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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 general functions of blood |
transportation, regulation, protection |
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Blood is made up of 55% _______ and 45% ______ _________ . |
plasma, formed elements |
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Of the blood cells: 55% are _____ blood cells 0.5% are ______ blood cells 0.5% are _________ |
red, white, platelets |
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What is hematopoiesis? |
blood cell formation |
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What controls when more red and more white blood cells are made? |
controlled by negative feedback loops; regulated by number of RBCs and platelets in circulation, number of WBCs based on response to invading pathogens |
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Function of red blood cells |
transport oxygen through the blood |
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Scientific term for red blood cells |
Erythrocytes |
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Function of platelets |
needed for blood clotting |
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Scientific term for platelets |
Thrombocytes |
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General function of all white blood cells |
combat invaders by immune responses |
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Scientific term for white blood cells |
Leukocytes |
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Neutrophils |
first to site of infection; phagocytize bacteria |
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Monocytes |
take longer but arrive in large numbers; phagocytize bacteria |
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Basophils |
release histamine, heparin, and serotonin to inhibit blood clotting and increase allergic reactions |
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Eosiniphils |
kill parasites; rare in blood |
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Lymphocytes |
attack and kill viruses |
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What substances are transported in blood plasma? |
water, oxygen, hormones |
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What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells and what element in hemoglobin allows for this function? |
carry oxygen, iron |
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Antigens and antibodies present in Type A blood |
A antigen, Anti-B antibodies |
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Antigens and antibodies present in Type B blood |
B antigen, Anti-A antibodies |
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Antigens and antibodies present in Type AB blood |
A & B antigens, no antibodies |
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Antigens and antibodies present in Type O blood |
no antigens, Anti-A & Anti-B antibodies |
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Type O blood is considered the universal donor because the blood contains what? |
both A and B antigens in their blood plasma |
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Why is type AB blood considered the universal receptor? Why is type O blood considered the universal donor? |
AB blood contains both A and B antigens, O blood contains both Anti-A and Anti-B antigens |
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Main organ or the cardiovascular system that pumps blood is called what? |
Heart |
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What is the protective membrane surrounding the heart? |
Fibrous Pericardium |
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What is the pulmonary circuit and what side of the heart is involved with this circuit? |
brings blood to and from the lungs, right side |
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What is the systemic circuit and what side of the heart is involved with this circuit? |
brings blood to and from all body tissues, left side |
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What part of the heart separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle? |
septum |
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What is the function of the papillary muscles and chordae tendineae? |
muscles and tendons that hold the heart valves in place |
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The _______ and ______________ carry deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower body to the right atrium. |
superior and inferior vena cava |
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2 top chambers of the heart? 2 bottom chambers of the heart? |
right and left atrium- top right and left ventricles- bottom |
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The left atrium does what? |
receives blood from the lungs |
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Valve between right atrium and right ventricle? Valve between left atrium and left ventricle? These valves prevent ______ of blood into the atria. |
Tricuspid, Bicuspid, backflow |
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The ___________ semilunar valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary _______, which take blood to the ______ to pick up oxygen and drop off carbon dioxide. The ______ semilunar valve is between the left ventricle and _______, which takes blood to the rest of the body. |
Pulmonary, veins, lungs, aortic, aorta |
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Contraction of the right ventricle forces blood into the what? |
Pulmonary arteries |
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Which ventricle requires thicker, more muscular walls and why? |
left ventricle because the systemic circuit requires high resistance to blood flow |
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Correct order of blood flow through the heart- word bank: right atrium, pulmonary veins, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta, inferior/superior vena cava |
inferior.superior vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta |
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3 main types of blood vessels and their function |
Arteries- blood away from the heart veins- blood to the heart capillaries- exchange gases between blood and tissue cells |
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Put blood vessels in correct order- word bank: Blood leaves the heart, blood flows back to the heart, venules, capillaries, arteries, veins, arterioles |
blood leaves the heart, blood flows back to the heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins |
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What creates the "lub dub" sound of the heartbeat? |
closing of bicuspid and tricuspid valves, closing of the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves |
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cardiac cycle consists of the _____ and ______ of the heart. The two _____ (chambers) contract first followed by the two _____. |
contraction, relaxation, diastole, systolic |
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What is blood pressure? |
measurement of force that blood exerts against the inner walls of arteries |
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What is systolic pressure? |
peak of ventricular contraction |
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What is diastolic pressure? |
relaxation of ventricles |
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How is blood pressure written? |
systolic/diastolic |
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function of an electrocardiogram |
records the electrical activity of the heart |
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P wave QRS complex T wave |
atria contract, ventricles contract, ventricles relax |
