Business Studies - Section Two (Human Resources)

Front 1

What is an Organizational Chart & What does it show?

Back 1

Diagram showing layers of management, business functions & job roles

Front 2

Director Roles & Responsibilities?

Back 2

Elected by & accountable to shareholders, Key decision makers & authority over managers.

Front 3

Manager Roles & Responsibilities?

Back 3

Accountable to directors, authority over supervisors & general staff & Achieving objectives of owners

Front 4

Supervisors Roles & Responsibilities?

Back 4

Accountable to manager & Authority over general staff

Front 5

General staff Roles & Responsibilities?

Back 5

Accountable to Supervisors & Managers (Carrying out assigned duties)

Front 6

Chain of Command definition?

Back 6

The lines of Authority within a business

Front 7

Span of Control definition?

Back 7

The no. of employees for whom a Director/manager/supervisor is responsible

Front 8

Tall Hierarchy definition?

Back 8

Hierarchy of 6+ layers

Front 9

Flat Hierarchy definition?

Back 9

Hierarchy of 4- layers

Front 10

Delegation definition?

Back 10

Assignment of authority to others for particular functions, tasks & decisions

Front 11

Internal Organization: 4 Primary Departments?

Back 11

HR, Marketing, Finance & Production

Front 12

Role of Production department? Example?

Back 12

Manufacturing goods & providing services. E.g. Design manager

Front 13

Role of Marketing department? Example?

Back 13

Advertising & overlooking sales. E.g. Advertising (Advertiser)

Front 14

Role of Finance department? Example?

Back 14

Responsibility for administering & monitoring all financial transactions carried out by the business. E.g. Accountant

Front 15

Role of HR department? Example?

Back 15

Responsible for Employee Welfare. E.g. Training

Front 16

What is Horizontal communication?

Back 16

Communication between people of the same status in the organizational structure

Front 17

What is Upward & Downward Vertical communication?

Back 17

Communication between people of higher status & lower in the organizational structure & Vice versa

Front 18

Reasons for needing new staff?

Back 18

Expansion, Retirement, Dismissal & Promotion of previous staff

Front 19

recruitment process stages?

Back 19

1. Available position 2. Job description draw up 3. Person specification creation 4. Advertising position 5. Shortlisting 6. Interviews 7. Best choice selection

Front 20

What is Internal Recruitment? Ad & Disad?

Back 20

Recruitment of personnel within a business. Ad: Cheaper (less advertising) & Familiar with candidate. Disad: Limited choice range

Front 21

What is External Recruitment? Ad & Disad?

Back 21

Recruitment of personnel outside of a business. Ad: Candidate variety. Disad: Expensive (Advertising) & Unfamiliarity

Front 22

Job description purpose?

Back 22

States job title & outlines essential duties & responsibilities of position

Front 23

Person specification purpose?

Back 23

Detail of qualifications, experience, skills, attitudes & other features

Front 24

Advertisement purpose?

Back 24

Attraction of suitable candidates for position

Front 25

Interview purpose?

Back 25

Selection of best candidate (Usually Face-to-Face)

Front 26

What should a Contract of Employment contain?

Back 26

Contract duration, job description, salary, working hours & job title

Front 27

How does a Contract of Employment protect an Employee & Employer?

Back 27

No exploitation & protects employers when disobeyed & can show/help with Employee mistreatment

Front 28

Discrimination Acts Examples?

Back 28

Sex act, Race relations, Disability act & Equal pay act (Gender equality)

Front 29

What is Induction training & purpose?

Back 29

Training given to NEW employees when they first start a job to familiarize & introduce them to business operations/tasks & workplace

Front 30

On-the-Job training? Ad & Disad?

Back 30

Training consisting of carrying out the job & primarily centered around the workplace. Ads: Output produced, Easy organizing & Cheap. Disads: Output quality (mistakes, damage), Danger to others, Frustrating to other staff

Front 31

Off-the-Job training? Ad & Disad?

Back 31

Training away from workplace. Ad: Learning not distracted (Workplace), No personnel risk & Outside work hours (No disruption of duty). Disads: No output, difficult to organize & Some aspects unteachable outside

Front 32

Benefit & Drawback of training for Management & Employees?

Back 32

Benefit: Higher Productivity of staff - New knowledge & Skills = Efficient & effective work. Drawback: Costs time & money - training conduction etc.

Front 33

What is Motivation?

Back 33

The DESIRE to ACHIEVE a goal

Front 34

Maslows' Theory of Motivation? (Top-Bottom)

Back 34

Self-actualization (Fufilment of pursuits), Self-Esteem (Recognition & Praise), Belonging/Social, Safety (Security/Conditions) & Physiological (Pay, meals & accommodation)

Front 35

Herzberg Theory of Motivation?

Back 35

Hygiene (dissatisfaction prevention)

- Supervision quality, pay, working conditions, staff relationship & company policy

Motivators (Satisfaction provider)

- Aims achieved, Promotion, Responsibility, Interesting work, Recognition & Personal development

Front 36

Why is Motivation Important?

Back 36

Lower staff turnover (Less staff leaving), Less absences (Skiving days) & More innovation (Creativity & Ideas)

Front 37

Financial Rewards?

Back 37

Wage/Salary, Piece rates, Commission, Bonus payment, Performance-related pay, Profit sharing & Share ownership

Front 38

Wage/Salary Ad & Disad?

Back 38

Ad - Known paytime, Sense of security. Disad - Not linked to effort

Front 39

Piece rate Ad & Disad?

Back 39

Ad - Linked to effort. Disad - Quality decrease

Front 40

Commision Ad & Disad?

Back 40

Ad - Motivation to sell more. Disad - Potential bad reputation

Front 41

Bonus Payments Ad?

Back 41

Motivated staff, Linked to effort

Front 42

Performance-related pay Ad & Disad?

Back 42

Ad - Linked to effort. Disad - Unfairness of performance judgement/management

Front 43

Profit Sharing Ad & Disad?

Back 43

Ad - Encourages teamwork, more motivation. Disad- Fairness of profit share

Front 44

Share ownership Ad & Disad?

Back 44

Ad - Encourages teamwork, Motivation boost. Disad - Fairness of profit share

Front 45

Non-Financial Rewards?

Back 45

Fringe benefits (Perks other than pay), Job enrichment (More Challenge/Responsibility), Job Rotation (Changing duty/job), Team working, recognition & Praise

Front 46

Job enrichment Ad & Disad?

Back 46

Ad - Meets motivating factors. Disad - Not always applicable

Front 47

Job Rotation Ad & Disad?

Back 47

Ad - More interesting, Learning new skills. Disad - Only reduces boredom, no motivation