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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-force of blood against vessel walls |
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systolic |
ventricles contract |
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diastolic |
ventricles relax |
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average healthy Blood Pressure |
120/70 |
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hypertension |
high BP |
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local control |
achieved thru several methods of autoregulation ability of a tissue to regulate its own blood flow |
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homeostatic equilibrium |
decreased blood to tissue hypoxia, waste accumulation stimulates vasodilation increases blood to tissue increases oxygen, decreases wastes vessels constrict
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vasoactive chemicals |
chemicals that stimulate blood vessel movement (dilation or constriction) during trauma, inflammation, exercise: release of histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins cells lining blood vessels (endothelial cells) |
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reactive hyperemia |
-greater than normal blood flow to a tissue |
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angiogenesis |
growth of new blood vessels
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neural control |
vasomotor center of medulla oblongata baroreflex chemoreflex medullary ischemic reflex |
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baroreflex |
-control short-term BP, as in changing posture |
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baroreflex pathway |
BP rises detected by baroreceptors signal to medulla inhibits sympathetic neuron signals HR decreased, cardiac output decreased, vasodilation BP decreases if BP decreases increased sympathetic output from medulla HR, etc. increased, vasoconstriction BP increases |
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chemoreflex |
-responds to changes in blood chemistry (pH, O2, CO2) |
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vasomotion is affected like this: |
hypoxemia (low O2), hypercapnia (high CO2), or acidosis (low pH) detected by chemoreceptors medulla ↓ parasym. and ↑ symp. signals ↑ HR, SV and vasoconstriction increased BP increased blood to lungs increased gas exchange
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breathing rate is affected like this |
chemoreceptors detect problem medulla & pons breathing muscles increased breathing rate & depth increased gas exchange |
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the medulla monitors its own blood supply |
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medullary ischemic reflex blood supply pathway |
lowered blood flow to brain response by medulla cardiac and vasomotor centers send sympathetic signals to heart and blood vessels |