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64 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Louisiana Purchase
the purchasing of 800,000 square miles of French territory west of the Mississippi River from Napoleon for $15 million by President Thomas Jefferson in 1803
Monroe Doctrine
enunciation saying that any attempt by Europe to extend their territory into North and South America would be considered hostile by American President James Monroe
Maximilian
Austrian archduke
Roosevelt Corollary
in case of wrongdoing on the part of any Latin American state, the United States claimed the right to intervene in that country and set its affairs in order
Quebec Act (1774)
permitted French Canadians the right to retain their language, law, and customs and to practice freely their Roman Catholic religion
British North America Act
created the Dominion of Canada, broadly expanding Canada's self-government
James Cook
explored much of the Easter coast of Australia, laying the basis for Britain's claim on the area
Maoris
native New Zealanders
Boers
Dutch colonists in South Africa
Great Trek
the Boer's migration northward, creating the republics of the Transvaal and the Orange Free State, which Britain granted independence
Boer War (1899-1902)
war between the Boers and the British, because British had overstepped its boundaries
peninsulares
Spanish civil officials
criollos
Spaniards born in the New World
mestizos
those of mixed Spanish and Indian blood
Simon Bolivar
led the struggle for freedom in north South America
Jose de San Martin
led the struggle for freedom in south South America with the support of Argentina
Dom Pedro
after declaring Peru dependent, they named him emperor
caudillos
Latin American military leaders
imperialism
the extension of power by one country over another country
Battle of Plassey
British forces defeated the Indian ruler in 1757
Robert Clive
led the British forces in the Battle of Plassey(1757)
William Carey
wrote the first Bible and tracts in the Indian dialects and was called "the Father of Modern Missions"
Sepoy Mutiny
when the native Indian troops of the East India Trading Company revolted, because they were greasing cartridges with sheep fat
J. Hudson Taylor
unwavering Chinese missionary
Manchu dynasty
closed all Chinese ports in an attempt to stop trading of opium, a dangerous drug, leading to a war which China lost, also crippling Manchu leadership
Opium Wars
war between China and Great Britain, started by China's Manchu leaders after trying to restrict foreign trade and ban the trading of opium, a dangerous drug
extraterritoriality
the principle stated that Westerners who broke Chinese law had the right to be tried in their own national courts rather than a Chinese one
Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
a humiliating loss to the Chinese, since they had considered Japan an inferior nation
1899
members of Chinese organized secret societies that pledged to rid China of Western influence began to terrorize Westerners and Chinese Christians, considering Christianity a Western religion
Boxer Rebellion
uprising against Western influence in China, which became so serious that European and American troops were forced to intervene, extinguishing the rebellion and ending the Manchu dynasty
Tokugawa
family that had ruled Japan since the beginning of the seventeenth century to the late eighteenth century
Matthew Perry
a U.S. naval commander sailed into Edo Bay (now Tokyo Bay) with a small fleet, asking for open trade with Japan, which they later agreed to, signing their first treaty in history with a Western nation
Treaty of Kanagawa
first treaty Japan had ever made with a Western nation, reluctantly forcing Japan into open trade with America
Meiji Period
transformed Japan from a feudal society to a major industrial power and the first industrial nation in Asia
Russo-Japanese War (1904-05)
Japan defeated the supposed mightier Russian power over land and sea, shocking the Western powers
culture system
required Dutch natives to use one-fifth of their land and one fifth of their time to grow crops for the Dutch
Mary Slessor
daughter of drunk and a God-fearing woman, she went to be a missionary in Africa, saving countless lives physically and spiritually and becoming the "queen" of a cannibal tribe, which she turned into a thriving Christian community
David Livingstone
originally planning to be a medical missionary in China, he was instead lead to Africa , ending their slave trade and bring them to the Lord; he lived there for so long that Great Britain sent an explorer to see if he was still alive
Henry Stanley
hired by Great Britain to go to Africa and see if David Livingston was still alive, sending back of his amazing endeavors
Cecil John Rhodes
directed British imperialism in Africa, granting him the title "the Empire Builder"
Foreign Legion
an elite army group that would figure prominently in the history of French imperialism established by King Louis Philippe
Leopold II
Belgian king who sent explorers into Africa to claim as much land as they could, but this land was eventually put under government control, because of his abusive treatment to the natives
Karl Peters
German explorer who claimed, among other places, German East Africa (modern Tanzania), preventing the British from having an uninterrupted stretch of territory from the Cape to Cairo
Anglo-Russian Entente
agreement that divided Persia (Iran) into three separate territories, temporarily ending the dispute between the British and Russia
List four possessions outside North America that the United States controlled by the end of the nineteenth century.
1) Hawaii
2) Puerto Rico
3) Cuba
4) the Philippines
What exploration was the basis for the English claim on Australia? What was unusual about the "settlers" there?
James Cook; most of them were convicts from British jails
What was Dutch colonists in South Africa called? What people did they fight for control of the mineral resources found in Transvaal and the Orange Free State?
Boers; the British
Define peninsulares, criollos, and mestizos.
peninsulares - Spanish civil officials
criollos - Spaniards who were born and raised in the New World
mestizos - people of mixed Spanish and Indian blood
Who were the two major leaders of South America's struggle for independence?
Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín
During what time period was the race among European nations for overseas possessions revived? What name was given to empire-building in which one country sought to extend its influence over another country?
1870-1914; imperialism
In what region of the world was it difficult for Western nations to establish Western culture? What form of control were they able to establish over that region?
Asia; commercial or economic
What was the immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny?
the Hindu and Muslim troops objected to using cartridges they though were greased with beef and pork fat
What is the name of the Chinese uprising that sought to rid China of Western influences?
the Boxer Rebellion
During what period of Japanese history was Japan transformed from an isolated, feudalistic society to a major industrial world power?
Meiji Period
What famous missionary opened the interior of Africa to the gospel message?
David Livingstone
What canal did Britain secure control of to protect her trade with India and the Far East?
the Suez Canal
What man directed Britain's imperialistic efforts in Southern Africa, becoming know as the "empire builder"? What was his goal for British imperialism in Africa?
Cecil Rhodes; an uninterrupted line of British territory stretching from Egypt to the Cape Colony---"from Cape to Cairo"
What European king personally an area in Africa seventy-five times larger than the size of his own country? What was that area called?
King Leopold II; the Congo
What congress of European nation in 1878 forced Russia to give up territorial gains in the Balkan region?
the Congress of Berlin
What were the major differences between the Northern and Southern states that led to the Civil War?
the North was primarily urban, industrial, and opposed to slavery; the South was predominantly rural, aristocratic, and thrived off of slavery
List six problems that Latin American countries experienced after gaining their independence.
1) political instability
2) monopoly of land and wealth by few
3) powerful influences of the Roman Catholic Church
4) racial disunity
5) division among the Latin American countries
6) economic weakness
7) European and United States involvement and interference
List four motives that prompted Europeans to build oversea empires.
1) the demands of industry for raw materials and new markets
2) intense nationalism between European nations
3) humanitarian concern
4) desire to take the Word of God to every land
How did the Russian method of imperialism differ from that of France and Britain?
Britain and France sought overseas territories, whereas Russia only wished to expand her borders
List two negative and two positive consequences associated with the imperialistic movement.
Negative:
1) Europeans often exploited the people and wealth of the native populations for their own selfish desires
2) Westerners degraded native culture, considering their own superior
3) Westerners often divided or combined territory with little regard for native boundaries and loyalties
Positive:
1) missionaries took the gospel to lands that had never heard about Christ
2) Westerners built schools, hospitals, and other buildings
3) also introduced railroads, industry, and technology