Cardiac Embryology

Front 1

what is the first organ system to reach functional maturity

Back 1

cardiovascular

Front 2

major cardivascular development is complete by what week kof gestation

Back 2

8 weeks gestation

Front 3

what is the critical period of human heart development

Back 3

between 20-50 days gestation

Front 4

heart tube beings to beat at what day

Back 4

day 21-day 22

Front 5

what happens during the 4th week of vascular system development

Back 5

looping of vascular system

Front 6

bilaminar germ disc consists of what two layers

Back 6

ectoderm
endoderm

Front 7

trilaminar disc consists of what three layers

Back 7

ectoderm
endoderm
mesoderm

Front 8

mesoderm differentiates into

Back 8

precardiac mesoderm (precursor of most of the mature heart cells)

Front 9

precardiac cell fate is determined by

Back 9

timing and entry point through primitive streak
TGF-beta family of molecules in endoderm

Front 10

cardiogenic crescent is formed by

Back 10

precardiac mesodermal cells that migrate and join lateral plate mesoderm

Front 11

arteries and veins are derived from

Back 11

angiogenic clusters of mesoderm (blood islands)

Front 12

knockout of what gene prevents cardiovascular system development

Back 12

tinman

Front 13

morphologic organization of cardiogenic crescent

Back 13

atrium
ventricle
conotruncus
cells first distinguisable phenotypically as precardiac cells
cells destined to contribute to specific areas of mature heart are segregated to specific locations

Front 14

lateral plate mesoderm splits into

Back 14

splanchnic mesoderm
somatic mesoderm

Front 15

splanchnic mesoderm gives rise to

Back 15

precardiac cells

Front 16

somatic mesoderm gives rise to

Back 16

pericardium

Front 17

paired cardiac tubes are formed from

Back 17

myocardial and endocardial precursors

Front 18

three layers of initial paired cardiac tubes

Back 18

myocardium on outside
cardiac jelly in middle
endocardium on inside

Front 19

2 cell layers of primitive heart tube

Back 19

myocardium (outside)
endocardium (inside)

Front 20

3 cell types of primitive heart tube

Back 20

endocardial endothelial cell
atrial myocyte
ventricular myocyte

Front 21

endocardial endothelial cells form

Back 21

cushion cells (without them wont have separation between chambgers)
line surfaces of heart

Front 22

atrial myocyte

Back 22

muscle cells of atria

Front 23

ventricular myocyte

Back 23

muscle cells of ventricles
pukinge fibers

Front 24

five segments of primitive heart tube

Back 24

truncus anteriosus
outlet
inlet
atrium
sinus venosus

Front 25

five segments of primitive heart tissue

Back 25

truncus anteriosus
outlet
inlet
atrium
sinus venosus

Front 26

truncus anteriosus forms

Back 26

aorta
pulmonary artery trunks

Front 27

outlet forms

Back 27

apical right ventricle
inlet right ventricle
both outlets

Front 28

inlet forms

Back 28

apical left ventricle
inlet of left ventricle

Front 29

atrium

Back 29

atrial appendages

Front 30

sinus venosus

Back 30

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
smooth venous portions of both atria

Front 31

venus pole anchored to

Back 31

septum transversum (bottom)

Front 32

aterial pole anchored to

Back 32

ventral aoritc arches (top)