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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Language
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A system of communication using sounds or gestures that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of rules.
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Descriptive Linguistics
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The branch of linguistics that involves unraveling a language by recording, describing, and analyzing all of its features.
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Phonemes
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The smallest units of sound that make a difference in meaning in a language.
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Syntax
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The patterns or rules for the formation of phrases and sentences in a language.
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Kinesics
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A system of notating and analyzing postures, facial expressions, and body motions that convey messages.
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Voice Qualities
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In paralanguage, the background characteristics of a speaker's voice, including pitch, articulation, tempo, and resonance.
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Vocal Qualifiers
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In paralanguage, vocalizations of brief duration that modifiy utterances in terms of intensity. These include volume, pitch, and tempo.
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Historical Linguistics
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The branch of linguistics that studies the histories of and relationships between languages, both living and dead.
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Glottochronology
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In Linguistics, a method for identifying the approximate time that languages branced off from a common ancestor. It is based on analyzing core vocabularies.
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Creole
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A pidgin language that has become the mother tongue of society.
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Linguistics Relativity
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The proposition that language plays a fundamental role in shaping the way members of a society think and behave.
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Code Switching
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The process of changing from one language or dialect to another.
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Self-Awareness
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The ability to identify oneself as an individual creature, and to reflect, evaluate, and to react to oneself.
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Dependence Training
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Child-rearing practices that foster compliance in the performance of assigned tasks and dependence on the domestic group, rather than reliance on oneself.
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Core Values
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Those values especially promoted by a particular culture.
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Ethnic Psychoses
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Mental disorders specific to particular ethnic groups.
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Cultural Adaptation
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A complex of ideas, activities, and technologies that enable people to survive and even thrive in a certain environment
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Cultural Ecology
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The dynamic interaction of specific cultures with their environments.
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Food Foraging
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Hunting, fishing, and gathering animal and wild plant foods.
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Neolithic Revolution
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The profound culture change associated with the early domestication of plants and animals.
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Intensive Agriculture
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Crop cultivation using technologies other than hand tools, such as irrigation, fertilizers, and machinery or the wooden or metal plow pulled by harnessed draft animals.
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Preindustrial City
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The kinds of urban settlements that are characteristic of nonindustrial civilizations.
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Signals
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Instinctive sounds or gestures that have a natural or self-evident meaning.
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Phonetics
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The systematic identification and description of distinctive speech sounds in a language.
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Morphology
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In linguistics, the study of the patterns or rules of word formation in a language (including such things as rules concerning verb tense, pluralization, and compound words).
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Grammar
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The entire formal structure of a language, including morphology and syntax.
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Proxemics
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The cross-cultural study of humankind's perception and use of space.
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Vocalizations
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Identifiable paralinguistic noises that are turned on and off at perceivable and relatively shory intervals. *includes vocal characterizers, qualiviers, and segregates*
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Vocal Segregates
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In paralanguage, vocalizations that resemble the sounds of language but do not appear in sequences that can properly be called words. Sometimes called "oh oh expressions."
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Language Family
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A group of lnaguages descended from a single ancestral language.
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