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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do we call "stopping bleeding"?
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Hemostasis NOT CLOTTING!! Clotting is only one part of hemostasis
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What three processes are involved in hemostasis?
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Coagulation, blood vessel spasm, and platelet plug formation BE sure not to answer "muscle spasm" "platelet formation"
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What is the goal of coagulation?
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Formation of a stable fibrin clot
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The main function of blood is
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Transport
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The formula for calculation of blood volume is
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Blood volume in liters = .08 x Weight in kilograms
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John weighs 100 kgs. His blood volume is ?
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BV = .08 x 100 = 8 liters
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Blood is composed of what two kinds of tissue?
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Formed elements and unformed elements
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Formed elements include?
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Cells and parts of cells (Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets)
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What is unformed" elements in blood?"
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PLASMA – What's left in the blood after the RBC's WBC's and Platelets are removed
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How many different stem cells give rise to RBC's WBC's and Platelets
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ONE - RBC's, WBC's and Platelets all come from the same stem cell
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Define hematocrit
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The hematocrit is the percent of blood occupied by RBC's
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What is found in the "buffy coat"
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WBC's and Platelets. This is the small volume right on top of the RBC's. Don't mistake it for plasma!
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Which is the main cell found in blood?
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RBC's make up 99% of the formed elements
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RBC is a bag of
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Hemoglobin
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What shape is a RBC
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A biconcave disk. That makes for more surface area, so more O2 can diffuse into the RBC
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What cellular organelles are found in a RBC?
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No Nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum– it's a bag of hemoglobin
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Where are RBC's made?
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In adults, RBC's are made in the bone marrow
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How long is the life span of a RBC?
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120 days
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What stimulates the formation of RBC's?
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Erythropoietin (EPO)
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What makes Erythropoietin?
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The kidney
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What does the kidney measure to regulate EPO release?
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The oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
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What happens to old RBC's?
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The are destroyed in the spleen, and the contents recycled.
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What is the structure of hemoglobin
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Four protein chains, each with a HEME group. Each HEME group has an iron atom. The O2 binds to the iron atom.
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What are the nutritional requirements for hemoglobin production?
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Iron, Folic acid, and vitamin B12
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A normal hematocrit is ?
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Hct around 45%, 30% or less is quite low
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A normal hemoglobin concentration is?
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HGB Around 15gm%, 10gm% or less is quite low.
(gm% is grams in 100 ml of blood) |
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A normal WBC count is
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Between 5,000 and 10,000 cells/mm3
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What do platelets do?
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They are involved in hemostasis - "stopping bleeding"
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What is a normal platelet count?
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130,000 to 300,000 platelets / mm3
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How do platelets differ in structure from the other formed elements?
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Platelets are PARTS of cells.
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What cell gives rise to platelets?
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Megakaryocytes.
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Where are platelets made?
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In the bone marrow.
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