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171 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tendon |
A tendon is dense, regularly arranged fibrous connective tissue organized into a small, well developed bundle. |
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Aponeurosis |
Has the same consistency of a tendon, but the fibrous tissue is arranged as a THIN SHEET of tissue |
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Ligament |
A ligament is dense fibrous connective tissue between bones |
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Cutaneus trunci |
A thin sheet of muscle that covers most of the dorsal, lateral, and ventral walls of the thorax and abdomen- no direct bony attachment |
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Superficial Pectoral Muscles: Origin |
Descending: originates from the first sternebra Transverse: Originates frome the first two or three strenebrae and surrounding raphe between muscles |
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Superficial Pectoral Muscles: Insertion |
SF Pectorals insert on the whole crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus |
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Superficial Pectoral Muscles: Action |
To adduct the limb when it is not bearing weight. To prevent abduction when it is bearing weight. |
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Superficial Pectoral Muscles: Innervation |
Cranial Pectoral Nerves, C7, C8. |
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Deep Pectoral Muscle: Origin |
The ventral part of the sternum fibrous raphe between fellow muscles The deep abdominal fascia in the region of the xiphoid cartilage (Caudal end of the sternum) |
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Deep Pectoral Muscle: Insertion |
-The Deep Pectoral inserts on the major portion partly muscular, partly tendinous on the LESSER TUBERCLE of the humerus -An APOPNEUROSIS to the GREATER TUBERCLE and its crest -The caudal part attaches to the MEDIAL BRACHIAL FASCIA
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Deep Pectoral Muscle: Action |
When the limb is advanced and fixed: to pull the trunk crainially and to extend the shoulder joint
When the limb is not supporting weight: to draw the limb caudally and flex the shoulder joint.
To Adduct the limb. |
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Deep Pectoral Muscle: Innervation |
Caudal Pectoral Nerves: C8, T1. |
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Platysma |
The best developed of the cutaneous muscles of the neck and head. Its fibers sweep cranioventrally over the dorsal part of the neck and over the lateral surface of the face. |
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Brachiocephalicus Muscle: Origin |
Clavicle or the Clavicular Intersection |
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Brachiocephalicus: Insertion |
Cleidobrachialis: the distal end of the cranial border of the humerus and axilla
Cleidocervicalis: Dorsal midline of the neck/ cranial half of the mid-dorsal fibrous raphe and sometimes to the nuchal crest of the occipital bone.
Cleidomastoideus: Mastoid process of the temporal bone |
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Brachiocephalicus Muscle: Action |
To advence the limb Extend the shoulder joint Draw the neck and head to the side |
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Brachiocephalicus Muscle: Innervation |
Accessory Nerve Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerve |
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Sternocephalicus Muscle: Origin |
The first sternebra or manubrium |
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Sternocephalicus: Two parts? |
mastoid part and occipital part |
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Sternocephalicus Muscle: Insertion |
The mastoid part of the temporal bone and The nuchal crest of the occipital bone |
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Sternocephalicus Muscle: Action |
To draw the neck and head to the side |
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Sternocephalicus Muscle: Innervation |
Accessory Nerve Ventral branches of the cervical spinal nerves |
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Sternohyoideus Muscle: Origin |
The first sternebra and the first costal cartilage |
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Sternohyoideus Muscle: Insertion |
The basihyoid bone |
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Sternohyoideus Muscle: Action |
To pull the tongue and larynx caudally |
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Sternohyoideus Muscle: Innervation |
Ventral branches of the cervical spinal nerves |
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Sternothyroideus Muscle: Origin |
The first costal cartilage |
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Sternothyroideus Muscle: Insertion |
The caudolateral surface of the thyroid cartilage |
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Sternothyroideus Muscle: Action |
To draw the tongue and larynx caudally |
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Sternothyroideus Muscle: Innervation |
Ventral branches of the cervical spinal nerves |
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Omotransversarius Muscle: Origin |
Transverse wing of the atlas |
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Omotransversarius Muscle: Insertion |
The distal end of the spine of the scapula |
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Omotransversarius Muscle covers up what? |
The superficial cervical lymph nodes: located cranial to the scapula |
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Omotransversarius Muscle: Action |
To advance the limb or flex the neck laterally |
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Omotransversarius Muscle: Innervation |
Accessory Nerve |
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Carotid Sheath |
The deep fascia that covers the common carotid artery, vasosympathetic nerve trunk, internal jugular vein, and tracheal lymphatic trunk |
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Supraspinous Ligament |
Connects the dorsal aspects of all vertebral spines; except the cervical spines |
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Nucal Ligament |
Composed mostly by yellow elastic fibrous tissue, extends from the spine of the first thoracic vertebra to the spine of the axis |
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Median Raphe |
A longitudinal fibrous septum between right and left eaxial muscles dorsal to the nuchal ligament. Serves as an attachment for many of the cervical muscles. |
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Trapezius Muscle: Divisions |
Cervical and Thoracic; separated by an aponeurosis |
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Trapezius Muscle: Origin |
The median raphe of the neck and the supraspinous ligament from the level of the third cervical vertebra to the level of the ninth thoracic vertebra |
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Trapezius Muscle: Insertion |
The Spine of the scapula |
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Trapezius Muscle: Action |
To elevate and abduct the forelimb |
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Trapezius Muscle: Innervation |
Accessory Nerve |
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Rhomboideus Muscle: Divisions |
R. capitas R. cervicis R. thoracis |
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Rhomboideus Muscle: Origin |
R. capitas: the nuchal crest of the occipital bone R. cervicis: the median fibrous raphe of the neck R. thoracis: the spinous processes of the first seven thoracic vertebrae |
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Rhomboideus Muscle: Insertion |
The dorsal border and adjacent muscles of the scapula |
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Rhomboideus Muscle: Innervation |
Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves |
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Latissimus Dorsi Muscle: Origin |
The thoracolumbar fascia from the spinous processes of the lumbar and last seven or eight thoracic vertebrae; a muscular attachment to the last two or three ribs. |
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Latissimus Dorsie Muscle: Insertion |
The teres major tuberosity of the humerus and the teres major tendon |
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Latissimus Dorsi Muscle: Action |
To draw the free limb caudally as in digging Flex the shoulder joint |
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Latissimus Dorsi Muscle: Innervation |
Thoracodorsal Nerve, C7 C8 T1 |
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Thoracolumbar Fascia |
Deep fascia of the trunk. Arises from the supraspinous ligament and spines of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Covers muscles of the vertebrae, ribs, and abdomen
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Serratus Ventralis Cervicis and Serratus Ventralis Thoracis Muscle: Origin |
The transverse processes of the last five cervical vertebrae and the first seven or eight ribs ventral to their middle |
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Serratus Ventralis Cervicis and Serratus Ventralis Thoracis Muscle: Insertion |
The dorsomedial third of the scapula The Serrated Face |
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Serratus Ventralis Cervicis and Serratus Ventralis Thoracis Muscle: Action |
To support the trunk Depress the scapula |
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Serratus Ventralis Cervicis and Serratus Ventralis Thoracis Muscle: Innervation |
Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and the long thoracic nerve, C7 |
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Deltoideus Muscle: Origin |
The spine and acromial process of the scapula |
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Deltoideus Muscle: Insertion |
The deltoid tuberosity |
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Deltoideus Muscle: Action |
To flex the shoulder |
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Deltoideus Muscle: Innervation |
Axillary Nerve |
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Infraspinatus Muscle: Covers up what? |
Subtendinous Synovial bursa between the tendon of insertion and the greater tubercle of the humerus. |
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What is a bursa? |
A bursa is a closed connective tissue sac containing synovial fluid, which reduces friction |
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Infraspinatus Muscle: Origin |
The infraspinous fossa |
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Infraspinatus Muscle: Insertion |
A small, circumscribed area on the lateral side of the greater tubercle of the humerus |
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Infraspinatus Muscle: Action |
Extend or Flex the joint: depending on the degree of extension or position of the joint when the muscle contracts.
Abduct the shoulder Rotate the shoulder laterally Prevent medial rotation when bearing weight Provides lateral stability to the shoulder joint |
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Infraspinatus Muscle: Inervation |
Suprascapular Nerve |
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Teres Minor Muscle: Origin |
The infraglenoid tubercle Distal third of the caudal border of the scapula |
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Teres Minor Muscle: Insertion |
The teres minor tuberosity of the humerus |
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Teres Minor Muscle: Action |
Flex the shoulder Rotate the shoulder laterally When bearing weight, prevent medial rotation |
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Supraspinatus Muscle: Origin |
The supraspinous fossa |
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Supraspinatus Muscle: Insertion |
The greater tubercle of the humerus, by a thick tendon |
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Supraspinatus Muscle: Action |
To extend and stabilize the shoulder joint |
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Supraspinatus Muscle: Innervation |
Suprascapular Nerve |
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Subscapularis Muscle: Origin |
The subscapular fossa |
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Subscapularis Muscle: Insertion |
The lesser tubercle of the humerus |
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Subscapularis Muscle: Action |
-adduct the shoulder joint -extend the shoulder joint -medially stabilize the shoulder joint -laterally stabilize the teres minor and infraspinatus -Cranially stabilize the supraspinatus |
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Teres Major Muscle: Origin |
The caudal angle and adjacent caudal border of the scapula; the caudal surface of the subscapularis |
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Teres Major Muscle: Insertion |
The teres major tuberosity of the humerus |
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Teres Major Muscle: Action |
Flex Shoulder Rotate Shoulder medially When bearing weight, prevents lateral rotation |
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Coracobrachialis Muscle: Origin |
The coracoid process of the scapula |
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Coracobrachialis Muscle: Insertion |
The crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus; proximal to the teres major tuberosity |
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Coracobrachialis Muscle: Action |
adduct the shoulder joint extend the shoulder joint stabilize the should joint |
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Coracobrachialis Muscle: Innervation |
Musculocutaneous Nerve |
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Tensor Fasiae Antebrachii Muscle: Origin |
The fascia covering the lateral side of the latissimus dorsi muscle |
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Tensor Fasiae Antebrachii Muscle: Insertion |
The olcranon |
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Tensor Fasiae Antebrachii Muscle: Action |
Extend the ELBOW |
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Tensor Fasiae Antebrachii Muscle: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Long Head origin |
The caudal border of the scapula |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Long Head insertion |
The olecranon tuber |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Long Head Action |
extend the elbow flex the shoulder |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Long Head Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Lateral Head Origin |
The tricipital Line of the Humerus |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Lateral Head Insertion |
The olecrannon tuber |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Lateral Head Action |
To extend the elbow |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Lateral Head Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Accessory Head Origin |
The neck of the humerus |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Accessory Head Insertion |
The olecranon tuber |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Accessory Head Action |
extend the elbow |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Accessory Head Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Medial Head Origin |
The crest of the lesser tubercle near the teres major tuberosity |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Medial Head Insertion |
The olecrannon |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Medial Head Action |
extend the elbow |
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Triceps Brachii Muscle: Medial Head Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Aconeus Muscle: Origin |
The lateral supracondylar crest of the lateral and medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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Aconeus Muscle: Innervation |
The lateral surface of the proximal end of the ulna (the olecranon) |
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Aconeus Muscle: Action |
extend the elbow |
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Aconeus Muscle: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Tansverse Humeral Retinaculum: |
A band of fibrous tissue that joins the greater and lesser tubercles and holds the tendon of origin in the intertubercular groove. An extension of the shoulder joint capsule, the intertubercular bursa acts as a synovial sheath for this tendon |
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Biceps Brachii Muscle: Origin |
The supraglenoid tubercle |
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Biceps Brachii Muscle: Insertion |
The ulnar and radial tuberosities |
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Biceps Brachii Muscle: Action |
flex the elbow extend the shoulder |
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Biceps Brachii Muscle: Innervation |
Musculocutaneous Nerve |
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Brachiallis Muscle: Origin |
The proximal third of the lateral surface of the humerus |
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Brachiallis Muscle: Insertion |
The ulnar and radial tuberosities |
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Brachialis Muscle: Action |
flex the elbow |
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Brachialis Muscle: Innervation |
Musculocutaneous nerve |
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deep antebrachial fascia |
a single dense sleeve for the muscles of the forearm on the caudal surface |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Muscle: origin |
The lateral supracondylar crest |
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Extensor Retinaculum |
a transversely oriented condensation of carpel fascia that aids in holding in grooves all the tendons that cross the dorsum of the carpus |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis: Insertion |
The small tuberosities on the dorsal surfaces of the base of metacarpels 2 and 3 |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis: Action |
To extend the carpus |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Common Digital Extensor: Origin |
The lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
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Common Digital Extensor: Insertion |
The extensor processes of the distal phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V. |
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Common Digital Extensor: Action |
extend the joints of the four principal digits and the carpus |
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Common Digital Extensor: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Dorsal Ligament |
lies on each side of the common digital extensor tendon: its elasticity hyperextends the distal interphalangeal joint and thus RETRACTS the claw |
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Laterasl Digital Extensor: Origin |
The lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
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Lateral Digital Extensor: Insertion |
The proximal ends of all the phalanges of digits III, IV, and V, but mainly the extensor processes of the distal phalanges of these digits |
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Lateral digital Extensor: Action |
extends carpus extends digits III, IV, and V's joints |
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Lateral Digital Extensor: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Ulnaris Lateralis: Origin |
The lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
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Ulnaris Lateralis: Insertion |
The lateral aspect of the proximal end of metacarpal V and the accessory carpel bone |
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Ulnaris Lateralis: Action |
to abduct the carpel joint and support the carpus when extended to support weight |
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Ulnaris Lateralis: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Supinator: Origin |
The lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
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Supinator: Insertion |
The cranial surface of the proximal fourth of the radius |
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Supinator: Action |
To rotate the forearm laterally so that the palmar side of the paw is facing medially
flex elbow |
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Supinator Muscle: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Abductor digiti I longus: Origin |
The lateral border and cranial surface of the body of the ulna; the interosseous membrane |
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Abductor digiti I longus: Insertion |
the proximal end of metacarpal I |
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abductor digiti I longus: Action |
To abduct the first digit or pollex ' extend carpal joints |
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abductor digiti I longus: Innervation |
Radial Nerve |
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Pronator teres: Origin |
The medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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Pronator teres: insertion |
the medial border of the radius between the proximal and middle thirds |
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Pronator Teres: Action |
to rotate the forearm medially so that the palmar side of the paw is facing the ground
flex elbow |
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Flexor Retinaculum |
thick layer of fibrous tissue on the palmar side of the carpus |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis: Origin |
The medial epicondyle of the humerus the medial border of the radius |
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Flexor carpi radialis: Insertion |
the palmar side of the base of metacarpals II and III |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis: Action |
Flex the carpus |
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Flexor Carpis Radialis: Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Superficial Digital Flexor: Origin |
the medial epicondyle of the humerus |
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Superficial Digitial Flexor: Insertion |
The palmar surface of the base od the middle phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V. |
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Superficial Digital Flexor: Action |
To flex the carpel flex metacarpohalangeal flex proximal interphalangeal joints of digits II III IV and V |
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Superficial Digital Flexor: Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Heads |
Ulnar Head Humeral Head |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin |
Ulnar Head: the caudal border and medial surface of the olecranon Humeral Head: the medial epicondyle |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Insertion |
the accessory carpel bone |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action |
flex carpus |
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flexor carpi ulnais innervation |
ulnar nerve |
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Deep digital flexor heads |
humeral ulnar radial |
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annular digital ligaments |
support the deep digital flexor tendon proximal and distal to the palmar surface of the proximal interphalangeal joint |
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Deep Digital Flexor Origin |
humeral head: the medial epicondyle of the humerus ulnar head: the proximal three fourths of the caudal border of the ulna radial head: the middle third of the medial border of the radius |
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Deep Digital Flexor Insertion |
The flexor tubercle on the palmar surface of the distal phalanx of each digit |
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Deep Digital Flexor Action |
flex carpal joint flex metacarpophalangeal joints flex the proximal and dital interhalangeal joints of all digits! |
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Deep Digital Flexor Innervation |
Median and Ulnar Nerves |
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Pronator Quadratus: Attachments |
The apposed surfaces of the radius and ulna |
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Pronator Quadratus: Action |
To pronate the paw fills space between the ulna and radius |
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Pronator Quadratus Innervation |
Median Nerve |
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