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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intelligence phase
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collect facts, beliefs, and ideas
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Design phase
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design the method for considering the collected data, to reduce the alternatives to a manageable number
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Choice phase
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select an alternative from the remaining choices
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Model
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a representation of reality, such as: Map: represents a geographical area; Tabletop representation of a building; Mathematical equations representing relationships among variables
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Structured problem
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one in which an optimal solution can be reached through a single set of steps
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Algorithm
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a sequence of steps to complete a task
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Parameters
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categories of data that are considered in an algorithm
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Unstructured problem
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one for which there is no algorithm that leads to an optimal solution
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Semistructured problem
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one that is neither fully structured nor totally unstructured
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Decision support system (DSS)
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a computer-based information system designed to help knowledge workers select one of many alternative solutions to a problem; Advantages include: Help increase market share, Help reduce costs, Help increase profitability, Help enhance product quality
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Data management module
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a database or data warehouse that provides data for the intelligence phase; Accesses the data; Provides a means to select data by specified criteria
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Model management module
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turns data into useful information
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Dynamically modified model
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one that is automatically adjusted based on changing relationships among variables
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A linear regression model
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is a general statistical model that is often used; Gives a best-fit linear relationship between two variables
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Dialog module
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part of a DSS that allows user interaction with the program
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Sensitivity analysis
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tests the degree to which the outcome goal grows with each factor; Indicates the relative sensitivity of the outcome to changes in a parameter
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Expert system (ES)
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emulates the knowledge of a human expert; Solves problems; Makes decisions in a relatively narrow domain
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Domain
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a specific area of knowledge
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Neural network
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a program that emulates how the human brain works
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artificial intelligence (AI)
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focuses on methods and technologies that emulate how humans learn and solve problems
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Knowledge base
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used by an ES; A collection of facts and the relationships among them; Built as a series of IF-THEN rules; Uses an inference engine
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Inference engine
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software that combines data input by the user with the data relationships
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Intelligent agent
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software that is dormant until it detects a certain event, and then performs a prescribed action
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Group decision support system (GDSS)
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Also called a group intelligence system, collaborative system, or simply a group system; Facilitates the contribution of ideas, brainstorming, and choosing promising solutions
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Geographic information system (GIS)
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a decision aid for map-related decisions; Processes location data to aid in decision making
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