Brain Test From Ch. 12 Anatomy & Physiology Marieb & Hoehn

Front 1

What is the outermost meninx covering of the brain?

Back 1

dura matter

Front 2

The cerebral hemisphere is what % of brain mass

Back 2

83%

Front 3

Why is the blood brain barrier absent in the brain stem and hypothalamus?

Back 3

Absent in the brain stem so you can vomit. Absent in the hypothalamus so it can sample the chemical composition of the blood

Front 4

What seperates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Back 4

Central sulcus

Front 5

Paralysis to one side of the body because of a brain injury is called?

Back 5

Hemiplegia

Front 6

What disease causes massive degeneration of the basal nuclei and later the cerebral cortex (wild flapping involuntary movements)?

Back 6

Huntington's Disease

Front 7

Where is the blood brain barrier absent?

Back 7

Hypothalamus and the Medula

Front 8

What is a contusion?

Back 8

It is a more serious concussion that causes bruising of the brain and permanent neurological damage.

Front 9

What is the significance of the two spinal cord enlargements?

Back 9

It is doing more work in the cervical and lumbar regions because it is serving the limbs.

Front 10

Explain why damage to right internal capsule results in paralysis of the left side of the body.

Back 10

Just above the medulla-spinal cord junction, most of the nerve fibers cross over to the opposite side before continuing into the spinal cord. This crossover is called the descussation of the pyramids.

Front 11

What are nerve cell bodies in the central nervous system called?

Back 11

Nuclei

Hint 11

Center of the cell...

Front 12

What seperates the parietal and occipital lobe?

Back 12

Parietal-occipital sulcus

Front 13

Degeneration of the dopamine-releasing neurons of the Substantia nigra is:

Back 13

Parkinson's disease

Front 14

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Back 14

Regulation, modulation & refinement of motor control

Front 15

How can you distinguish between the dorsal and ventral horns?

Back 15

The dorsal horns consist of interneurons & the ventral horns have some interneurons but mainly house cell bodies.

Front 16

How is the corpus striatum related to the fibers of the internal capsule?

Back 16

The fibers run past & through them - giving them a striped appearance.

Front 17

What is the corpus striatum?

Back 17

The lentiform & caudate nuclei

Front 18

Why is the lumbar puncture done in the subarachnoid space below L2?

Back 18

The spinal cord is absent there and the delicate nerve roots drift away from the point of needle insertion.

Front 19

What are the differences of the meninges of the spinal cord and the brain

Back 19

They are the same except the brain has a single dura matter.

Front 20

What is a concussion?

Back 20

a temporary alteration in brain function following a blow to the head

Front 21

What are the 4 stages of a coma?

Back 21

alertness, lethergy, stupor, coma

Hint 21

a l s c

Front 22

What disease is a progressive degenerative diseas of the brain that ultimately results in dementia?

Back 22

Alzheimer's Disease

Front 23

The middle meninx (cobweb)?

Back 23

Arachnoid Matter

Front 24

What structure is instrumental in returning cerebrospinal fluid to the venous blood in the dural sinuses?

Back 24

arachnoid villi

Hint 24

"spider" "house in italy"

Front 25

A fiber tract that provides communication between different parts of the same cerebral hemisphere is called?

Back 25

association fiber

Front 26

The lentiform nucleus along with the caudate nuclei are called?

Back 26

basel nuclei

Front 27

If you have damage in Brocca's area of the brain, what symptom will you have?

Back 27

broken speech

Front 28

What is the collection of spinal nerves traveling in the vertebral canal below the terminus of the spinal cord? Hint...tail

Back 28

cauda equina

Front 29

What is responsible for the regulation of posture & coordination of complex muscular movements?

Back 29

Cerebellum

Hint 29

Cauliflower

Front 30

What is shaped like a cauliflower

Back 30

cerebellum

Front 31

What connects the third & fourth ventricles?

Back 31

cerebral aquaduct

Front 32

Consciousness depends on the function of this part of the brain?

Back 32

cerebral hemisphere

Front 33

What are the two regions that the spinal cord is enlarged in?

Back 33

cervical and lumbar

Front 34

Structure that forms the cerebrospinal fluid?

Back 34

choroid plexuses

Front 35

What is the cerebral white matter responsible for?

Back 35

communication to the cerebral areas, the cerebral cortex, & lower CNS centers

Hint 35

talking to three c areas

Front 36

What is the spinal cord terminus?

Back 36

conus medullaris

Hint 36

two words
"cone head" "water boy aris"

Front 37

What is located in the midbrain, & contains reflex centers for vision and audition?

Back 37

corpora quadrigemina

Front 38

What is the large commissural fibers connect the right and left cerebral hemispheres?

Back 38

corpus collosum

Front 39

What condition is cause by a torrent of electrical discharges of brain neurons?

Back 39

epilepsy

Front 40

Contains the pineal gland that secretes melatonin and helps regulate the sleep wake cycle

Back 40

epithalamus

Front 41

a dural fold that attaches the cerebrum to the crista galli of the skull

Back 41

falx cerebelli

Hint 41

two words "fake" "front part of brain"

Front 42

What is the meningeal extension beyond the spinal cord terminus?

Back 42

Filum Terminale

Hint 42

File to the end...

Front 43

What is damage to the ventral root?

Back 43

flaccid paralysis

Front 44

What is the most superior boundary of the spinal cord?

Back 44

foramen magnum

Front 45

From this space the cerebral spinal fluid drains through the _________ into the __________.

Back 45

foramina fourth ventrical

Front 46

What is the fiber tract involved with olfaction?

Back 46

fornix

Front 47

Name the 5 lobes of the brain

Back 47

frontal, parietal, occipital, temperol, insular

Front 48

What are nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system called?

Back 48

ganglion

Hint 48

bad group of kids

Front 49

What is an elevated ridge of cerebral tissue?

Back 49

gyri

Front 50

What is the autonomic control center of the body? (blood pressure, heartbeat)

Back 50

hypothalamus

Front 51

Where is the site of regulation of body temp & water balance, most important autonomic center?

Back 51

hypothalamus

Front 52

What seperates the frontal & parietal lobe from the temporal lobe?

Back 52

lateral sulcus

Front 53

Name the ventricles:

Back 53

lateral, third, & fourth

Front 54

What fissure separates the midline of the cerebral hemispheres?

Back 54

longitudinal fissure

Front 55

Where are the autonomic center that controls blood pressure, heart rate, & respiratory rhythm, as well as coughing, sneezing, & swallowing?

Back 55

medulla oblongata

Front 56

The three brainstem regions:

Back 56

midbrain, pons, & medulla oblongata

Front 57

White matter is composed of?

Back 57

myelinated fibers

Front 58

Gray matter is composed of?

Back 58

nerve cell bodies

Front 59

What are axon fibers in the peripheral nervous system called?

Back 59

Nerves

Hint 59

On my last...

Front 60

What is localized damage to the spinal cord or its roots?

Back 60

paralysis

Front 61

A transection that occurs between the T1 and L1 where both limbs are affected is called?

Back 61

paraplegia

Front 62

What is the outer layer that forms the periosteum of the skull?

Back 62

periosteal layer

Front 63

What is the innermost meninx covering of the brain?

Back 63

pia matter

Front 64

What causes Alzheimer's Disease?

Back 64

Plaque that consist of Beta Amyloid peptide form in the Hippocampus and basal Forebrain (regions involved in memory and thinking)

Front 65

What is the bridge:

Back 65

pons

Front 66

A fiber tract that crosses at the decussation of the pyramids?

Back 66

projection fiber

Front 67

What should not be in the cerebral spinal fluid?

Back 67

Protein

Front 68

A transection that occurs in the cervical region and all four limbs are affected is called?

Back 68

quadriplegia

Front 69

What is damage to the upper motor neurons of the primary motor cortex?

Back 69

spastic paralysis

Hint 69

hyperactive jerking

Front 70

Cerebrospinal fluid flows from the fourth ventricle into the central canal of the spinal cord and in the _________ space surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Back 70

subarachnoid

Front 71

Where in the vertebral column is a lumbar puncture generally done?

Back 71

subarachnoid space below L2

Front 72

What is an groove of cerebral tissue?

Back 72

sulci

Front 73

What do the convolutions seen in the cerebrum increase?

Back 73

surface area

Front 74

a dural fold separating the cerebrum from the cerebellum

Back 74

tentorium cerebelli

Hint 74

"a pop up ______""front most area of brain"

Front 75

What encloses the third ventricle?

Back 75

thalamus

Front 76

What is the gateway to the cerebral cortex?

Back 76

thalamus

Front 77

What plays a key role in mediating sensation & motor activity?

Back 77

thalamus

Front 78

Where is the important synapse site for afferent fibers traveling to the sensory cortex?

Back 78

thalamus

Front 79

Name three parts of the diencephalon:

Back 79

thalamus, hypothalamus, & the epithalamus

Front 80

What are axon fibers in the central nervous system called?

Back 80

Tracts

Hint 80

Railroad...

Front 81

What fissure separates the cerebral hemisphere & cerebellum?

Back 81

transverse cerebral fissure

Front 82

Name three parts of the Cerebral Hemisphere:

Back 82

White Matter, Gray Matter and Nuclei

Front 83

If you have damage in Wernicke's area of the brain, what symptom will you have?

Back 83

your able to speak but its nonsense