C-Spine And T-Spine From Chapter 9

Front 1

avulsion fracture of the spinous process of any vertebra C6-T-1; may see
"double spinous process sign"

Back 1

Clay shoveler's fracture

Front 2

wedge-shaped vertebral body from lateral perspective; irregular spacing from AP perspective

Back 2

Compression fracture

Front 3

fracture of the anterior C2 arch, usually also with anterior subluxation of C2 on C3

Back 3

Hangman's fracture

Front 4

bilateral offset or spreading of the lateral masses of C1 relative to the dens

Back 4

Jefferson fracture

Front 5

fracture line through base of dens, possibly extending into lateral masses or arches of C1

Back 5

Odontoid fracture

Front 6

comminuted vertebral body fragments avulsed from the anterioinferior border and fragments from the posterior vertebral body displaced into the spinal canal.

Back 6

Teardrop burst fracture

Front 7

unilateral "bow tie" deformity b/c the vertebra is rotated on its axis; bilateral "jumped" deformity b/c the entire vertebra is located more anterior than it should be

Back 7

Facets

Front 8

possible narrowing in disk spacing b/w vertebrae and protrusion of disk into the spinal canal on CT or MRI

Back 8

Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

Front 9

abnormal or exaggerated convex thoracic curvature

Back 9

kyphosis

Front 10

normal concave lumbar curvature or abnormal or exaggerated lumbar curvature

Back 10

lordosis

Front 11

Abnormal or exaggerated lateral curvature of spine

Back 11

scoliosis

Front 12

Degeneration of cartilage and formation of osteophytes (bony outgrowths)

Back 12

Osteoarthritis

Front 13

BMD(bone mineral density) loss

Back 13

Osteoporosis

Front 14

Mild kyphosis and/or scoliosis, most common involvement of thoracic spine

Back 14

Scheuermann's disease

Front 15

calcification w/ ossification, creating stiffness and lack of joint mobility.

Back 15

spondylitis ankylosing spondylitis

Front 16

this fracture results from hyperflexion of the neck and results in avulsion fractures on spinous process, best demo. on a lateral c-spine

Back 16

Clay shoveler's fracture

Front 17

often involves collapse of a vertebral body resulting from flexion or axial loading in thoracic or lumbar regions, best demo. on a lateral proj.

Back 17

Compression fracture

Front 18

occurs when the neck is subjected to extreme hyperextension, best demo. by a lateral c-spine

Back 18

Hangmans's fracture

Front 19

this comminuted fracture (splintered or crushed at site of impact) occurs b/c of axial loading, best demo. on an AP open mouth & lateral projections.

Back 19

Jefferson fracture

Front 20

joint classification & movement type of (skull C-1) Atlantooccipital

Back 20

Synovial, Ellpsoid

Front 21

joint classification & movement type of C1-C2 Rt & Lt lateral atlantoaxial (2)

Back 21

Synovial, Plane

Front 22

joint classification & movement type of C1-C2 medial atlantoaxial (1)

Back 22

Trochoid, Pivot

Front 23

joint classification & movement type of C2- T12 intervertebral

Back 23

Cartilaginous, N/A

Front 24

joint classification & movement type of zygapophyseal

Back 24

synovial, plane

Front 25

Joint classification and movement type of T1-T12 Costovertebral

Back 25

Synovial, Plane

Front 26

Joint classification and movement type of T1-T10 Costotransverse

Back 26

Synovial, Plane

Front 27

The spinal cord is enclosed and protected by the _______ & begins w/ the _____ ______

Back 27

spinal canal, medulla oblongata of the brain

Front 28

What are the 5 sections that the vertebral column is divided into

Back 28

Cervical, Thoracic, & Lumbar vertebrae, Sacrum and Coccyx

Front 29

What does concave and convex mean

Back 29

concave-rounded inward

convex-rounded outward