Bucklan Sg 2 Incisors

Front 1

1. Why are incisors important?

Back 1

a. These teeth are ideally shaped for cutting and shearing.
b. Because of their position, their aesthetic function.
c. The presence and position are important for pronunciation of many sounds.
d. They provide support for the lips, in their absence the face tends to collapse.

Front 2

2. The CEJ of the maxillary central incisor has the greatest curvature of any tooth in the mouth. On which surface is the vertical extent of the CEJ most pronounced?

Back 2

a. Mesial

Front 3

3. When differentiating extracted specimens of a right maxillary central incisor from a left maxillary central incisor, which characteristic helps to identify the mesial surface from the distal surface?

Back 3

a. The vertical extent of the CEJ
b. From the facial view, the mesioincisal angle is a right angle.
c. From the facial view, the distoincisal angle is more obtuse.
d. Crown outlines are more convex on the distal

Front 4

4. Which of the following teeth has the widest mesiodistal width of all anterior teeth?

Back 4

a. Maxillary central incisor

Front 5

5. Which is the term that refers to convexities visible on the incisal ridge of newly erupted incisors?

Back 5

e. Mamelons

Front 6

6. Where is the mesial crest of curvature for the maxillary central incisor?

Back 6

c. Incisal third
d. Close to the mesioincisal corner

Front 7

7. Where is the distal crest of curvature for the maxillary central incisor?

Back 7

e. At the junction of the middle and incisal third

Front 8

8. What is the typical root shape of the maxillary central incisor?

Back 8

a. Conical
b. Single-rooted
c. As thick at the cervix mesiodistally as faciolingually

Front 9

9. In millimeters, what is the average length of a maxillary central incisor (use Woelfel as the reference)?

Back 9

23.6

Front 10

10. When is the first evidence of calcification for the permanent maxillary central incisor?

Back 10

3 – 4 months

Front 11

11. When is the enamel completed in the development of the permanent maxillary central incisor?

Back 11

. 4 – 5 years

Front 12

12. When does the permanent maxillary central incisor erupt?

Back 12

. 7 – 8 years

Front 13

13. When has the permanent maxillary central incisor root completed its development?

Back 13

. 10 years

Front 14

14. Incisors have cingulums located on which surface?

Back 14

cervical lingual

Front 15

15. The convexities that are located on the mesial and distal aspects of the lingual aspect of the permanent maxillary central incisor are termed the:

Back 15

a. Mesial and distal marginal ridges

Front 16

16. From a proximal view, what is the shape of the permanent maxillary central incisor?

Back 16

Triangular

Front 17

17. The incisal ridge of the permanent maxillary central incisors is on a line bisecting the root when viewed from the proximal view. (T/F)

Back 17

False the incisal ridge of the max. central is on the labial

Front 18

18. From a proximal view, the crests of curvature are in which third of the permanent maxillary central incisor?

Back 18

. Cervical

Front 19

19. From the incisal view, where is the cingulum located? for Maxillary central

Back 19

. Offset towards the distal

Front 20

20. In millimeters, what is the average length of a maxillary lateral incisor (use Woelfel as the reference)?

Back 20

. 22.5

Front 21

21. When is the first evidence of calcification for the permanent maxillary lateral incisor?

Back 21

e. 1 year

Front 22

22. When is the enamel completed in the development of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor?

Back 22

c. 4 – 5 years

Front 23

23. When does the permanent maxillary lateral incisor erupt?

Back 23

d. 8 – 9 years

Front 24

24. When has the permanent maxillary lateral incisor root completed its development?

Back 24

d. 11 years

Front 25

25. Which of the following are characteristics of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor?
a. Smaller in all dimensions than the permanent maxillary central incisor
b. The most common congenitally missing anterior tooth
c. When present may have a number of variations, [i.e., peg lateral (mesial and distal lobe deficient), toed lateral (distal lobe deficient), caniniform lateral (distal and mesial lobes deficient), small central (sharper mesio-incisal and disto-incisal line angles), a radicular groove on the lingual surface of the crown and root.]
d. Similar shape and function to permanent maxillary central incisors
e. All of the above

Back 25

E all of them

a. Smaller in all dimensions than the permanent maxillary central incisor
b. The most common congenitally missing anterior tooth
c. When present may have a number of variations, [i.e., peg lateral (mesial and distal lobe deficient), toed lateral (distal lobe deficient), caniniform lateral (distal and mesial lobes deficient), small central (sharper mesio-incisal and disto-incisal line angles), a radicular groove on the lingual surface of the crown and root.]
d. Similar shape and function to permanent maxillary central incisors

Front 26

26. Compared to the permanent central incisor, both the mesio-incisal and disto-incisal corners of the lateral incisor are more rounded than the central incisor respectively.
(T/F)

Back 26

True

Front 27

27. From the labial view, the maxillary lateral incisor has the mesial crest of curvature at the junction of the middle and incisal third while the distal crest of curvature is positioned in the middle third of the crown. (T/F)

Back 27

True

Front 28

28. The crown of the permanent maxillary lateral incisor is shorter in length and wider in width than the permanent maxillary central incisor. (T/F)

Back 28

False, smaller all around

Front 29

29. The curvature of the apical third of most anterior teeth is usually in the mesial direction. (T/F)

Back 29

False

Front 30

30. The permanent maxillary lateral incisor crown to root ratio (R: C) is greater than that of the permanent maxillary central incisor. (T/F)

Back 30

True

Front 31

31. Fine horizontal lines on the crown surface found on the enamel of all newly erupted teeth is known as:

Back 31

b. Perikymata

Front 32

32. Which of the following class traits is/are false?
a. When viewed from the facial, the crowns of incisors are relatively, longer incisogingivally than wide mesiodistally.
b. Incisors taper from the widest mesiodistal areas of proximal contact to the cervical line, i.e., are narrowest in the cervical third and broader toward the incisal third.
c. Incisors are more concave on the distal than on the mesial sides (except the mandibular central which is symmetrical).
d. Incisors have contact areas that are mesially in the incisal third or near the junction of the incisal and middle third; distally more cervical than the mesial (except the distal of the mandibular central).
e. Incisors have a cervical line that is convex (dips) toward the apex on the facial and lingual sides.

Back 32

c. Incisors are more concave on the distal than on the mesial sides (except the mandibular central which is symmetrical).

Front 33

33. The permanent mandibular central incisors are narrower mesiodistally then the permanent mandibular lateral incisors. This statement refers to which of the following traits?

a. Set
b. Arch
c. Class
d. Type

Back 33

Type trait

Front 34

34. A space between central incisors or other teeth is called a diastema. (T/F)

Back 34

True

Front 35

35. The central incisors distal surfaces contact the mesial surfaces of the lateral incisors (T/F)

Back 35

True

Front 36

36. Lateral incisors are just distal to central incisors, with their mesial surfaces in contact with the distal surfaces of the adjacent central incisors. (T/F)

Back 36

True

Front 37

Consider the following traits of incisors, for example, the facial surface of all anterior teeth forms from the three labial portions called the mesial, middle, and distal lobes. what kind of trait is this?

Back 37

Class Trait

Front 38

38. What characteristic is observed on the facial surface of incisors?

Back 38

a. Incisors usually have two shallow vertical developmental depressions

Front 39

39. Which of the following statements is false regarding the incisor roots, when viewed from the facial

a. Taper from the cervical line to the apex.
b. They are narrower faciolingually than mesiodistally (EXCEPT maxillary central incisors, where the mesiodistal width is approximately the same as the faciolingual thickness).
c. Incisor roots may bend in the apical one-third (EXCEPT maxillary central incisor roots, which are not as likely to bend); this bend is more often toward the distal.
d. Incisor roots are longer than the crowns.

Back 39

b. They are narrower faciolingually than mesiodistally (EXCEPT maxillary central incisors, where the mesiodistal width is approximately the same as the faciolingual thickness).

Front 40

40. Incisor crowns, when viewed from the lingual, have a narrower lingual surface because the mesial and distal sides converge lingually. (True)

Back 40

True

Front 41

The mesial and distal marginal ridges of incisors converge toward the cingulum. (t/f)

Back 41

True

Front 42

42. What is the importance of the lingual concavity of maxillary incisor teeth?

Back 42

a. The lingual concavity on the maxillary anterior teeth is a most important guiding factor in the closing movements of the lower jaw, because the mandibular incisors fit into this concavity and against marginal ridges of the maxillary incisors as maximum closure or occlusion is approached.

Front 43

43. The incisor roots, when viewed from the proximal are widest at the cervical and gradually taper to a rounded apex. Normally, all have a longitudinal depression in middle third of the mesial root surface. Which incisor/s is/are the exception?

Back 43

a. Only the mandibular central and lateral incisors also have a prominent longitudinal depression on the distal surface.

Front 44

44. Incisor crowns, when viewed from the proximal are wedge-shaped. They have a facial height of contour that is in the cervical third just incisal to the cervical line and are therefore more convex cervically than incisally on their labial surfaces. (T/F)

Back 44

True

Front 45

45. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Relative to the maxillary incisors, the mandibular incisors are generally smaller than maxillary incisors.
b. Mandibular central and lateral incisors look more alike and are more nearly the same size in the same mouth, compared to greater differences between maxillary central and lateral incisors.
c. Mandibular incisor crowns are flatter on the mesial and distal sides and have contact areas located nearer the incisal ridge than maxillary incisors.
d. Mandibular incisor crowns are relatively similar faciolingually to maxillary incisors.
e. Mandibular incisor crowns also have smoother lingual surfaces with less prominent anatomy than maxillary crowns, which have deeper fossae and more pronounced marginal ridges.
f. Mandibular incisor roots are longer in proportion to their crowns than are maxillary incisors.

Back 45

d. Mandibular incisor crowns are relatively similar faciolingually to maxillary incisors.

Front 46

Which of the following statements is true?
a. Incisal edges of mandibular incisors are usually positioned labial to the root axis line, whereas the incisal edges of maxillary incisors are more often on or lingual to the root axis line.
b. Attrition on the incisal edges of incisors that occurs when shearing or incising food results in a wear pattern that is different on maxillary incisors compared to mandibular incisors.
c. This wear pattern occurs when the lingual part of the incisal edges of mandibular incisors slides forward and downward while contacting the labial surface and part of the incisal edge of opposing maxillary incisors.
d. The wear results in a shiny flat, polished surface of enamel on the incisal edge called an abfraction.

Back 46

b. Attrition on the incisal edges of incisors that occurs when shearing or incising food results in a wear pattern that is different on maxillary incisors compared to mandibular incisors.

Front 47

47. The crown of the maxillary central incisor is the longest [average: 11.2 mm] of all human tooth crowns (although canines may be longer overall) and is also the widest of all incisors. (T/F)

Back 47

True according to Woelfel only- false according to all others

Front 48

The crown of the maxillary central incisor is usually longer (incisogingivally) than wide (mesiodistally) [averaging 2.6 mm longer]

Back 48

True

Front 49

49. The crown of the maxillary lateral incisor is how many mm narrower than the crown of the maxillary central incisor?

Back 49

2 mm

Front 50

50. The root of the maxillary lateral incisor is how many mm longer than the root of the maxillary central incisor.

Back 50

.4

Front 51

51. Maxillary lateral incisors have both the mesioincisal and distoincisal angles more rounded than on the central incisor. (T/F)

Back 51

True

Front 52

For the maxillary lateral incisors, the mesioincisal angle is more acute and the distoincisal angle is even wider or more obtuse than on the central incisors, accentuated by the incisal edge sloping cervically toward the distal.(T/F)

Back 52

True

Front 53

53. The lingual fossa of the maxillary lateral incisor, is smaller in area and often less pronounced than on the central incisor.(T/F)

Back 53

False, max. lat is more prominent than centrals

Front 54

54. The cingulum of the maxillary lateral incisor is narrower than on the central, and it is almost centered on the root axis line.(T/F)

Back 54

True

Front 55

55. Due to the distal placement of the cingulum and incisal edge slope cervically toward the distal, the mesial marginal ridge of the maxillary central incisor (from proximal contact area to cingulum) is longer than its distal marginal ridge. (T/F)

Back 55

True

Front 56

56. On the maxillary lateral incisor, the distal marginal ridge is also shorter than the mesial, because the incisal edge slopes cervically from mesial to distal, even more so than on the central. (T/F)

Back 56

True

Front 57

57. The longer mesial marginal ridge of the maxillary lateral incisor outline is nearly straight, while the shorter distal marginal ridge outline is curved cervicoincisally, as on the central incisor. (T/F)

Back 57

True

Front 58

58. How thick is the incisal ridge or edge of the maxillary central incisor faciolingually?

Back 58

1.5–2.0 mm

Front 59

59. The incisal ridge of the maxillary lateral incisor is more curved mesiodistally than on the maxillary central incisors. (T/F)

Back 59

True

Front 60

60. The labial outline of the maxillary central incisor crown usually appears broadly convex, but on some teeth, the center portion may be nearly flat. The labial outline of the maxillary lateral incisor is noticeably more convex than that of the central incisor. (T/F)

Back 60

True

Front 61

61. Which of the following statements are false?
a. All mandibular incisor crowns are quite narrow relative to their crown length, but the mandibular central incisor crown is considerably narrower than the maxillary central incisor.
b. The mandibular central incisor is so symmetrical that it is difficult to tell left from right unless on a stone cast or in the mouth.
c. A difference to be found from right to left is the greater distal curvature of the cervical line (visible only on extracted teeth).
d. The fairly straight mesial and distal crown outlines taper, becoming narrower toward the convex cervical line.

Back 61

c. A difference to be found from right to left is the greater distal curvature of the cervical line (visible only on extracted teeth). ----???needs double checking

Front 62

62. Which of the following statements is true?
a. The crown of the mandibular lateral incisor resembles that of the mandibular central incisor, as it is bilaterally symmetrical.
b. Its crown tilts facially on the root, giving the impression that the tooth has been bent at the cervix.
c. The mandibular lateral incisor crown is a little smaller in all dimensions than the mandibular central incisor.
d. The labial contour of all mandibular incisor crowns is convex mesiodistally in the cervical third but nearly flat in the incisal third.

Back 62

d. The labial contour of all mandibular incisor crowns is convex mesiodistally in the cervical third but nearly flat in the incisal third.

Front 63

63. Which of the following statements is false?
a. The crown of the mandibular central incisor is nearly bilaterally symmetrical, so the mesioincisal and distoincisal angles are very similar: slightly rounded, forming nearly right angles.
b. The distoincisal angle may barely be more rounded than the mesioincisal angle.
c. The distoincisal angle of the mandibular lateral incisor, however, is noticeably more rounded than the mesioincisal angle.
d. The mesial and distal contact areas of the mandibular central incisor are at the same level: in the incisal third almost level with the incisal edge.
e. The mesial and distal contact areas of the lateral incisor are not at the same level. Although both the mesial and distal contacts are in the incisal third fairly near the incisal edge, the distal contact is noticeably incisal to the level of the mesial contact on lateral incisors.

Back 63

e. The mesial and distal contact areas of the lateral incisor are not at the same level. Although both the mesial and distal contacts are in the incisal third fairly near the incisal edge, the distal contact is noticeably incisal to the level of the mesial contact on lateral incisors.

Front 64

Which of the following statements is true?
a. Mandibular incisor roots appear proportionally shorter compared to their crown length than the maxillary incisors. Therefore, the root-to-crown ratio is larger for mandibular incisors.
b. The roots of all mandibular incisors appear very narrow mesiodistally but wide faciolingually (ribbon-like).
c. The roots of all mandibular incisors diverge uniformly on both sides from the cervical line to the apex.
d. The apical end may curve slightly to the mesial.

Back 64

b. The roots of all mandibular incisors appear very narrow mesiodistally but wide faciolingually (ribbon-like).

Front 65

65. The lingual fossae of all mandibular incisors are:

Back 65

a. barely visible
b. smooth (without grooves, accessory ridges, or pits),
c. shallow
d. just slightly concave in the middle and incisal thirds

Front 66

The adjacent marginal ridges of all mandibular incisors are:

Back 66

scarcely discernable

Front 67

67. The cingulum of the mandibular lateral incisor lies
a. slightly distal to the axis line of the root
b. similar to the maxillary central incisor
c. in a position that makes the mesial marginal ridge slightly longer than the distal marginal ridge.
d. All of the above

Back 67

a. slightly distal to the axis line of the root
b. similar to the maxillary central incisor
c. in a position that makes the mesial marginal ridge slightly longer than the distal marginal ridge.

Front 68

68. From the proximal view, the relatively large faciolingual dimension of the root at the cervix is very apparent. The cervical portion of the roots is 2 mm wider faciolingually than mesiodistally. The facial and lingual outlines of the roots are nearly straight from the cervical line to the middle third; then the root tapers with its apex on the axis line. This describes the roots of the:

a. Maxillary central incisor
b. Mandibular central incisors
c. Maxillary lateral incisors
d. Mandibular lateral incisors
e. A and C
f. B and D

Back 68

f. B and D
b. Mandibular central incisors
d. Mandibular lateral incisors

Front 69

The root contours of these teeth are noticeably flatter on their mesial and distal sides. In fact, there is usually a slight longitudinal depression on the middle third of the mesial and distal root surfaces, with the distal depression somewhat more distinct. Which teeth does this describe?

a. Maxillary central incisor
b. Mandibular central incisors
c. Maxillary lateral incisors
d. Mandibular lateral incisors
e. A and C
f. B and D

Back 69

f. B and D
b. Mandibular central incisors
d. Mandibular lateral incisors

Front 70

70. Which of the following statements is false?
a. The mesiodistal measurements of all mandibular incisor crowns are greater than the labiolingual measurement [by about 0.4 mm].
b. Maxillary central incisors are considerably wider mesiodistally than faciolingually.
c. The incisal ridge or edge of the mandibular central incisor is at right angles to the labiolingual root axis plane.
d. If you were to align a mandibular lateral incisor with its lingual cingulum directly exactly downward, the distal half of the incisal edge would be perceived as twisted lingually (called a distolingual twist).
e. The twist of the incisal edge corresponds to the curvature of the mandibular dental arch; a tooth on the right side of the arch is twisted counterclockwise; one on the left is twisted clockwise.

Back 70

a. The mesiodistal measurements of all mandibular incisor crowns are greater than the labiolingual measurement [by about 0.4 mm]. FALSE

Front 71

71. The cingulum on the mandibular lateral incisor is centered, smooth, and makes a narrow convex outline.
a. True
b. False

Back 71

FALSE, cingulum is DISTAL

Front 72

72. The first evidence of calcification occurs at what age for the permanent mandibular central incisor?

Back 72

3-4 months

Front 73

73. The first evidence of calcification occurs at what age for the permanent mandibular lateral incisor?

Back 73

3-4 months

Front 74

74. At what age is calcification of the enamel completed for teeth number 24 and 25?

Back 74

4-5years

Front 75

75. When do teeth number 25 and 26 erupt?

Back 75

6-7 and 7-8 respectively

Front 76

76. When is the root completed for teeth number 25 and 26.

Back 76

9 and 10 respectively