedule? - Often beginning 1-2 hours after onset of chest pain |
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Cardiac troponin I: - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 3 to 12 hours Peak elevation? - 24 hours When does it return to normal? - 5 to 10 days Sample schedule? - 12 hours after onset of chest pain |
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Cardiac troponin II: - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 3 to 12 hours Peak elevation? - 12 to 28 hours When does it return to normal? - 5 to 14 days Sample schedule? - 12 hours after onset of chest pain |
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Total CK - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 3 to 5 hours Peak elevation? - 24 hours When does it return to normal? - 28 to 72 hours Sample schedule? - May not be drawn owing to many false positives; CK-MB more sensitive |
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CK-MB - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 3 to 12 hours Peak elevation? - 24 hours When does it return to normal? - 48 to 72 hours Sample schedule? - Three times, 12 hours apart |
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LDH: - Timing of initial elevation? - Peak elevation? - When does it return to normal? - Sample schedule? |
Timing of initial elevation? - 10 hours Peak elevation? - 24 to 48 hours When does it return to normal? - 10 to 14 days Sample schedule? - Once, at least 24 hours after onset of chest pain |
