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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
scholars whose main interest was in human beings, questioned the church & clergy about its practices. They felt the church was more concerned with wealth & power than helping men find God.
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Humanists
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Erasmus, a H______ believed the Catholic Church had too much ritual & ceremony ; wealth & power
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an Italian Renaissance artist who was a master painter, sculptor, poet, & architect.
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Michelangelo Buonarroti
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produced The David, The Pieta, & painted ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
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First Renaissance scholar & Humanist to criticize the Church, claimed Catholic Clergy held too much ritual, ceremony, wealth & power.
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Erasmus
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Humanist who believed that if people were shown what was right, they would choose to live that way.
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German printer who discovered how to use moveable type for printing. First to print Bible in mass quantities, cheaper & faster
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Johannes Gutenberg
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This man used mass printing help people read the Bible in their own language
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Polish astronomer who wrote a book saying the planets & Earth revolve around the sun.
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Nicolaus Copernicus
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In 1543 he questioned Church teaching that the sun, moon, and stars revolve around Earth as center of universe
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Italian Scientist from Pisa, Italy who invented the idea of the pendulum, law of gravity, and telescope.
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Galileo Galilei
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Theorized the Earth was not the center of the universe but rather another planet revolving with its moon around the sun
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One who enjoyed art, wrote poetry, played a musical instrument, spoke & wrote Latin, trained in self-defense, used courtesy & grace, & was well educated
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Renaissance Man
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Ex. was Leonardo da Vinci
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An Italian Renaissance Genius of many fields; a painter, sculptor, architect, geologist, inventor, engineer,
& astronomer |
Leonardo da Vinci
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works include the Mona Lisa, sketchbook of inventions, anatomical drawings, engineering designs
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woman with broad intellectual interests and is accomplished in both arts & sciences
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Renaissance Woman
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sets her own agenda for personal acheivement; a winner not a whiner, a leader not a follower, a victor not a victim.
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German monk who led the reformers of the Catholic Church; in 1517 wrote a list of 95 complaints about the church & nailed it to the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany.
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Martin Luther
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Luther refused to "recant" his 95 Theses criticizing the Catholic Church which led to Lutheranism & later Protestantism
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French Protestant who set up strict rules for Christians to live by in Geneva, Switzerland.
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John Calvin
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He wrote "Institutes of the Christian Religion" & his teachings spread through Europe & to the New World
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In August 1572, French Catholics plotted to kill all French Calvinists (Hueguenots) found in Paris, France. The killing spread throughout France over several days.
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The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
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French Wars of Religion between the Catholic French and the Hueguenots (Protestant Calvinists) in which betw. 5,000-30,000 Hueguenots were murdered over several weeks across urban centers & rural areas
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formed the Society of Jesus in 1534, with members were called Jesuits whose mission was to win back Protestants to the Catholic Church. Jesuit Order was like an army & launched the Counter Reformation.
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St. Ignatious Loyola
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a Spanish soldier crippled when a cannonball hit his leg, read a book on Jesus life & developed the Order of Jesuits
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the revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries
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Renaissance
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"a rebirth" during the 1300s to 1500s of art, literatur, & learning in Europe
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a person who has learned much through study
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scholar
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great thinkers or learned people
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a concern with the needs and interests of human beings rather than religious ideas
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humanism
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people concerned with secular interests
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a wealthy person who supports artists
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patron
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a wealthy Italian, Lorenzo de' Medici was Michelangelo's
P______. |
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a person who makes statues out of wood, stone, marble, or other material
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sculptor
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Michelangelo was a s_______
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the study of stars, planets, and other heavenly bodies
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astronomy
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Copernicus and Galileo were both A__________ of the heavens
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a weight hung so that it swings freely back and forth; often used to control a clock's movement
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pendulum
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Mechanical movement of clocks required a p________ for balance & hand movements
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an explanation of how and why something happens, usually based on scientific study
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theory
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most scientific laws were once based on T______
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a change for the better
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reform
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The Protestant religion was based on r_____ of the abuses of the Catholic Church
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to speak out against or act against something
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protest
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The word Protestant came from the root word to P_______
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a person who is against the teachings of a church
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heretic
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Joan of Arc was accused of being a h_______ & witch and was burned at the stake
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