Bod Final Exam- Disorders Of The Skin

Front 1

A Maccule is

Back 1

a Reddish circumscribed lesion up to 5mm (Flat type)

Front 2

Patch

Back 2

a circumscribed lesion of increased coloration measuring more than 5 mm(Flat type)

Front 3

Papule

Back 3

A solid elevated lesion measuring up to 5mm

Front 4

Nodule

Back 4

A solid spherical lesion measuring more than 5mm

Front 5

Plaque

Back 5

elevated, flat-topped lesion, usaully greater than 5mm across

Front 6

Vesicle

Back 6

A fluid filled elevated lesion measuring up to 5mm

Front 7

Bulla

Back 7

Fluid filled elevated lesion measuring more than 5mm

Front 8

Blister

Back 8

Common term for vesicle or bulla

Front 9

Pustule

Back 9

elevated pus filled lesion

Front 10

Wheal

Back 10

A transient balanced area with a hyperemic border associated with itching

Front 11

Scale

Back 11

Dry, horny, plaque-like lesion

Front 12

Lichenification

Back 12

thickening and roughening of skin ( occurs in people wiht poor perfusion of blood and venous return of lower extremities)- have a lot of hyperkeratinization and fissure and cracks

Front 13

Excoriation

Back 13

superficial linear breaks of the skin

Front 14

Seperatino of the nail plate from the nail bed(happens due to a vitamin deficiency or infection of nail plate)

Back 14

Onycholysis

Front 15

Hyperkeratosis

Back 15

Thickening of stratum corneum

Front 16

Parakeratosis

Back 16

retention of nuclei with the statum corneum (normally should not see retention except for vaginal and oral mucosa)

Front 17

Hypergranulosis

Back 17

Thickening of the stratum granulosum

Front 18

Acanthosis

Back 18

diffuse hyperplasia of the epithelium (secondary to cellular proliferation)

Front 19

Papillomatosis

Back 19

finger-like elevation of hyperplastic epithelium

Front 20

Dyskeratosis

Back 20

abnormal keratination beneath the stratum granulosum

Front 21

Acantholysis

Back 21

loss of cohesiveness between keratinocytes

Front 22

INTERcellular edema

Back 22

spongiosis

Front 23

INTRAcellular edema

Back 23

hydropic swelling

Front 24

emigration of inflammatory cells in the epidermis

Back 24

exocytosis

Front 25

superficial loss of the epidermis

Back 25

erosion

Front 26

loss of surface continuity with loss of epithelium and dermal tissues

Back 26

ulceration

Front 27

linear pattern of melanocytic proliferation

Back 27

lentiginous

Front 28

partial or complete loss of pigment producing melanocytes

Back 28

vitiligo

Front 29

occurs on hands wrists, axillae, perioral, periorbital, and anogenital skin

aggravated by repeated trauma (koebnerization)

most likely autoimmune origin

Back 29

vitiligo

Front 30

tan-red or light brown macules fading and intensifying in the winter and summer respectively

Back 30

freckle

Front 31

mask like zone of hyperpigmentation common in pregnancy

Back 31

melasma

Front 32

liner proliferation of melanocytes with no effect by sunligh

Back 32

lentigo

Front 33

benign neoplasm of melanocytes

types: junctional, compound, intradermal

downward growth of cells associated with maturation

Back 33

melanocytic nevus

Front 34

precursor of malignant melanoma

usually larger and more numerous than the acquired nevi

show variation in pigmentation with irregular borders

Back 34

Dysplastic nevi

Front 35

common tumor
exposure to sunlight involved in its development
higher risk for lightly pigmented people
other sites are orbit, mucosa, nail bed, and meninges
prognosis determined by the depth of penetration

Back 35

disorders of pigmentation
malignant melanoma

Front 36

clinical warnings signs include:
enlargement of a pre-existing mole
itching and pain
development of new pigmented lesions
variegation of colors within a pigmented lesion

Back 36

malignant melanoma

Front 37

common epidermal tumor of the head, neck, and trunk appearing as a stuck on the plaque.
No risk for malignancy

Back 37

Seborrheic keratosis

Front 38

occurs as a hyperpigmented area of neck and axilla often in association with visceral tumors

Back 38

Acanthosis nigricans

Front 39

dysplastic lesion occuring on areas exposed to sunlight, radiation and arsenicals

Back 39

Actinic keratosis

Front 40

Rapidly growing tumor
Resembles squamous cell carcinoma
May heal spontaneously
affects sun exposed areas
more common in men

Back 40

Keratocanthoma

Front 41

second most common tumor of sunlight exposed skin
metastases are not frequent

Back 41

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 42

Predisposing factors:
ionizing radiation
chronic ulcers
draining osteomyelitis
industrial carcinogens
xeroderma pigmentosum
immunosuppression
Frequently originates from ACTINIC KERATOSIS

Back 42

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 43

most common of sun-exposed cancers
slow growing tumor that rarely metastasize
predisposing factors similar to those of squamous cell carcinoma
advanced lesions may ulcerate and locally invade bones and facial sinuses- "rodent ulcers"

Back 43

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 44

common disorder of the skin (Hives)
lesions appear and disappear within hours
results from antigen induced release of vasoactive amines from mast cells
associated with pruritic wheals and may produce angioedema of the skin, GI tract, and laryn

Back 44

Acute inflammatory dermatosis:
urticaria

Front 45

Red papulovesicular oozing and crusted eruption which may form plaques
Clinical manifestations:
pruritus
swelling
blisters and or oozing plaques
Can look like a horn
Leads to SQUAMOS CELL CARCINOMA

Back 45

eczematous dermatitis

Front 46

common inflammatory dermatosis
usually in the 3rd decade
associated with arthritis, myopathy, enteropathy, spondylitic joint diseases and AIDS
lesions appear as salmon colored plaques covered by silvery scales
common on knees, elbows and scalp

Back 46

Psoriasos

Front 47

bleeding occurs when the scales are lifted from the plaques- Auspitz sign

neutrophils accumulate in the stratum corneum as Monro microabscesses

irregular acanthosis with the test tube rete ridges

Back 47

Psoriasis

Front 48

affects skin and mucous membranes
self- limiting, usually resolves in 1-2 years
oral lesions may persist and become malignant
plaques reveal Wickman striae
"saw-tooth" rete ridges with lymphocytic subepidermal accumulation

Back 48

Lichen Planus

Front 49

classified according to the location of the blister
subcorenal
suprabasal
subepidermal

Back 49

Blistering (Bullous) Disease

Front 50

rare autoimmune bullous disease
common in the fifth decade
suprabasal bulla
immunofluorescence shows deposits of IgG to intercellular cement in a net-like pattern

Back 50

Bullous Disease
Pemphigus Vulgaris

Front 51

Relatively common autoimmune disease
affects elderly
lesions measure up to 2cm in diameter
common on inner aspects of the thigh, flexor surfaces of forearms, axillae, groin and lower abdomen
subepidermal blisters
linear deposit of immunoglobulin and complement along the dermal/ epidermal junction

Back 51

Bullus Disease
Bullpus Pemphigoid

Front 52

rare auto immune disease
charcterized by urticaria and vesicles
associated with gulten hypersensitivity
lesions are pruritic, bilateral and symmetrical
immunofluescence shows a granular deposit of IgA at the tips of dermal papillae

Back 52

Bullous Disease
Dermatitis Herpetiformis

Front 53

more often in middle to late teenage years
more severe in males
associated with Propionibacterium acne

Back 53

Acne Vulgaris

Front 54

Self limiting
hypersensitivity rx. mediated by CD8+ lymphocytes
Target-like lesion
associated with: Herpes, Leprosy, Sulfonamides,Penicillin, and malignancies

Back 54

Erythema Multiforme

Front 55

Associated with HPV 6 + 11
presents with Kiliocytes

Back 55

Verroucous Vulgares
(common wart)

Front 56

contagious viral disorder
most often found in children and adolescents
Due to Pox virus
crater-like lesions

Back 56

Molluscum Contagiosum