Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The main function of blood is
|
Transport
|
|
|
The formula for calculation of blood volume is
|
Blood volume in liters = .08 x Weight in kilograms
|
|
|
John weighs 100 kgs. His blood volume is ?
|
BV = .08 x 100 = 8 liters
|
|
|
Blood is composed of what two kinds of tissue?
|
Formed elements and unformed elements
|
|
|
Formed elements include?
|
Cells and parts of cells (Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets)
|
|
|
What is "unformed" elements in blood?
|
PLASMA - What's left in the blood after the RBC's WBC's and Platelets are removed. There are NO CELLS in plasma! (by definition)
|
|
|
How many different stem cells give rise to RBC's WBC's and Platelets
|
ONE RBC's, WBC's and Platelets all come from the same stem cell
|
|
|
Define hematocrit
|
The hematocrit is the percent of blood occupied by RBC's
|
|
|
Which is the main cell found in blood?
|
RBC's make up 99% of the formed elements
|
|
|
RBC is a bag of
|
Hemoglobin
|
|
|
What cellular organelles are found in a RBC?
|
No Nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum- it's a bag of hemoglobin
|
|
|
Where are RBC's made?
|
In adults, RBC's are made in the bone marrow
|
|
|
How long is the life span of a RBC?
|
120 days
|
|
|
What stimulates the formation of RBC's?
|
Erythropoietin (EPO)
|
|
|
What makes Erythropoietin?
|
The kidney
|
|
|
What does the kidney measure to regulate EPO release?
|
The oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
|
|
|
What happens to old RBC's?
|
The are destroyed in the spleen, and the contents recycled.
|
|
|
What is the structure of hemoglobin
|
Four protein chains, each with a HEME group. Each HEME group has an iron atom. The O2 binds to the iron atom.
|
|
|
What are the nutritional requirements for hemoglobin production?
|
Iron, Folic acid, and vitamin B12
|
|
|
A normal hematocrit is ?
|
around 45%, 30% or less is quite low
|
|
|
A normal hemoglobin concentration is?
|
Around 15%, 10% or less is quite low
|
|
|
A normal WBC count is
|
Between 5,000 and 10,000 cells/mm3
|
|
|
What controls WBC production?
|
Colony stimulating factor
|
|
|
What do we call a WBC count that includes measuring the different types of WBC's?
|
A differential count, or a "diff"
|
|
|
What are the three types of granulocyte WBC's?
|
neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
|
|
|
What does a neutrophil do?
|
Neutrophils are a first responder to infections!
|
|
|
What does an eosinophil do?
|
Eosinophils are parasite fighters, AND are involved with allergies.
|
|
|
What does a basophil do?
|
Basophils made heparin and histamine to provoke inflammation.
|
|
|
What are the two types of agranulocytes?
|
Lymphocytes and Monocytes
|
|
|
What do lymphocytes do?
|
There are TWO kinds. Both fight infections.
|
|
|
What does a B lymphocyte do?
|
It makes antibody.
|
|
|
What does a T lymphocyte do?
|
IT provides cell-mediated immunity. It KILLS cells.
|
|
|
What do monocytes do?
|
Monocytes become macrophages.
|
|
|
What do we call the process white blood cells use to get out of the capillaries?
|
Diapedesis
|
|
|
What is the word for the attraction of white blood cells to the site where they are needed?
|
Chemotaxis
|
|
|
What do platelets do?
|
They are involved in hemostasis "stopping bleeding"
|
|
|
What is a normal platelet count?
|
130,000 to 300,000 platelets / mm3
|
|
|
How do platelets differ in structure from the other formed elements?
|
Platelets are PARTS of cells.
|
|
|
What cell gives rise to platelets?
|
Megakaryocytes.
|
|
|
Where are platelets made?
|
In the bone marrow.
|
|
|
Where is albumin made?
|
Liver
|
|
|
What does albumin do?
|
Among other things, albumin provides the colloid osmotic pressure.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of colloid osmotic pressure?
|
It helps to keep fluid from leaking out of blood vessels.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of lipoprotein?
|
To carry fats.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of gamma globulins?
|
Gamma globulins provide our immune response (antibodies))
|
|
|
The function of the RBC is ? |
Carry oxygen |
|
|
The function of the WBC is? |
Defense against infections |
