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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alkaline phosphotase
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used to detect liver and bone disease
large amount of enzyme found in bones and liver |
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AST (aspartate transaminase)
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AST indicates tissue necrosis
highly increases after MI and with viral hepatitis decreases in azotemia and malnutrition |
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ALT (alanine transaminase)
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used to evaluate acute hepatitis, and other liver diseases
ALT can be used to monitor the course of treatment for hepatitis |
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GGT (gamma glutamyltransferase)
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Used to evaluate hepatobiliary diseases and alcohol abuse
MOST sensitive test for detecting liver damage due to alcohol Good for detecting obstructive jaundice and gallbladder disease. |
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LDH (lactic acid dehydrogenase)
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levels increase in MI, skeletal muscle injury and liver injury
Relatively nonspecific indicator of tissue damage |
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Amylase
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Used to detect and monitor clinical course of acute pancreatitis
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Complete blood count
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One of the most frequently ordered lab procedures
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Hemoglobin
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Check and monitor anemias
Total Hb depends on the number of RBCs and also the amount of Hb in each RBC |
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Red Blood Cell Count
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Used to evaluate bleeding, anemia, RBC production
Low RBC count indicates anemia High RBC count indicates polycythemia |
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Hematocrit (Hct)
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The red cell volume expressed as a percentage of the whole blood volume
Decreased mean anemias Increased means polycythemia |
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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR or sed rate)
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Rate of fall of RBCs in plasma in one hour in a rube of standard diameter
Not diagnostic for any particular reason, but rather an indication that a disease process is ongoing and must be investigated |
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Peripheral Blood Smear
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Gives vast amounts of info
shows FBEs Show size, shape, and structure of individual RBCs and WBCs A good estimate of platelet count |
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White Blood Cell Count (Leukocyte Count)
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A count of the total number of white blood cells
Serves as a guide to the severity of the disease process |
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Leukocytosis
Leukopenia |
Many causes, shows infections
Many causes, viral infections, overwhelming bacterial infections, bone marrow failure |
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Neutrophils
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seen in acute bacterial infections, inflammation, acute hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, and some viral diseases
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Eosinophils
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elevated with allergies, asthma, and parasitic infections, especially worms
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Basophils
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Used to study allergic reactions
Increased in basophilic leukemia, myeloid metaplasia, and hodgkins dz |
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Monocytes
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high levels seen in leukemia, multiple myeloma, Hodgkins, bacterial or parasitic infections
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Lymphocytes
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seen in leukemia, mono, viral infections, Chrohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis
Low levels seen in chemotherpay, aplastic anemia AIDS and renal failure |
