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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Freud's bottom line
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People repress painful experiences-> symptom (psycho defenses). Psychoanalysis releases the feelings &bring resolution
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Explanation of hysteria
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Unresolved conflicts, sexual traumas, physical manifestations "resolve" the conflict, talk treatment releases the conflict
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Early "defense" theories of hysterics?
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Hysterics underwent "conversion" of disturbing emotions to motor or sensory symptom. Signs were symbolically chosen: blindnes, weak arm, inability to walk
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Freud's theories of the mind?
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Topographical model (conscious, unconscious, preconscious, also pleasure & reality principle) & structural model (Id, ego, superego)
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Pleasure principle
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Instinctual drive: Libido & Aggression (seek to be satisfied @ all times). Selfish, primitive, childish, pleasure oriented part of the personality w/ no ability to delay gratification
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Reality principle
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"can't alwaysget what you want"- society presses us to modify pleasure in favor of realtity-> delay in discharge of drives
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Conscious
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Perceptions from the outside world, or inside the body are brought into awareness. Not repressed & easliy accessible. Content commun through words/behavior. Motivated by reality principle
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Unconscious
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Outside of Awareness (comatose patient). Repressed, difficult to access, but available in dreams and symptoms. Image-oriented, symbolic, not time-bound, and may contain contradictions. Motivated by the Pleasure Principle
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Preconscious
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"Outside of awareness. Not Repressed, relatively easy access when attention is focused. Reality Principle/Secondary Process. Memories (eg what does the 1st person you kissed look like). Interface/barrier b/w the Conscious and the Unconscious
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Dynamic unconscious
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Psychic energy: keeps mental content unconscious, or surface content-> psychopathy of everdya life (language: freudian slips. Bahaviors)
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Id
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Reservior for unorganized instinctual drive. Goal to achieve max pleasure. Primary process. Lacks capacity to delay drives. Avoids displeasure/anxiety
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Superego
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The critical parent (voice that says no). Morality. Ego Ideal (the image of the perfect self, influenced by social envir & parents
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Ego
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"Balances & serves the needs of the Id, the Superego, and Reality. Anchored in Reality & rooted in Perception/Cognition. Reality Principle. Tries to satisfy Id, but takes into consideration conseq & morality; exercises Judgment
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Primary process of ego?
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Unconscious: thoughts not org in a coherent way, feelings can shift, contradictions not in conflict or just not perceived that way, & condensations arise. No logic & no time line. Lust/aggression important for this process.
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Secondary process of ego?
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Conscious: where strong boundaries are set and thoughts must be organized in a coherent way. Most conscious thoughts originate here.
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Competing interests of ego?
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Memories, perceptions, ext realistic needs, drives, anxieties
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Defense mech
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Aids ego in achieving balance via min anxiety, protecting ego, & maintaining repression
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Repression
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The process of pulling thoughts into the unconscious & preventing painful or dangerous thoughts from entering consciousness. Useful by preventing discomfort & leads to some economy of time and effort
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Repression theory
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Ego is diminished during sleep, and the repressed content is expressed, often symbolically, through dreams
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Psychoanalysis
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"Interpretation of Dreams, Fantasies, & Transferences important, b/c it allows us access to what we have repressed. By bringing this content into consciousness, can prevent physical symptom or behavioral complex
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Resistance
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Patients censor what they say in an unconscious attempt to oppose treatment. (eg forget meds, missing appts)
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Transferance
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Redirection of feelings & desires & esp. of those unconsciously retained from childhood toward a new person.
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Transference in relationships
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"Emotions lead people to repeat patterns of their earliest relationships (usually with parents). Goal of therapy is to make a person aware of the repetition, bringing to consciousness what had been unconscious.
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Transference in therapuetic thech
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By understanding the intense feelings that can arise in the analytic relationship, the analyst can help the patient better understand past and current relationships
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Countertransference
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Transfer of the therapist's own unconscious feelings to the patient. Clinician’s experience affect their feelings & behaviors
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Denial
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"Refusing to perceive the more unpleasant aspects of external reality. Seen in patients w/ addictions who do not acknowledge the consequences of their behavior.
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How does denial differ from repression?
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Differs from repression in that there is some consciousness, but a piece of reality is being denied
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Projection
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"Attributing to others, one’s own unacceptable or unwanted thoughts &/or emotions. (e.g. “Jealous of you? You must be joking…you’re the one who’s jealous!”
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Fantasy
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"Autistic Fantasy. Individual deals w/ emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by excessive daydreaming as a substitute for human relationships, more effective action, or problem solving
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Conversion
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"“Convert” mental tension into neurological signs. Blindness, paralysis result from emotionally over powering event. Normal neurological exam
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Splitting
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"Splitting. The self or others are perceived as “all good or all bad”, as opposed to complex, multifaceted individ. Borderlines alternate b/w Idealization (overestimation of good qualities & underestimation of limitations) & Devaluation (exaggeration of negative qualities)
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Acting out
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The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal/external stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings.
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Displacement
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Shifting the emotional component from one object or idea to another
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Isolation
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Separating the link between affect/emotion and thought or memory.
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Intellectualization
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Individual avoids emotions by excessive use of intellectual processes.
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Undoing
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Attempting to nullify or atone for a forbidden fantasy or behavior
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Reaction formation
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Transforming affects into their opposites; overcompensating for unwanted or unacceptable impulses. Eg a closet alcoholic goes on a crusade to ban the sale of alcohol
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Mature defenses
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Suppression, Sublimation, Altruism, Humor, Anticipation
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Suppression
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The conscious process of pushing thoughts into the preconscious.
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Sublimation
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Turning our difficult drives, affects, and memories into healthy and creative outcomes
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Altruism
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"The individual deals w/ emotional conflict or other stressors by dedicating himself to the needs of others. The individual avoids his own conflicts/stressors, & receives gratification from the response of others.
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Humor
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The individual deals w/ conflicts/stressors by emphasizing the amusing or ironic aspects of the situation
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Anticipation
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Planning for future discomfort. Preparation for realistic dread
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Coping Mech
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"Emotional Coping – do something to feel better about it ( even if I get a B, I can still be a doctor). Action Coping–dealing directly (study for three hours instead of drinking)
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