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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
drug used to treat anaphylactic shock
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epinephrine
(adrenergic agonist) promotes sympathetic response |
|
metroprolol is used to treat what condition?
|
HTN
b1-adrenergic antagnoist (blocks sympathetic action) |
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most pre-ganglionic autonomic fibers are
what type of fibers? what do they release? |
CHOLINERGIC
Acetylcholine |
|
Most post-ganglionic SYMPATHETIC FIBERS are
what type of fibers? what do they release? |
NORADRENERGIC FIBERS
release NE (some sympathetic post-ganglionic fibers release dopamine) |
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Somatic motor fibers are
what type of fibers? what do they release? where do they terminate? |
CHOLINERGIC
release ACh terminate on skeletal muscle |
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what NTs are released by the adrenal medulla?
what type of nerve fiber is the adrenal medulla similar to? |
MIX of NE and EPI
similar to postganglionic sympathetic fibers |
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all postganglionic cholinergic fibers respond to ACh via what type of receptor?
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NICOTINIC
|
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resting state, most dually innervated organs are controlled by which branch of the ANS?
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PANS
(i.e. AT REST, drugs that inhibit PANS have dramatic effect, whereas drugs that inhibit SANS do not) |
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autonomic drug used for treatment of ALZHEIMER's DISEASE
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Cholinesterase inhibitors
e.g. donepezil |
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Horner's syndrome
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block in sympathetic nervous system on one side of the face:
pupillary constriction ptosis anhydrosis |
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autonomic drug useful in treating septic shock
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Norepinephrine
adrenergic agonist, useful for predominant effect on alpha-1 ARs |
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autonomic drug useful in treating benign prostatic hypertrophy
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a-adrenergic ANTAGONIST
DOXAZOSIN effective in reducing frequency and severity of symptoms by its ability to RELAX SM |
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what two adrenergic receptor signalling pathways have virtually opposite effects?
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Beta-AR and Alpha2-AR
beta-AR pathway --> + Adenylate Cyclase (increasing cAMP) Alpha 2AR pathway --> - Adenylate cylcase (decreasing cAMP production) |
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albuterol
|
beta2 adrenergic agonist
useful for the treatment of asthma |
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autonomic drug useful for the treatment of angina
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metroprolol (also useful for HTN)
b1-adrenergic ANTAGONIST |
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a1-AR pathway causes constriction/contraction of what tissues?
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blood vessels
bronchi GI sphincter uterus sphincter seminal tract iris (radial) |
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what adrenergic receptor bathway causes the relaxation of GI smooth muscle?
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alpha-2-AR
beta-1-AR |
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what is the tissue action of the beta1-AR?
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relaxation of GI smooth muscle
|
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what dilates by stimulation of the beta2-adrenergic receptors?
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blood vessels
bronchi |
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what are the tissue effects of beta2-AR signalling?
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dilation (blood vesels and bronchi)
RELAXATION of: GI sphincter uterus detrussor seminal tract ciliary muscle |
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what adrenergic receptor pathway has the most cardiovascular impact?
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beta-1-AR
increase HR increase force increase AV node firing conduction velocity |
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Which adrenergic receptor pathways effect the liver?
how? |
a1-AR: gylcogenolysis and K+ release
b2-AR: gylcogenolysis |
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Which adrenergic receptor pathways effect fat?
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b1-AR: lipolysis
|
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Which adrenergic receptor pathways effect the salivary gland?
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a1-AR: K+ release
b1-AR: amylase release |
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Which adrenergic receptor pathways effect platelets?
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a2-AR: aggregation
|
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Which adrenergic receptor pathways effect mast cells?
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b2-AR: inhibit histamine release
|
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autonomic drug used for the treatment of Heart failure
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DOPAMINE
b1-adrenergic and dopamine receptor agonist sympathomimetic promotes vasodilation and SM relaxation |
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D1 and D5 receptors
-found where? -activate what? |
post-synaptic receptors distributed in BRAIN and RENAL VASCULATURE
activate AC --> + cAMP |
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D2 receptors
-found where? -activate what? |
post-synaptic receptors located in brain and SM
act through Gi proteins to inhibit AC presynaptic receptors are found on nerve terminals and increase K+ conductance |
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D3 receptors
-found where? -axn? |
postsynaptic receptors located primarily in brain
inhibit Adenylyl cyclase |
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D4 receptors
-found where? -axn? |
postsynaptic receptors located in brain and CVS
inhibit adenylyl cyclase |
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sympathetic axn on eye happens via which receptors?
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alpha 1 = contraction of radial muscle (mydriasis)
beta 2 = relaxation of ciliary muscle (far vision) |
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sympathetic axn on heart happens via which receptors?
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predominantly beta-1=
increased HR via SV node increased contraction/conduction velocity at atria increased conduction velocity at AV node, increased contractility and vonduction velocity at ventricles |
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sympathetic axn on lung happens via which receptors?
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beta2 receptors in bronchial muscle signal relaxation
beta2 receptors in bronchial gland cause sl inhibition |
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major sympathetic action on arteries and veins occurs via which receptors?
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alpha1 and alpha 2 = CONSTRICTION
beta2 = dilation |
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in stomach and intesting which receptor(s) signal sympathetic action?
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ALPHA 1
decreases SM tone causes contraction of sphincters inhibits secretion alpha 2 and beta 1 and 2 also decrease motility and tone |
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receptor that signals sympathetic relaxation of the gallbladder
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beta2
|
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anisocoria caused by nebulizer
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parasympathetic blocker being used to treat asthma got into eye
causing increased sympathetic action on eye (pupil fixed and dilated) |