Carboxylic Acids And Esters - Ocr Chemistry

Front 1

What are carboxylic acids?

Back 1

Compounds containing the functional group -COOH.

Front 2

How do you name carboxylic acids?

Back 2

Find and name the longest alkane chain, then replace the -e suffix with -oic acid.

Front 3

How are carboxylic acid carbons numbered when naming them?

Back 3

Carbon in the Carboxyl group is carbon 1.

Front 4

What type of acids are Carboxylic Acids?

Back 4

Weak acid.

Front 5

Why are carboxylic acids very soluble in water?

Back 5

Electrons are drawn to their O atoms, so they can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Hδ+ and Oδ- on different atoms are attracted to each other.

Front 6

What is meant by a 'Weak Acid'?

Back 6

An acid that partially dissociates in water.

Front 7

What products do you get when a Carboxylic Acid reacts with a reactive metal?

Back 7

Salt + Hydrogen Gas

Front 8

What products do you get when a Carboxylic Acid reacts with a carbonate?

Back 8

Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water

Front 9

What products do you get when a Carboxylic Acid reacts with a base?

Back 9

Salt + Water

Front 10

What are esters?

Back 10

Compounds with the function group -COO-

Front 11

What are the two ways of making an ester?

Back 11

Alcohol + Carboxylic Acid, Alcohol + Acid Anhydride

Front 12

How do you name an Ester?

Back 12

The alkyl group that came from the Alcohol is the first part of the name. The second part is the carboxylic acid, with the -oic acid suffix replaced with -oate. E.g. Methyl Ethanoate, Ethyl Methanoate etc.

Front 13

What would be the name of the product from reacting Methanol with Benzoic Acid?

Back 13

Methyl Benzoate

Front 14

What is normally used as the catalyst for esterification?

Back 14

H2SO4 (Sulphuric Acid)

Front 15

Why do you need to distil the products of an Esterification Reaction?

Back 15

The reaction is reversible, so to ensure you keep the products.

Front 16

What is an Acid Anhydride?

Back 16

A molecule made from two identical carboxylic acids, connected by an ester bond.

Front 17

What catalyst is need to react an Alcohol with an Acid Anhydride?

Back 17

None.

Front 18

How do you name an Acid Anhydride?

Back 18

Take the name of the two carboxylic acids that make up it, and replace 'acid' with 'anhydride'

Front 19

What are the products for an Alcohol reacting with a Carboxylic Acid?

Back 19

Ester + H2O

Front 20

What are the products for an Alcohol reacting with an Acid Anhydride?

Back 20

Ester + Carboxylic Acid

Front 21

What are some commercial uses of esters?

Back 21

Food flavourings, Perfumes

Front 22

What are the two types of Hydrolysis of Esters?

Back 22

Acid Hydrolysis and Base Hydrolysis.

Front 23

Describe the process of Acid Hydrolysis on an Ester.

Back 23

The ester is reacted with a dilute H2SO4/HCl under reflux. This forms the Carboxylic Acid and Ester used to make up the Ester.

Front 24

Why do you need a lot of water in the Acid Hydrolysis of an Ester?

Back 24

The reaction is reversible, and so you needs lots of water to shift the equilibrium far enough to the right to prevent the ester reforming.

Front 25

Describe the process of Base Hydrolysis on an Ester.

Back 25

The ester is reacted with Aqueous NaOH under reflux. This forms a Na+ Salt and an alcohol.