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65 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

medulla becomes the spinal cord at ___
bony landmark for this is ___

cervicomedullary junction
foramen magnum

cerebral arterial sinus is present in the ___ space

subarachnoid

cerebral v.s run in the ___ space
they send ___ v.s which traverse the ___ space and drain into ___

subarachnoid
bridging
subdural
sinuses

Virchow-Robin space is a ______ extension of ___ which occurs at ___

inward
subarachnoid space
where vessels penetrate brain parenchyma

___ lobe rests on superior aspect of tentorium

temporal

___ sits between the 2 slopes of tentorium

midbrain

Opening through which the midbrain passes:

tentorial incisura (or notch)

Above the tentorial incisura is an opening for ___

great vein of Galen

After entering ___, the great vein of Galen joins the ___ to make the ___.

falx
inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus

Straight sinus joins with the ___ to make the ___, aka the ___.

superior sagittal sinus
confluence of sinues
torcular Herophili

The confluence of sinuses has ___ for inputs
and ___ for outputs

straight sinus
superior sagittal sinus
occipital sinus
transverse sinuses

From choroid plexus of lateral ventricle:


CSF flows through ___ to the ___,
through ___ to ___,
through ___ to ___ space

foramina of Monro
3rd ventricle
cerebral (Silvian) aqueduct
4th ventricle
foramina of Magendie and Luschka
subarachnoid
CSF in subarachnoid space flows from ___ inferiorly to ___
and then superiorly to ___
before returning to venous circulation via ___
cisterna magna
lumbar cistern
prepontine cistern
perimesencephalic cisterns
arachnoid granulations
3 perimesencephalic cisterns
interpeduncular
ambient
quadrigeminal
interpeduncular fossa contains CN ___
3

prepontine cistern contains ___ (2)

basilar artery
CN6

Arachnoid villi go through ___

meningeal dura
3 kinds of herniation
subfalcine
transtentorial
tonsillar
2 kinds of transtentorial herniation
central
uncal
uncal herniation means ___
inferomedial compression of medial temporal lobe into tentorial incisura

uncal herniation pw ___ (3)
and sometimes with ___

blown pupil
hemiplagia
coma
PCA stroke

in uncal herniation, blown pupil is ___lateral
hemiplagia is ___lateral

ipsi
ipsi or contra

central herniation pw ___ if mild
and ___ if severe

CN6 palsy
tonsillar herniation

tonsillar herniation pw ___ (3)

respiratory arrest
BP instability
death
subfalcine herniation pw ___
and sometimes with ___
nothing (usually)
ACA stroke

Symptomatic acute subdural hemorrhage requires ___.



It is associated with ___ (2)

high impact velocity



traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
and brain contusion

T/F:
Prognosis for symptomatic acute SDH is better than for SAH?

false: usually worse

SDH begins to liquefy after ___



SDH is completely liquefied after ___

1--2 weeks



3--4 weeks

Old SDH with intermittent bleeding appears as ___ on CT, occassionally with ___

mixed density
HCT effect
HCT effect means
gradient with hyperdensity at bottom
___% of SAH is from ruptured aneurysm
75--80
circle of willis branch points most prone to berry aneurysms IDOOF
AComm (30% of all aneurysms)
PComm (25%)
MCA (20%)
___ end of PComm is the one prone to aneurysm
this pw ___
ICA
painful CN3 palsy
cerebral contusion happens where ___, especially ___ (2)
gyri hit bony ridges of skull
frontal pole
temporal pole
pattern common with cerebral contusion
coup and contrecoup
contusion is associated with ___ (3)
SDH
SAH
intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH)
3 causes of IPH
HTN
amyloid angiopathy
vascular malformation
2 histopath changes in hypertensive IPH
lipohyalinosis
Charcot-Bouchard micoraneurysm
amyloid angiopathy is associated with ___ IPH
lobar
4 kinds of vascular malformations
of these, ___ are prone to hemorrhage
AVM
cavernoma
capillary telangiectasia
developmental venous anomalies
AVM
cavernoma
AVMs are ___
tangle of abnormal vessels with direct connections between A + V
cavernomas are ___ with ___
dilated vascular cavities
1 endothelial layer
T/F: cavernomas are visible on angio
false
cavernomas are dxed with ___
MRI
cerebral aqueduct flows through ___
midbrain
lateral walls of 3rd ventricle are made by ___ superiorly
and inferiorly by ___
floor of 3rd ventricle is made by ___
roof of 3rd ventricle is made by ___
thalami
hypothalamus
hypothalamus
fornices
floor of foramina of Monro is made by ___
anterior wall of a foramen of Monro is made by ___
posterior wall of a foramen of Monro is made by ___
anterior commisure
column of fornix
anterior thalamus
roof of anterior horn of lateral ventricle is made by ___
medial wall is made by ___
lateral wall is made by ___
corpus callosum
septum pellucidum
caudate nucleus
septum pellucidum extends from ___ superiorly to ___ inferiorly
corpus callosum
fornix
floor of temporal horn of lateral ventricle is made by ___
hippocampus
only the ___ dura extends inferiorly to the foramen magnum
meningeal
choroid plexus is present in ___ of lateral ventricle
body
atrium
temporal horn
choroid plexus is perfused by ___
anterior choroidal a.
medial posterior choroidal a.
lateral posterior choroidal a.
anterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
temporal horn
medial posterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
3rd ventricle
anterior body
lateral posterior choroidal a. perfuses choroid plexus of ___
atrium
posterior body
choroidal a.s access intraventricular space of lateral ventricles via ___
choroidal fissure
choroidal fissure is made of ___
pia-lined invaginated ependyma
choroidal fissure is squeezed between ___
it is shaped like a ___
it is an interface between ___ and ___
thalamus
fimbria and body of fornix
C
subarachnoid space
intraventricular space
medial posterior choroidal a. runs through a potential space called ___ formed by a structure called ___
velum interpositum
tela choroidea
tela choroidea is formed by ___
pia-lined ependyma which invaginates anteriorly under the body of the fornix
velum interpositum is continuous posteriorly with ___
transverse cerebral fissure
in addition to the medial posterior choroidal a., tela choroidea houses ___
internal cerebral veins
lateral posterior choroidal a. accesses chroidal fissure via ___
transverse cerebral fissure
anterior choroidal a. access choroidal fissure via ___
ambient cistern