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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What materials are used for building construction? X5 |
Concrete Timber Glass Stone Metals |
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Characteristics of concrete x4 |
Good compressive strength Weak tensile strength so is reinforced withbars Spalls when heated Made worse if suddenly cooled |
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Characteristics of glass x3 |
Isn't combustible Will break if temperature is raised rapidly Nowadays has a higher fire resistance |
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Characteristics of stone x3 |
Usually granite, sandstone or limestone Spalls when heated Can suddenly collapse |
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Characteristics of timber x3 |
Flaming occurs in excess of 350 degrees Has a sacrificial layer When heated the surface becomes charcoal protecting itself |
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Characteristics of metals |
Will expand when heated Usually iron, steel, aluminium, lead, copper or zinc |
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What happens when iron is heated x2 |
Weakens when heated shatters if rapidly cooled |
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What happens to steel when heated x3 |
If unprotected loses 2 thirds of strength at 600 degrees Will sag and twist leading to sudden collapse Can be protected with a cement coating or hollow protection |
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Aluminium when heated |
Loses strength at around 100-225 degrees Low melting point Sets alight at high tempertures |
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Lead copper zinc |
Lead melts at 327 degrees Cooper & zinc have a higher melting point |
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What is the definition of elements of structure? |
Parts of a building that contributes to the overall stability of the building. Damage to or failure of these parts will cause partial or sudden collapse |
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Give Examples of elements of structure x6 |
Beams Columns Floor Walls Gallery Enclosed/protected shaft |
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Explain solid constructions x3 |
Have load bearing walls Metal columns Wooden floors |
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Explain structural steel framed buildings x2 |
Made of steel beams and columns to bear the weight of floors
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Explain reinforced concrete buildings x2 |
Columns beams and floors are all reinforced All parts are rigidly cast together |
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Explain portal frames x3 |
Single storey buildings Has no columns to increase area Columns are rigidly connected to roof members |
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Explain lightweight steel frames x2 |
Single story budings Has columns and open Web steel joists Note: think of asds |
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Explain timber constructions x3 |
Can be made up to 6 floors in height Can be used to form any shape Can often withstand fire better then unprotected steel |
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Explain prefabricated or modular systems x1 |
All parts are prebuilt the fitted together |
