Bms 508 Exam 3

Front 1

Gastrin

Back 1

secretedby G cells in duodenum
promotes increased stomach motility
Stimulates acids and enzyme production

Front 2

Secretin

Back 2

released when chyme arrives in duodenum
increases secretion of bile and buffers by pancreas

Front 3

Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP)

Back 3

Inhibits the secretion of gastric juice/gastrin

Front 4

cholecystokinin (CCK)

Back 4

secreted when fats and carbohydrates enter the small intestine
accelerates pancreatic production and secretion of digestive enzzymes; relaxes hepatopancreatic sphincter and gallbladder, which ejects bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum

Front 5

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)

Back 5

stimulates secretion of intestinal glands, dilates regional capillaries, and inhibits acid production

Front 6

Products of glycolysis

Back 6

3-carbon pyruvic acid (pyruvate = ionized form of pyruvic acid)

Front 7

Products of citric acid cycle

Back 7

one molecule of GTP (guanosine triphosphate

Front 8

Product of oxidative phosphorylation

Back 8

2 H2 + 2O2 --> 2 H2O

Front 9

From the citric acid cycle, which yields the most energy?

Back 9

NADH

Front 10

What do you need for glycolysis

Back 10

NAD, ATP, glucose, and ADP

Front 11

When is the carbon dioxide of respiration formed?

Back 11

Citric acid cycle

Front 12

How many net ATP molecules are produced by the complete metabolism of one glucose?

Back 12

36

Front 13

When NAD+ is reduced, it becomes _____. When NADH is oxidized, it becomes ______.

Back 13

NADH, NAD+

Front 14

What are the end products of aerobic respiration?

Back 14

carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Front 15

What is the synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrates called

Back 15

gluconeogenesis

Front 16

What is not required for glycolysis

Back 16

pyruvic acid (it's created by it!!!)

Front 17

What happens with beta-oxidation?

Back 17

it yields large amounts of ATP
it occurs in the mitochondria
fatty acids break down into two-carbon fragments
it requires coenzyme A, NAD, and FAD

Front 18

Removal of the amino group from amino acids in the first step of their catabolism requires a coenzyme derived from:

Back 18

vitamin B6

Front 19

What is transamination

Back 19

the amino group of an amino acid is transferred to a keto acid

Front 20

Where is urea produced, and what can high levels produce?

Back 20

liver, gout

Front 21

What happens in the absorptive state

Back 21

amino acids are being used to supply the mitochondria with Acetyl CoA
lipid catabolism is high
insulin drives the most pathways in it

Front 22

what happens in the postabsorptive state

Back 22

glycogenlysis (death of glycogen) and gluconeogensis (creation of glycogen from non-glucose sources) occur in the liver, ketone bodies may be formed (and build up), and fat mobilization occurs

Front 23

G cells

Back 23

secrete gastrin

Front 24

chief cells

Back 24

secrete pepsinogen (which is converted to pepsin by hcl)

Front 25

parietal cells

Back 25

secrete intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid