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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the gold standard for cardiac imaging? |
There is no gold standard |
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What is the law of 3's in regards to classic angina pectoris? |
1) Substernal or jaw sensation 2) Precipitated by exertion or stress OR relieved by NO 3) Lasts 5-15 minutes |
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If a patient has all the classic symptoms of angina, family history of heart disease, HLD, DM, obesity, and their stress test is negative, do we rule out angina? |
No |
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Does cardiac angiogram add to predictive power of clinical diagnoses, rest test, and stress test? |
No |
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In cardiac imaging, what is better than accuracy? |
Reproducibility |
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What are 2 primary imaging techniques to observe cardiac muscle? |
- Echocardiography - Cardiac MRI |
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What secondary imaging techniques observe cardiac muscle indirectly? |
- Nuclear SPECT - CT |
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What 2 primary imaging techniques observe flow? |
- Nuclear SPECT/PET - Cardiac MRI |
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What secondary technique can also observe flow? |
Echocardiography |
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Which imaging technique is ideal for serial exams? |
Transthoracic Echocardiogram (Ultrasound) |
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What technology can allow for viewing flow in an echocardiogram? |
Doppler |
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How is the IVC seen on ultrasound? |
By putting the ultrasound scope into the stomach? |
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How is the RA pressure estimated if necks are too large to see JVP? |
View IVC by ultrasound and ask patient to collapse it by sniffing. If compliant, than JVP is reasonable. |
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What is true about a portion of cardiac muscle that lights up during nuclear scan? |
- Muscle has flow and is healthy |
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What is the pathology for a nuclear scan in which muscle is not lit up only during stress? |
Ischemia |
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What is the pathology for a nuclear scan in which muscle is not lit up in either stress or rest? |
Scar |
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What imaging technique has the highest negative predictive value of any test for CAD? |
Cardiac CT |
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What CT finding in a healthy patient can suggest the beginning of CAD? |
Calcification |
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What imaging technique is the gold standard for observing RV and LV function? |
Cardiac MRI |
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How does contrast MRI in a normal myocardium differ from ischemic myocardium or infarcted myocardium?
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Normal has high contrast absorption in a short time that decays fast. Ischemic myocardium will also absorb contrast shortly, but at a lower intensity but decay as fast as normal myocardium. Infarcted myocardium is slow to absorb contrast and decays very slowly.
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