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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What functions do leaves serve |
photosynthesis storage climbing protection reproduction |
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whats a leafe blade called |
lamina |
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what advantage do compound leaves have over simple |
edgrs are insect barriers |
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what are heteroblastic |
one species with more than one leafe type |
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what is the petiole |
stem |
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what does the petiole do |
prevents self shading, cools |
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what are sessile plants |
attached directly to the stem |
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what are stipules |
flaps of tissue at base of petiole |
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what do stipules do |
protection and photosynthesis |
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what are veins |
bundles of vascular tissue |
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what vein structure do dicots have |
network |
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what vein structure do monocots have |
parallel |
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where is the abscission zone |
base of petioles |
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what are the parts of the abscission zone |
separation layer, and protective layer |
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what part of the plant doesnt have chloroplasts |
epidermis |
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where are more guard cells and stomata located |
lower epidermis |
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what are trichomes |
hairs on shade plants |
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what do trichomes do |
slows water loss, secrete stinging compounds, footholds for butterflys |
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what are cutins |
wax |
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what are mesophylls |
under epidermis |
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where are most of the chlorophylls located |
palisade parenchyma |
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what does the spongy parenchyma do |
traps carbon dioxide |
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what do bulliform cells do |
mechanism for folding with turgor |
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which leaves have larger and thinner |
shade leaves |
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what are tendrils |
climbing structures |
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what plants have food storage leaves |
cabbage,onion, lettuce |
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where do xerophytes at |
arid habitats |
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where do mesophylls live |
abundant water and humidity |
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where do hydrophytes live |
submerged of partially |
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what is water vapor loss from leaves |
transpiration |
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how do trees suck up water |
cohesion |
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which scientist weighed soil before growing a tree |
Helmont |
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which scientist did the mouse in a bell jar |
Priestly |
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which scientist found out plants fixed air |
jean senebier |
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characteristics of chlorophyll a |
based on Mg reflects green all psn organisms |
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characteristics of chlorophyll b |
all plants have it half as much as chl a |
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characteristics of carotenoids |
all plants have them, protects frim photo-oxidation |
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what structures do chloroplasts have in them |
double membrane stroma grana thylakoids |
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how many photosytems do plants have |
2 |
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what are antennae complexs |
networks of pigments which capture light |
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what is the reaction center |
where psn happens |
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how much of the chlorophyll participates in psn |
>1% |
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what light frequency does chloroplasts absorb best |
p680 nm |
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what is the photoelectric effect |
light removes an electron from chloroplasts |
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what is the dark reaction also called |
calvin cycle |
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what are plants that use the calvin cycle called |
C3 plants |
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what do C4 plants do |
C4 plants fix CO2 into acid in mesophyll cells |
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what plants are C3-C4 intermediates |
panic grasses and others |
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what plants are C4 plants |
corn, millet |
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What plants are CAM |
cacti, orchids, ferns |
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what did garner and allard |
coined term photoperiodism |
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what are critical daylengths for flowering plants |
12-14 hours |
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what are short day plants |
asters, mums, goldenrod |
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what are long day plants |
beets, lettuce, potatoes |
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what are intermediate day plants |
indian grass |
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what are day neutral plants |
cotton, roses, sunflowers |
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what can photoperiod affect |
bud dormancy, germination, tuber production |
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what is phytochrome |
responsible for photoperiodism |
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what is phytochrome red |
inactive |
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what is phytochrome far red |
active |
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what is is the hormone that isnt #confirmed |
florigen |
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what happenes during senescene |
nutrients move to roots, proteins break down |
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what are auxins |
trigger production of other hormones |
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what is agent orange made out of |
synthetic auxins 2,4 D and 2,4,5 T |
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what do gibberelins do |
increases size, responsible for foolish seedling disease |
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what fo cytokinins do |
stimulates cell division |
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what do synthetic cytokinins do |
regulate shrub height keep lettuce and mushrooms fresh keep cut flowers fresh |
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what is abscissic acid |
inhibits seed growth |
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what does ethylene do |
hastens fruit ripening |
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what is phototropism |
reaction to light |
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what is heliotropism |
solar tracking |
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what is gravitropism |
response to gravity |
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what is thigmotropism |
response to touch |
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what is circumnutation |
spiral pattern increases chance of touching |
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what is nastic movement |
occurs in an anatomically predetermined direction |
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what is seismonasty |
closing, sensitive plants |
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what is nyctinasty |
sleep movement, prayer plants |
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what is thermonasty |
response to temp change, tulips |
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what is thigmomorphogenesis |
response to mechanical disturbance in outdoor environment, results in shorter plants |
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Example and characteristics of the Ranunculacea buttecups family |
buttercup, slightly poisonous |
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Example and characteristics of the Lauraceae family |
cinnamon, many used as spices |
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Example and characteristics of the Papaveraceae poppy family |
opiums poppies, all produce alkaloidal drugs |
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Example and characteristics of the brassicaceae mustard family |
cabbage, may be weeds in row crops |
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Example and characteristics of the Rosaceae rose family |
roses, theyre cosmopolitan |
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Example and characteristics of the fabaceae legume family |
beans, cosmopolitan |
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Example and characteristics of the euphorbiaceae family |
castor beans, produce latex |
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Example and characteristics of the cactaceae family |
peyote, leaves reduced or are spines |
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Example and characteristics of the lamiaceae mint family |
rosemary, square stem |
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Example and characteristics of the solanaceae nightshade family |
tomatoes, many are poisonous |
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Example and characteristics of the apiaceae carrot family |
carrot, some poisonous |
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Example and characteristics of the cucurbitaceae pumpkin family |
pumpkins, they have vines with tendrils |
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Example and characteristics of the asteraceae sunflower family |
sunflowers, 2nd largest family |
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Example and characteristics of the poacea family |
corn, mostly wind pollinated |
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Example and characteristics of the liliaceae lily family |
lilies, cosmopolitan |
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Example and characteristics of the orchidaceae family |
orchids, highly specialized flowers |
