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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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genes
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A segment of DNA in which the sequence of nucleotides code for a specific protein (or part of a protein, which in turn produces a specific characteristic.
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interphase
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The phase of a cell's life cycle before cell division; genes are copied during this period.
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Cell Division
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The division of one cell into two cells; it includes mitosis and cytokinesis.
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Mitosis
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The duplicating and separating of a cell's chromosomes; usually followed by cytokinesis.
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Cytokinesis
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The division of the cytoplasm
during the process of cell division. |
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sister chromatid
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One of two identical chromosomes formed from one original chromosome during mitosis.
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Prophase
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The first phase of mitosis; chromosomes coil, and sister chromatids become obvious.
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Metaphase
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The second phase of mitosis; the chromosomes align by their centromeres across the middle of the spindle.
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Anaphase
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The third phase of mitosis; during this phase the daughter chromosomes move to opposite ends of the spindle.
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Telophase
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The last phase of mitosis; sister chromatids reach the ends of the spindle and the nucleus re-forms.
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asexual reproduction
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The production of a new organism without the joining gametes; reproduction that takes place by mitotic cell divisions.
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budding
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Asexual reproduction in which a portion of the parent separates from the parent to form a new organism.
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regeneration
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The ability to replace missing structures; in some organisms, serves as a method of asexual reproduction.
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spore
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A cell with a hard, protective covering, under favorable conditions it can produce a new organism.
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sexual reproduction
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The joining of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote, which develops into a new individual.
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meiosis
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The process whereby one diploid cell forms haploid cells (gametes).
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