Boards 1 - Dental Anatomy

Front 1

which teeth are more mineralized between primary and permanent

Back 1

permanent

Front 2

what is the difference in arch space/length from the primary to permanent dentition

Back 2

2-4mm

Front 3

what does the presence of mamelons after the age of 10 indicate

Back 3

open bite

Front 4

at what age does the calcification of the primary roots is completed

Back 4

3-4 y.o.

Front 5

what is the typical tooth eruption sequence for primary teeth

Back 5

central

lateral

1st molar

canine

2molar

Front 6

what are 2 general pattern for primary teeth eruption

Back 6

-front to back except for canines

-lowers before uppers except for lateral

Front 7

describe the primary eruption sequence Rule of 4

Back 7

-eruption of 4 teeth every 4 months

-start with 4 teeth at 7 months

Front 8

where does the primate space develop in the maxillary

Back 8

between lateral and canine primary dentition

Front 9

where does the primate space develop in the mandibular

Back 9

between the canine and the 1st premolar primary dentition

Front 10

what causes the primary spacing for anterior teeth

Back 10

most frequently caused by growth of the dental arches

Front 11

describe the direction of enamel rods of primary teeth

Back 11

-the direction of the rod in the cervical third grows in an occlusal direction unlike the permanent dentition where the rods grown in a more cervical (away from occlusal surface)

Front 12

between the primary or permanent molars, which have roots that are more divergent

Back 12

primary

Front 13

describe the root trunk of primary molars

Back 13

lacks an identifiable root trunk -> root trunk may be small or absent

Front 14

which primary tooth has the smallest F-L crown dimension

Back 14

mandibular central incisors

Front 15

which teeth are most bilaterally symmetrical tooth

Back 15

primary AND permanent mandibular central incisors

Front 16

in delayed resorption of primary incisors, where does the permanent incisors usually erupt

Back 16

lingually (shark teeth) to the primary incisors

Front 17

where does the primary maxillary central incisor exhibit a prominent cervical ridge

Back 17

both on the facial and lingual surfaces

Front 18

from the facial view, does the crown of a primary canine has a longer slope on the mesial or distal

Back 18

mesio-incisal ridge is longer than distal-incisal

Front 19

the cusp tip of a primary canine is generally off set to which direction

Back 19

distally, therefore making the medial slope longer in length

Front 20

which teeth does the crown of a maxillary 1st primary molar resembles

Back 20

permanent 1st premolar

Front 21

which teeth does the roots of the maxillary 1st primary molars resembles

Back 21

a typical permanent maxillary molar

Front 22

where is the cervical ridge most prominent for the primary maxillary 1st molar

Back 22

on the MF surface

Front 23

which primary tooth generally has an oblique ridge

Back 23

Maxillary 2nd molar

Front 24

which primary teeth is the only one to have an oblique ridge & transverse ridge & DL groove

Back 24

Maxillary 2nd molar

Front 25

which primary teeth exhibits a cusp of Carabelli

Back 25

Maxillary 2nd molar

Front 26

which primary tooth exhibits more cusps, maxillary 1st or maxillary 2nd molar

Back 26

maxillary 2nd molar

Front 27

which primary tooth has the MOST distinct prominent facial cervical ridge

Back 27

mandibular 1st molar (mesial side)

Front 28

On the facial view where is the CEJ most apically positioned

Back 28

medial side on the cervical third

Front 29

what triangular fossa does the primary mandibular 1st molar usually exhibit

Back 29

a distal triangular fossa

Front 30

where is the central fossa usually displaced in the primary mandibular 1st molar

Back 30

distally

Front 31

which primary tooth has the most distinctive transverse ridge

Back 31

mandibular 1st molar

Front 32

which permanent tooth does the primary mandibular molar look like

Back 32

none. the primary mandibular 1st molar differs most from any permanent teeth

Front 33

which cusp is the highest and sharpest on the primary mandibular 1st molar

Back 33

mesiolingual

Front 34

which teeth has primarily biting functions

Back 34

maxillary incisors

Front 35

which teeth has eh greatest facio-lingual axial inclination

Back 35

maxillary central incisors

Front 36

which teeth has the greatest cervical curvature on the medial side of any other tooth

Back 36

maxillary central incisors

Front 37

In general, what are the usual patterns of how the CEJ dips on each tooth

Back 37

-Anterior teeth > posterior teeth

-Maxillary teeth > Mandibular teeth

-Mesial side > distal side

Front 38

which teeth are the only ones where the distance is wider mesio-distally than facio-lingually

Back 38

maxillary central incisors

Front 39

which anterior teeth has the greatest mesio-distal crown dimension

Back 39

maxillary central incisors

Front 40

which teeth has nearly identical measurements for mesio-distal and inciso-cervical

Back 40

maxillary central incisors

Front 41

why is the lingual embrasures larger than the facial embrasures for maxillary incisors

Back 41

the contact between a maxillary central and lateral incisor makes the lingual embrace larger than the facial

Front 42

which install embrasure is the smallest for the maxillary incisors

Back 42

embrasure between the maxillary centrals is smaller than the embrasure between the central and lateral incisors

Front 43

which tooth has the most crown shape variation

Back 43

maxillary lateral incisors

-except for the third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors exhibit the most deviation in crown morphology

Front 44

maxillary lateral incisors most often are in abnormal relation and contact with adjacent teeth

Back 44

true

Front 45

except for the third molars, which tooth is most often congenitally missing

Back 45

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 46

which non-molar tooth most frequently has a mesial and distal pulp horn

Back 46

maxillary central incisor

Front 47

which non-molar tooth that is LEAST likely to have a bifurcated root

Back 47

maxillary central incisors

Front 48

which anterior teeth would most likely have lingual pit caries

Back 48

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 49

what anatomical features of a maxillary lateral incisor that may complicate root planning

Back 49

the distal lingual groove

Front 50

which maxillary anterior teeth has the greatest convexity in the disto-incisal angle

Back 50

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 51

which anterior teeth generally have the most prominent marginal ridges

Back 51

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 52

which anterior teeth has the most distinct and deepest lingual fossa

Back 52

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 53

which maxillary tooth has the smallest mesio-distal crown width

Back 53

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 54

which anterior teeth has nearly identical facio-lingual & mesio-distal measurements

Back 54

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 55

which maxillary incisors have a more narrow mesio-distal width

Back 55

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 56

described the contact location of maxillary anterior teeth

Back 56

I

Just

Jacked

Michael

Jackson's

Moped

Front 57

which maxillary teeth has the farthest cervical (away from gingiva) contact

Back 57

maxillary lateral incisors

Front 58

describe the distal contact of a maxillary lateral incisor

Back 58

distal contact is centered both inciso-cervially and facio-lingually

Front 59

describe the maxillary lateral incisor root length

Back 59

is usually equal to or longer than the maxillary central incisor root

Front 60

describe the cervical curvature of mandibular central incisors

Back 60

mesial cervical curvature is greater than the distal

Front 61

describe a common feature about mandibular incisors in terms of what you see in the Mesial and Distal root surfaces

Back 61

surfaces tend to be concave

Front 62

which teeth has the smallest crown dimensions

Back 62

mandibular central incisors

Front 63

which teeth has the most symmetrical crown

Back 63

mandibular central incisors

-difficult to tell between the left & right mandibular central incisors

Front 64

which teeth has the sharpest incisal angles

Back 64

mandibular central incisors (mesial and distal)

Front 65

describe the contact points for the mandibular central incisors

Back 65

-proximal contact at the same levels mesial and distal (incisal third)

-contact points at the same inciso-cervical level

Front 66

which teeth generally only occlude with one opposing tooth

Back 66

mandibular central incisors AND maxillary third molars

Front 67

which succedaneous tooth to erupt first in the mouth

Back 67

permanent mandibular central incisors

*remember permanent 1st molars are NOT succedaneous

Front 68

describe the buccal and lingual embrasures of mandibular central incisors

Back 68

they are the same size

Front 69

in relation to its long axis, where does the crown of a mandibular lateral incisor tilts

Back 69

distally

-can see the distal marginal ridge if looking straight from the mesial side

Front 70

compare the mesio-distal width of the mandibular central versus lateral

Back 70

the lateral is larger

Front 71

which anterior teeth has the greatest cervical prominence

Back 71

maxillary canines

Front 72

describe the vertical axis of a maxillary canine from a proximal view

Back 72

vertical line is straight along its axis (mesial or distal)

Front 73

which tooth has the greatest total tooth length

Back 73

maxillary canines

Front 74

which tooth has the longest root of ANY teeth

Back 74

maxillary canines

Front 75

which anterior tooth has the greatest facio-lingual crown dimension

Back 75

maxillary canines

Front 76

describe the canine distal contact

Back 76

it is centered (middle third)

Front 77

which teeth has the potential of contacting both anterior and posterior teeth

Back 77

maxillary canines

Front 78

describe the cusp tip location of the maxillary canine

Back 78

located facially to the long axis

-cusp is centered or slightly facial -> so if you are looking at the tooth from the incisal view, the lingual side is more visible

located at the middle facial lobe (opposite to mandibular canine)

Front 79

describe the crown of a maxillary canine

Back 79

-has a distal bulge (mesial and distal are not symmetrical)

-has pentagonal shape from facial view

Front 80

which tooth has the straightest mesial alignment of crown to root

Back 80

mandibular canines

-mesial surface is almost parallel to the long axis

Front 81

which teeth has the longest crown dimension

Back 81

mandibular canines

Front 82

compare the canines in terms of

-cingulum size

-distance mesio-distally

Back 82

-maxillary canine has larger cingulum

-maxillary canine has larger width mesio-distally

Front 83

which anterior teeth most frequently exhibit a bifurcated root

Back 83

mandibular canine

-when bifurcation is present it creates a facial and lingual root

Front 84

which mandibular tooth has the longest root length

Back 84

mandibular canine

*remember that maxillary canines has the longest root of ANY tooth

Front 85

describe how the cross section of the root of a mandibular canine would look

Back 85

-at the CEJ = ovoid (wider mesio-disally at the labial)

-at cervical = flatten in a mesio-distal direction

Front 86

how does the mandibular canine contacts differs from the maxillary canines

Back 86

contact is located more incisally

Front 87

describe the shape of a mandibular canine when viewed from the inter proximal side

-from incisal to apical end

-from crown tip to root apex

Back 87

-has a continuous convex facial surface

-makes a C shape

Front 88

describe the incisal edge of a mandibular canine

Back 88

is lingual to long axis when viewed at the incisal side (opposite of maxillary canine)

-therefore you see more of the facial aspect of the tooth when looking at the occlusal view

Front 89

which maxillary teeth has the most pronounced developmental marginal groove

Back 89

maxillary 1st premolar (on the mesial side)

Front 90

why is it difficult to adapt a matrix band to the maxillary 1st premolar

Back 90

it has a mesial concavity

Front 91

describe the shape of a cross section of a maxillary 1st premolar at the CEJ

-root

-pulp chamber

Back 91

-kidney shape root

-kidney shape pulp chamber floor

Front 92

which non-molar tooth most frequently exhibits 3 roots

Back 92

maxillary 1st premolar

-this tooth normally has 2 roots

Front 93

describe the facial cusp of a maxillary 1st premolar

Back 93

it is offset to the distal -> has longer mesio-facial cusp ridge than disto-facial

*note: is also true for PRIMARY maxillary canines

Front 94

which premolars have the steepest cusp inclines

Back 94

maxillary 1st premolar

Front 95

describe the lingual cusp of a maxillary premolars

Back 95

it is offset to the mesial (opposite of the buccal cusp which is offset to the distal)

Front 96

which posterior teeth has the greatest cervico-occlusal crown height

Back 96

maxillary 1st premolar

Front 97

which non-molar teeth have the sharpest demarcation between the pulp chamber and canal

Back 97

maxillary 1st premolar

Front 98

compare the cusp position between the maxillary 1st versus 2nd premolar

Back 98

-the size and position of the cusps on the 2nd premolar are more identical

-the height of the cusps on the 2nd premolar are equal in height unlike the 1st premolar

Front 99

which posterior tooth is the most symmetrical

Back 99

maxillary 2nd premolars

Front 100

describe the grooves of a maxillary 2nd premolar

Back 100

has a short central groove with lots of supplemental grooves that that make it look "wrinkly"

Front 101

which teeth has the fossa that are closest in size

Back 101

maxillary 2nd premolar

Front 102

describe the triangular ridge of a mandibular 1st premolar

Back 102

-has uniquely prominent triangular ridge which makes the tooth looks like it has "snake eyes"

-has no central grooves

-has a separate mesial and distal pit due to the triangular ridge

Front 103

describe the developmental groove on the mandibular 1st premolar

Back 103

-mesio-lingual developmental groove originates from the occlusal pit

-mesio-lingual developmental groove extends onto the proximal surface

Front 104

what is a identifying characteristic of a mandibular 1st premolar

Back 104

the only tooth with a mesio-lingual groove

Front 105

why does the mandibular 1st premolar have a mesial marginal ridge that runs at a 45 degrees angle

and how does this affect the occlusal view looking from the distal versus the mesial side

Back 105

-due to the presence of the mesio-lingual developmental groove

-the mesial marginal ridge is located more cervically than the distal marginal ridge (more occlusally) -> therefore more of the occlusal surface can be seen when looking from the mesial side

Front 106

what is the occlusal shape of a mandibular 1st premolar

Back 106

diamond

Front 107

in the rare event of a second canal for a mandibular 1st premolar, where is it most likely located

Back 107

to the lingual

Front 108

which premolar is the only premolar to frequently have only one pulp horn

Back 108

mandibular 1sr premolar

Front 109

compare the height between the lingual and facial cusps of a mandibular 1st premolar

Back 109

the lingual cusp height is ~2/3 of the height of the facial cusp

*note: the lingual cusp is similar in development to cingulum of a canine

Front 110

which teeth does the lingual cusp of the mandibular 1st premolar occlude during normal occlusion

Back 110

none

Front 111

which posterior teeth has the most variation in cusp height between the facial versus lingual cusps

Back 111

mandibular 1st premolar

Front 112

where is the facial attached gingival narrowest

Back 112

on the facial aspect of mandibular premolars

Front 113

which posterior tooth has the smallest facio-lingual measurements

Back 113

mandibular 1st premolar

Front 114

which mandibular teeth has dimensions in the facio-lingual and mesio-distal that are closest in diameter

Back 114

mandibular 1st premolar

*note the maxillary lateral incisors have closest dimensions for ANTERIOR teeth

Front 115

what is the basic coronal outline shape of mandibular 2nd molar viewed in the occlusal side

Back 115

pentagon

*note: occlusal table shape is RECTANGULAR

Front 116

which premolar is most likely to have a crescent-shaped central developmental groove

Back 116

mandibular 2nd premolar

-Y, U or H shape (Y most common)

Front 117

where is the shortest interdental papilla located

Back 117

between mandibular 2nd premolar and 1st molar

Front 118

describe the cusps and pits on a mandibular 2nd molar with Y type grooves

Back 118

-cusp: has 1 facial and 2 lingual cusp

-pits: 3 (same as maxillary 1st molar) -> mesial, central & lateral

Front 119

which premolar are the only ones that have multiple lingual cusps

Back 119

mandibular 2nd premolars

Front 120

which premolar are the only ones what have a lingual groove

Back 120

mandibular 2nd premolars (located more distally unlike mandibular 1st premolar which is located mesio-lingual)

Front 121

which premolars are the only ones to have a central fossa

Back 121

mandibular 2nd premolars

Front 122

which premolar most frequently has a single central pit

Back 122

mandibular 2nd premolar

Front 123

which premolar is the most congenitally missing premolar

Back 123

mandibular 2nd premolar

Front 124

what shape is the occlusal outline form of a maxillary first molar

Back 124

rhomboidal

-the mesio-facial and disto-lingual angles tend to form an acute angle while the mesio-lingual and disto-facial angles tend to form an obtuse angle

Front 125

which angles on the maxillary 1st molar makes up its oblique ridge

Back 125

mesio-lingual and disto-facial

Front 126

describe how the maxillary 1st molar is tapered

Back 126

towrds the facial and therefore the buccal embrasure is larger than the lingual

Front 127

what are the most prone part of the facial and lingual surfaces of molars

Back 127

the lingual of maxillary and the facial of mandibular

Front 128

which root is the largest in a maxillary 1st molar

Back 128

the palatal (lingual side)

Front 129

what is the smallest root in a maxillary 1st molar

Back 129

the disto-buccal root

-mesio-buccal root needs room for MB2 so it will be bigger than the disto-buccal root

Front 130

from the facial view, where is the apex of the lingual root alined

Back 130

lingual root is in line with re facial groove of the tooth

Front 131

from the lingual view, where is the apex of the lingual root alined

Back 131

lingual root is lined with the midpoint of the mesio-distal diameter

Front 132

when a 4th pulp canal is present in a maxillary 1st molar, where is it located

Back 132

in the mesio-buccal canal

Front 133

for a maxillary 1st molar, list distance from the cervical line of the 3 furcations in ascending order

Back 133

mesial < buccal < distal

Front 134

for a maxillary 1st molar, what forms the distal boundary of the central fossa

Back 134

the oblique ridge

Front 135

for a maxillary 1st molar, the center of the oblique ridge is at the same level with what

Back 135

height of the oblique ridge is at the same level/height with the marginal ridge

Front 136

where does the mesio-lingual cusp of a maxillary first molar occlude

Back 136

in the central fossa of the mandibular molars

Front 137

which teeth has the greatest facio-lingual crown diameter of ALL teeth

Back 137

maxillary 1st molar

Front 138

which maxillary posterior teeth has the closest facio-lingual and mesio-disto measurements with each other

Back 138

maxillary 1st molar

Front 139

compare the mesio-disto dimension of a maxillary 1st molar on the facial versus the lingual side

Back 139

the facial side is wider than the lingual side

Front 140

for a maxillary 1st molar, which cusp is not part of the molar's cusp triangle

Back 140

the disto-lingual cusp

Front 141

for a maxillary 1st molar, which cusp is the largest and longest

Back 141

the mesio-lingual

Front 142

which tooth is most likely forced into the maxillary sinus during an extraction

Back 142

maxillary 1st molar

Front 143

how does the maxillary 1st molar create a problem for matrix placement

Back 143

the distal concavity makes it challenging to place the matrix band around the tooth

Front 144

compare the disto-lingual groove of a maxillary 1st versus a maxillary 2nd molar

Back 144

the disto-lingual groove of the 1st molar is shorter than the 2nd molar

Front 145

for a maxillary 2nd molar, which cusp is not part of the molar's cusp triangle

Back 145

the disto-lingual cusp

Front 146

what is the shape of a maxillary 2nd molar if the disto-lingual cusp is missing

Back 146

3 cusp type heart shape

-as you move progressively towards the posterior the cusps gets smaller and therefore the disto-lingual cusp of a maxillary 2nd molar is sometimes missing

Front 147

compare the inclination and deviation of the roots between a maxillary 1st and 2nd molar

Back 147

the roots of a maxillary 2nd molar tend to be LESS divergent and greater inclinations compare with the maxillary 1st molar

Front 148

for a maxillary 2nd molar, what is the shape of the cross sectional outline at the cervical

Back 148

roughly triangular

Front 149

for the mandibular 1st molar, what pattern describes the grooves

Back 149

Y or Dryopethicus pattern

Front 150

what is the occlusal outline of the mandibular 1st molar

Back 150

pentagon

Front 151

for the mandibular 1st molar, list the cusp size in descending order

Back 151

MB > ML > DL > DB > D

Front 152

which teeth has the largest mesio-distal crown dimension of ANY tooth

Back 152

mandibular 1st molar,

-think of how this tooth has 3 cusps on the buccal

Front 153

which mandibular teeth are the only one that has a wider mesio-distal measurement over the facio-lingual

Back 153

mandibular 1st molar

Front 154

which posterior teeth are the only one that has a wider mesio-distal measurement over the facio-lingual

Back 154

mandibular 1st molar

-has the greatest mesio-disto diameter of all the molars

Front 155

which mandibular teeth has the largest facio-lingual dimension

Back 155

mandibular 1st molar

*note that the maxillary 1st molar has the largest facio-lingual length of ALL teeth

Front 156

which teeth has the largest occluso-cervical crown dimension of any mandibular molars

Back 156

mandibular 1st molar

Front 157

describe the facial surface of a mandibular 1st AND 2nd molar in respect to its position with the mandible ramus

Back 157

facial surfaces of mandibular molars are located medial to the border of the ascending rams

Front 158

how can you differentiate between mandibular 1st versus 2nd molars according developmental grooves

Back 158

mandibular 2nd molar has 1 buccal groove versus the mandibular 1st molar has 2 grooves (buccal and disto-facial)

Front 159

what is the name of the developmental groove between the disto-buccal and distal cusp of a mandibular 1st molar

Back 159

disto-facial groove

Front 160

describe the usual number of roots and canals for a mandibular 1st molar

Back 160

-2 roots

-mesial is bigger

-3 canals

-mesial has 2 canals

Front 161

which teeth have the longest root of any molars

Back 161

mandibular 1st molar

*note that eh maxillary canine has the longest root of ANY tooth

Front 162

which teeth have the greatest root separation of ANY other teeth

Back 162

mandibular 1st molar

Front 163

which tooth has the greatest facio-lingual dimension of ANY other root

Back 163

mandibular 1st molar

Front 164

where does the disto-buccal cusp of the mandibular occlude

Back 164

in the central fossa of the maxillary molar

Front 165

what is the ideal position and height of the lingual cusp of a mandibular 1st molar

Back 165

one that accommodates working movements

Front 166

where is the shortest interdental papilla located

Back 166

between the mandibular 2nd premolar and 1st molar

Front 167

what is the groove pattern for a mandibular 2nd molar

Back 167

cross (+) pattern or cruiform occlusal pattern

Front 168

how can you distinguish between the mesial and distal side of a mandibular 2nd molar

Back 168

the largest facio-lingual diameter is in the mesial 1/3 side

Front 169

describe general pattern of mandibular molars in terms of their measurements mesio-distal and facio-lingual

Back 169

-mandibular molars are the only posterior teeth that are wider mesio-distally over facio-lingually

-mandibular molars are the only mandibular teeth that are wider mesio-distally over facio-lingually

Front 170

how does the crown of a mandibular 2nd molar incline

Back 170

inclines to the mesial and lingual

*think of how the larger mesio-lingual cusps weighs down the rest of the tooth

Front 171

describe the position of a mandibular 2nd molar in terms of:

-long axis of the root

-long axis of the crown

Back 171

-long axis of the root apices is more facially located

-long axis of the crown is more lingually located

Front 172

which molars are the only tooth to contact only 1 opposing tooth in occlusion

Back 172

maxillary 3rd molars

*note: mandibular central incisors alos occlude with only 1 tooth

Front 173

which molars most frequently has only 3 cusps

Back 173

maxillary 3rd molars

Front 174

what is the shape of a maxillary 3rd molar in occlusal view

Back 174

heart shape

-usually missing the disto-lingual cusp

Front 175

which tooth has the most variation in crown morphology of ANY tooth

-general morphological variation as well

Back 175

mandibular 3rd molar

Front 176

which tooth has the greatest distal root inclination of any other tooth

Back 176

mandibular 3rd molar

Front 177

which mandibular tooth has the shortest root

Back 177

mandibular 3rd molar

Front 178

describe the general root pattern and canals of both maxillary and mandibular teeth (not including 3rd molars)

Back 178

Front 179

how does the condyles move when the mandible move from centric occlusion -> edge to edge (central incisors touching each other)

Back 179

the condyles move forward and downwards

Front 180

how does a non-working condyle move

Back 180

downward, forward, and medially

*note: working side is the side where the mandible move towards

Front 181

which guidance plays the greatest role in discludingthe posterior teeth in latero-protrusive

Back 181

anterior guidance

-when your jaw move out of centric occlusion using canine guidance for example, your posterior teeth do not touch each other in occlusion anymore

Front 182

how are teeth positioned during NON masticatory swallowing

Back 182

teeth are in contact in intercuspal position

Front 183

what almost exclusively determines intercuspal position (or centric occlusion)

Back 183

tooth contact

Front 184

compare and contrast how centric relation and centric occlusion are guided into position

Back 184

-centric relation is a ligament guided position

-centric occlusion is a tooth guided position (most comfortable position when your teeth comes together)

Front 185

in Posselt's envelop of motion, where is the maximum intercuspal position located

Back 185

at the most superior point

*on the diagram it is at "CO"

Front 186

what is centric occlusion synonymous to what

Back 186

intercuspal position

Front 187

define Bennet movement

Back 187

the side swipe of the mandible

-the bodily shift of the mandible towards the woking condyle

-occurs at eh earliest stage of lateral movement

Front 188

define Postral position

Back 188

physiological resting position

-usually 2-4mm below ICP/CO

Front 189

what determines the mandibular postural position

Back 189

almost exclusively by the behavior of the mandibular musculature

-is a muscle guided position

Front 190

what muscles will you use when moving from the postural position to centric occlusion

Back 190

anterior fibers of temporalis muscle (elevates the mandible therefore closing the mouth)

Front 191

define the Curve of Spee

Back 191

anterior-posterior curvature of the occlusal surfaces as seen in a buccal view

*think of weeeee as you slide down

Front 192

define Curve of Wilson

Back 192

right to left curvature of the occlusal plane of posterior teeth (perpendicular to Curve of Spee)

Front 193

contrast overjet versus overbite

Back 193

overjet = horizontal overlap (front and back)

-usually 2-4mm

overbit = vertical overlap (up and down)

Front 194

what is the hardest dental tissue and what is it made of

Back 194

enamel

-made of inorganic matter (NOT collagen)

Front 195

define Perikymata

Back 195

depressions outside the tooth as a result of normal enamel apposition

Front 196

define Retzius

Back 196

development disturbances inside the tooth that run obliquely from the the DEJ to enamel surfaces

Front 197

where does dentin continue to form on a tooth that has multiple roots

Back 197

dentin continues to form MOST rapidly at the floor and roof of the pulp chamber

Front 198

what type of dentin does caries stimulate to form

Back 198

tertiary dentin

Front 199

when does 2nd dentin form

Back 199

formed after root formation is complete, normally after the tooth has erupted and is functional -> maintains its incremental aspect of growth

Front 200

what percentage of dentin is organic

Back 200

20-30%

Front 201

what is the primary function of the dental pulp

Back 201

is to form dentin

*it is NOT to nourish the tooth or provide sensation (these are functions but NOT the main function)

Front 202

how is dentin formed

Back 202

by the dental papilla and the pulp

Front 203

which dentin is more mineralized

Back 203

intratubular or peritubular dentin

-these wrap around the odontoblast extensions

Front 204

where is the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) located

Back 204

at the junction between the dental papilla and the inner enamel epithelium

Front 205

what are the dental papilla cells that are in contact with the inner enamel epithelium called

Back 205

odontoblasts

Front 206

what is dental papilla synonymous with

Back 206

dental pulp

Front 207

what is the softest dental tissue

Back 207

cementum

Front 208

describe the two types of cementum

Back 208

-Acellular: located at the coronal 2/3

-Cellular: located at the apical 1/3 (where all the nerves and blood supply are)

Front 209

what shape do the arrangements of teeth make when they are view from the occlusal side

Back 209

parabolic (a parabola) -> U shape

Front 210

describe the arrangement of mandibular posterior teeth in the arch from an occlusal view

Back 210

the 4 posterior teeth in the mandibular arch are alined in a straight line

Front 211

generally how does the number of lobes relate to the number of cusps for posterior teeth

Back 211

the number of lobes that form the posterior teeth coincides with the number of cusp it has

Front 212

name 4 exception to the general rule that all teeth develop from 4 lobes

Back 212

-mandibular 1st molar (5 lobes b/c 5 total cusp)

-maxillary 1st molar (5 lobes b/c of cusp of Carabeli)

-maxillary 2nd molar 3 cusp type

-3rd molars may develop from 4 or 5 lobes

Front 213

what do developmental groove separates

Back 213

separates cusp ridges from marginal ridges

*ie mandibular 1st molar has 2 buccal grooves that separates the different lobes

Front 214

how are transverse ridges form

Back 214

from the union of the facial and lingual triangular ridges

*image is of max 1st molar

Front 215

which teeth normally has a cingulum

Back 215

all 12 anterior teeth

Front 216

what percentage of the total facio-lingo dimension do the occlusal table of a posterior teeth make up

Back 216

55-66%

Front 217

what does the periodontium comprise of

Back 217

gingiva, PDL, cementum & alveolar bone

*the epithelial attachment (junctional epithelium) is often considered part of a tooth's periodontium

Front 218

how does thickness of PDL change with age

Back 218

is usually 0.2mm wide -> decrease to 0.1mm with old age due to deposition of cementum and bone

Front 219

what does PDL fibers attach to

Back 219

PDL fibers attach tooth (cementum) to dental alveolar bone

Front 220

what does gingival fibers attach to

Back 220

gingival fibers attach tooth (cementum) to gingiva

Front 221

what is the predominant tissue for PDL fibers

Back 221

Type 1 collagen

Front 222

name the 3 types of PDL fibers and where they are located

Back 222

-transseptal fibers: tooth to adjacent tooth

*these are actually gingival fibers, NOT PDL

-oblique fibers: tooth (cementum) to alveolar bone

-inter-ridicular fibers: root to root

Front 223

which PDL fibers provide the major support for a tooth during function

Back 223

oblique fibers

-reduces the likelihood of forceful impaction into the alveolus

Front 224

which PDL fibers are most likely to be found in the middle third of a root

Back 224

oblique fibers

*they are the most prevalent fibers of the three

Front 225

about what percentage of root formation is completed at the time of tooth eruption for permanent teeth

Back 225

50%

Front 226

when is the apex of a tooth fully formed after it erupts in the mouth

Back 226

2-3 years

Front 227

where is the facial height of contour found for most teeth

Back 227

at the cervical third EXCEPT for mandibular molars

Front 228

where is the lingual height of contour found for most teeth

Back 228

-Anterior teeth = cervical third

-posterior teeth = middle third

*EXCEPT man 2nd PM is in occlusal third

Front 229

describe the 4 general rule about the position of a cervical line on a tooth

Back 229

CEJ dips deeper (towards the crown) on

-maxillary over mandibular

-Anterior over posterior teeth

-mesial side over the distal side

-greatest on the mesial of the maxillary central incisor

Front 230

define hypercementosis

Back 230

excess of calcified tissue (cementum) formation at the root apex

Front 231

where are supernumerary teeth usually found

Back 231

on maxilla, between centrals or sometimes rarely as 4th molars

Front 232

define concresecence

Back 232

when cementum of two teeth join together

Front 233

define oligodontia

Back 233

a developmental abnormality characterized by the presence of fewer teeth than normal

Front 234

define anodontia

Back 234

condition of missing all teeth

Front 235

describe the eruption pattern of permanent dentition

Back 235

Front 236

what are the 3 cardinal eruption rule for permanent teeth

Back 236

1. girls teeth erupt before boys

2. mandibular erupts before maxillary

3. teeth of skinny kids erupt before fat kids

Front 237

when do permanent teeth begin to form

Back 237

at 4 moths in utero (mandibular 1st molar)

Front 238

what is the 1st succedaneous tooth to erupt

Back 238

mandibular central incisors

*note: mandibular 1st molar is NOT a succedaneous tooth

Front 239

describe the general calcification of 1st molars and central incisors

Back 239

-1st molars: at birth

-central incisors: 3-4 moths after birth

Front 240

describe 2 general rule for root formation

Back 240

at eruption: 50% root

-active eruption occurs after 1/2 of root is form

2-3 years after eruption: 100% root

-apex of root fully develop by 2-3 years after eruption

Front 241

describe general eruption sequence, calcification, and root completion for permanent teeth

(this is a reference slide)

Back 241