Cah Key Terms

Front 1

Lend Lease Act

Back 1

(1941 by FDR) An arrangement for the transfer of war supplies, including food, machinery, and services to nations whose defense was considered vital to the defense of the United States in World War II. Pg 656
Ex. - USA gave old destroyers to Britain and also helped Russia and helped supply China fight the Japanese
WHY: reelection, those countries were vital to US

Front 2

Holocaust

Back 2

The systematic murder of millions of European Jews and others deemed undesirable by Nazi Germany. Pg 676
- Hitler wanted to “cleanse” Europe
- America, France, and England form temporary alliance with Soviet Russia against the Nazi party.

Front 3

Winston Churchill

Back 3

British prime minister during the second world war. Part of the “Big three” allied leaders. Helped devise Operation Overlord and Operation Torch (which was his idea, move through Africa)

Front 4

Operation Overlord

Back 4

United States, Canadian and British invasion of France in June 1944 during World War II. Commonly known as D-Day. Pg 672 (successful)
WHY: general Eisenhower, in command dealing with French (de Gaulle), british and Americans expectations.

Front 5

Yalta Conference

Back 5

Meeting of U.S. President FDR, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin held in February 1945 to plan the final stages of World War II and postwar arrangements. Pg 677
WHY: spheres of influence; RUSSIA-baltic states, eastern Poland an east Europe. UK-british empire in Asia. USA-Pacific islands to check Japanese.

Front 6

C.I.A.

Back 6

(Central Intelligence Agency) Agency established in 1947 that coordinates the gathering and evaluation of military and economic information on other nations. Pg 693. Product of National Security Act that further supported Cold War mentality.

Front 7

Marshall Plan

Back 7

Secretary of State George C. Marshall's European Recovery Plan of June 5, 1947, committing the United States to help in the rebuilding of post-World War II Europe. Pg 688

Front 8

N.A.T.O.

Back 8

Organization of ten European countries plus Canada and the United States whom together formed a mutual defense pact in April 1949. pg 690

Front 9

Truman Doctrine

Back 9

Harry S Truman's statement in 1947 that the United States should assist other non communist nations facing external pressure or internal revolution, and stop spread of Communism. (Domino Effect/Theory) Pg 688

Front 10

Cuban Missile Crisis

Back 10

Crisis between the Soviet Union and the United States over the placement of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. Pg 732

Front 11

N.A.S.A.

Back 11

(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Federal agency created in 1958 by Kennedy to manage American space flights and exploration. Pg 730, Established in reaction to Sputnik 1 and as a result of Kennedy’s efforts to increase government spending to stimulate the economy.

Front 12

Limited Nuclear Test Ban

Back 12

Treaty signed by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union, outlawing nuclear testing in the atmosphere, in outer space, and under water. Pg. 733

Front 13

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Back 13

Federal legislation that outlawed discrimination in public accommodation and employment on the basis of race, skin color, sex, religion, or national origin Pgs. 756-757, 782

Front 14

Civil Disobedience

Back 14

The active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power.

Front 15

Freedom Summer

Back 15

Voter registration effort in rural Mississippi, organized by Black and White Civil Rights workers in 1964 Pgs. 757-758

Front 16

Voting Rights Act

Back 16

Legislation in 1965 that overturned a variety of practices by which states systematically denied voter registration to minorities Pgs. 756, 759-762, 782

Front 17

Counterculture

Back 17

various alternatives to mainstream values and behaviors that became popular during the 1960s, including experimentation with psychedelic drugs, communal living, a return to the land, Asian religions, and experimental art. Pgs. 777-778

Front 18

Black Panthers

Back 18

Political and Social movement among Black Americans, founded in Oakland, CA, in 1966 and emphasizing black economic and political power. Pg. 738

Front 19

Pentagon Papers

Back 19

Classified Defense Department documents on the history of the United States’ involvement in Vietnam, prepared in 1968 and leaked to the press in 1971. Revealed how leaders deceived public and Congress in conduct of US in Southeast Asia. Pg. 799

Front 20

War on Poverty

Back 20

Johnson’s programs between 1963 and 1966 designed to break the cycle of poverty by providing funds for job training, community development, nutrition, and supplementary education Pgs. 774, 780-784

Front 21

Vietnam War

Back 21

Highly controversial war, you guys know the drill. Pgs: Well, let’s be serious. Open your textbook. read any pages in between the mid 700s to mid 800s. Done.

Front 22

Strategic Arms L.T.

Back 22

The first SALT treaty was signed in 1972 by US and Soviet Union to slow nuclear arms race during Nixon administration. First success at arms control since beginning of cold war and a major public relations victory for both leaders. Pg. 798

Front 23

Watergate

Back 23

Wire tapping of the Watergate hotel ended Nixon’s presidency (he resigned) They tried to cover up a scandal (that movie we watched once). Also it was a gate with a bunch of water in front of it. ← true. Also remember Dustin Hoffman? He’s chill. Pgs. 799-800

Front 24

AIDS

Back 24

(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome), devastating pandemic during the 60’s that affected a large amount of people both in the U.S, and the rest of the world. Typically spread through sex or shared use of syringes. Pg. 822

Front 25

Americans With Disabilities Act

Back 25

An act that required employers to provide access to their facilities for qualified employees with disabilities. Pg. 827

Front 26

Camp David Accords

Back 26

Agreement signed by Israel in Egypt in 1978 that set the formal terms for peace in the Middle East. Preceded by the work of president Carter with th Egyptian and Israeli leaders. Pgs. 810-811

Front 27

E.P.A.

Back 27

(Environmental Protection Agency)- federal agency created in 1970 by Nixon to oversee environmental monitoring and cleanup programs. ← remember, they put the bubble over Springfield Pgs. 794, 809

Front 28

Department of Homeland Security

Back 28

Cabinet-level department created by the Bush Administration to manage U.S. security. Pg. 846

Front 29

Internet

Back 29

The system of interconnected computers and servers that allows the exchange of email, posting of Web sites, and other means of instant communication and widely distributed content. Mostly comprised of cat videos and people who want to shove their ideas down your throat.. Pgs. 839-840

Front 30

Multiculturalism

Back 30

people taking pride in their heritages and standing up for themselves and their beliefs

Front 31

N.A.F.T.A.

Back 31

North American Free Trade Agreement: an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years

Front 32

Silicon Valley

Back 32

The region of California including San Jose and San Francisco that holds the nation’s greatest concentration of electrical firms.

Front 33

World Trade Organization

Back 33

An international body founded in 1995 to promote international trade and economic development by reducing tariffs and other restrictions.