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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many liters of blood does the adult human body contain? |
5 liters: The adult human body contains approximately 5 liters, or 5.3 quarts, of blood. That makes up 7 to 8 percent of a person's body weight. |
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How long does a red blood cell survive in the bloodstream? |
120 days: Red blood cells last an average of 120 days in the bloodstream. As these cells age, they're removed by microphages in the liver and spleen. |
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What is hemoglobin? |
A molecule specially designed to hold oxygen and carry it to cells that need it: Hemoglobin is a protein that carries the oxygen throughout the body. |
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What is a hematocrit? |
The measure of red blood cells in the blood: The percentage of blood made up of red blood cells is a frequently measured number known as the hematocrit. The ratio of cells in normal blood is 600 red blood cells for each white blood cell and 40 platelets. |
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How does blood get its red color? |
From the iron in hemoglobin: The iron in hemoglobin gives blood its red color. Each molecule of hemoglobin contains four iron atoms, and each iron atom can bind with one molecule of oxygen. |
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What is the function of white blood cells? |
To fight infection: White blood cells help to fight infection. |
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What does it mean when there's an increase of white blood cells in the body? |
There's an infection somewhere in the body: When the number of white blood cells in a person's blood increases, this is a sign of an infection somewhere in the body. In a normal adult body there are 4,000 to 10,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood. |
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There are six main types of white blood cells in the blood. Which type is the most common? |
Neutrophils: Neutrophils, which kill bacteria by ingesting them, make up 58 percent of a person's white blood cell count. The other five main types of white blood cells are eosinophils, basophils, bands, monocytes and lymphocytes. |
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What substance makes up the majority of plasma? |
Water: Plasma is 90 percent water. The other 10 percent dissolved into plasma are materials such as proteins, electrolytes, carbohydrates, cholesterol, hormones and vitamins. |
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If you are a universal donor, what blood type do you have? |
O: People with type O blood are universal donors, because anyone can get a type O blood transfusion. Type O blood has no antigen on the surface that could react with antibodies in the recipient's plasma, which causes a transfusion reaction. Someone with type AB blood is a universal recipient because this blood has no antibodies that could react with donated blood. |
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What are the two components that make up blood? |
Cells and plasma: Blood is a mixture of cells and plasma. |
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What is the function of platelets in the blood? |
Clotting: Platelets are used for clotting. |
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Where are blood cells produced? |
Bone marrow: All blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. |
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What is hematopoiesis? |
Production of blood: When the body produces blood, it is called hematopoiesis. |
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Which of the following helps to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the body? |
Red blood cells: Carbon dioxide is formed in red blood cells. It enters the blood and is brought to the lungs to be released as we breathe. |
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What is the name of the leftover fluid when plasma is clotted? |
Serum: When plasma is allowed to clot, the fluid left behind is called serum. |
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What type of blood has both A and B antigens? |
AB: When both A and B antigens are present, you have type AB blood. |
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How often can you donate blood? |
Every eight weeks: Blood can be donated every eight weeks. |
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What is apheresis? |
Separation of components in the blood: Apherisis is the procedure used when it is necessary to remove a specific component of a donor’s blood. |
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Red blood cells make up what percentage of the elements in blood? |
90 percent: Red blood cells make up more than 90 percent of the elements in the blood. |
