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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are blood components known as___________.
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formed elements
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The pH of the blood is usually about ___________.
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7.35 to 7.45
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The blood albumins are made by the liver ____________.
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liver
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The fluid portion of the blood is the _____________.
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plasma
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When the blood-clotting proteins are removed from the plasma, the plasma is then known as _____________.
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serum
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Among the major ions transported by the blood are calcium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, and __________.
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sodium
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Those plasma proteins that contribute to the viscosity of the blood and are partly responsible for maintaining the constant pH of the blood are known as ______________.
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albumin proteins
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The antibodies belong to a major group of plasma proteins called ____________.
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globulin proteins
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Approximately 7 percent of the plasma protein consists of a liver blood-clotting protein known as _____________.
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fibrinogen
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The plasma proteins encourage the movement of water from the tissue fluids into the bloodstream, and this movement of water is known as ______________.
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osmosis
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The major pigment that transports oxygen within red blood cells is ___________.
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hemoglobin
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Red blood cells are also known as ____________.
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erythrocytes
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The number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter in an adult male is approximately ________________.
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5.8 million
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The number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter in an adult female is ____________.
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4.8 million
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The shape of a red blood cell is that of a (n) ____________.
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biconcave disk
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When a red blood cell shrinks in solutions that contain excessive solutes, the process is _____________.
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crenation
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When red blood cells swell and burst in solutionhs that contain low concentrations of solutes, the process is ___________.
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hemolysis
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Red blood cells are formed in the bone marrow through a process known as ____________.
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erythropoiesis
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When mature, the red blood cells enter the ody capillaries from the bone marrow by squeezing through the walls of the capillaries in a process that is called ____________.
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diapedesis
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The two polypeptide chains of the hemoglobin molecule are known as _______________.
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alpha and beta chains
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The iron-containing group of the hemoglobin molecule that binds to oxygen molecules is known as the ____________.
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heme group
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When oxygen is bound to the hemoglobin molecule, the hemoglobin molecule is known as ______________.
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oxyhemoglobin
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When carbon dioxide is bound to the hemoglobin molecule, the hemoglobin molecule is known as ______________.
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carboxyhemoglobin
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The main portion of carbon dioxide is transported through the plasma dissolved as ________________.
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bicarbonate ions
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Red blood cells circulate in the human bloodstream for approximately ____________.
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120 days
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After breakdown, the hemoglobin pigment of red blood cells is eventually converted to a bile pigment known as _______________.
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bilirubin
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The production of red blood cells is regulated by a hormone known as _________.
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erythropoietin
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A lack of vitamin B12 may result in a condition known as _____________.
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pernicious anemia
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Such things as X-rays and drugs may prevcent the production of red blood cells, a condition called _____________.
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aplastic anemia
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A genetic defect that encodes hemoglobin may lead to crystallization of the hemoglobin and a deformity of the red blood cells to a C-shape. This is the disease known as _____________.
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sickle cell anemia
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When the body fails to synthesize one or more of the polypeptide chains of hemoglobin, the condition that results is called __________.
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thalassemia
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An alternative name for wite blood cells is ____________.
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leukocytes
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A normal adult has a white blood cell count per cubic millimeter that numbers about ______________.
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7000
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The white blood cells develop within the ____________.
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red bone marrow
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Neutrophils and basophils are types of white blood cells known as ______________.
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granulocytes
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Lymphocytes and monocytes have no granules in their cytoplasm and are therefore known as ___________.
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agranulocytes
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The principal function of the neutrophil is ____________.
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phagocytosis
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The granules of the eosinophil stain with acidic dyes and appear _______________.
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red
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The percentage of the total white blood count that is basophils is the ___________.
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1 percent
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The lymphocytes are important cells of the body system known as the _____________.
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immune system
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When the monocytes enter the tissue environment, the y change into large, phagocytic cells called ______________.
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macrophages
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Antibodies are produced by white blood cells known as ___________.
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lymphocytes
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A general reduction of white blood cells in the body is reffered to as _____________.
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leukopenia
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Blood platelets are produced in the bone marrow by large cells called ______________.
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megakaryocytes
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A mass of platelets and collagen fibers that patch a hole in a blood vessel is known as a(n) ___________.
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platelet plug
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In the intrinsic pathway, an important factor that initiates the chemical pathway is called Factor ____________.
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XII
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In the extrinsic pathway, substances from damaged blood vessels release an activating substance called ______________.
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thromboplastin
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The substance thrombin is responsible for activating the conversion of fibrinogen to _______________.
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fibrin
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The accumulation of cholesterol substances within the inner wall of a blood vessel encourages a condition called _____________.
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atherosclerosis
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A condition in which a blood clot moves from one part of the body to another is known as a(n) ______________.
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embolism
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