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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alopecia
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hair loss from head or body; causes include chemotherapy and iron deficiency
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Anaplasia
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undifferentiated cell growth in a malignant neoplasms (cancerous tumors); reversion to a more primitive form, i.e. loss of structural or functional differentiation of normal cells
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Ascites
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accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity; contains a lot of proteins and electrolytes so blood protein and electrolyte levels will be off/low
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Benign
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non-cancerous; mild and nonprogressive sickness
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Cachexia
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loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight; often associated with severe disease
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Cancer
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class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth, invasion and metastasis (these 3 differentiate from benign tumors)
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Carcinogen
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agent that promotes cancer
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Carcinoma
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malignant cancer that arises from epithelial cells; skin, organ linings (breast, colon, pancreas -- basically, most of the body)
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Cryosurgery
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uses extreme cold to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue
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Dysplasia
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abnormality in maturation of cells within a tissue; typically a lot of immature cells
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Exacerbation
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increase in the seriousness of a disease marked by greater intensity of S/S displayed by patient
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Vesicant Extravasation
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leakage from IV of caustic/blister-causing agents (chemo drugs) into surrounding skin; do not flush IV access, no alcohol compresses, no occlusive dressings
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Fibroma
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benign tumors composed of fibrous or connective tissue
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Fibrocystic
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appearance of 'cobblestone' lumps in breast tissue; benign, but must be watched for change; no cure, reduce fat and caffeine intake
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Hyperplasia
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proliferation of cells beyond that which is normally seen, increased rate of cellular division
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Laser Surgery
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surgical procedure in which laser is used to excise tissue or fix tissue in place (to form adhesions)
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Lymphedema
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localized fluid retention caused by a compromised lymphatic system
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Malignant
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severe or progressively worsening disease; cancerous
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Mammography
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x-ray to examine human breast tissue to discover masses
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Metastases
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spread of disease from one place to a non-adjacent place; only malignant cells have this ability
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Myelosuppression
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bone marrow suppression; serious side-effect of chemo, risk is especially high in chemotherapy for leukemia; NSAIDs may also cause
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Neoplasia
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abnormal proliferation of cells, resulting in a neoplasm
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Neoplasm
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abnormal mass of tissue, the growth of which exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of the normal tissues
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Oncofetal Antigens
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proteins which are typically only present during fetal development but are found in adults with certain kinds of cancer (typically GI cancers)
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Oncology
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medical branch that study cancer or malignancy
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Palliative
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therapy that concentrates on reducing severity of disease symptoms, reduces suffering and tries to increase quality of life; not a cure
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Proliferation
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to grow by rapid reproduction of cells
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Radioactive Isotope
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atom with unstable nucleus used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis, treatment and research
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Remission
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state of absence of disease activity in patients with known chronic illness
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Sarcoma
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cancer of the connective or supportive tissue (bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels) and soft tissue; very rare
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Teratoma
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type of neoplasm; formation of tissue type where it is not normally found; contains components of all 3 germ layers
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Teratogenic
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agent that interferes with normal prenatal development, possibly leading to birth defects such as cleft lip
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