Block Ix - Hangar Familiarization

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A. Overview (Ref b)

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Naval Aviation operates in a wide range of environments and conditions, however
the hangar is designed to provide an environmentally protected area to perform
maintenance on aircraft or store them away from the elements.

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hangars vary depending on the type of aircraft that they are intended for as well as the geographic area they are built in. There have been many studies conducted
as to the design and minimum requirements for hangars due to the high value of
military aircraft that are repaired and maintained in high bay hangars.
B. Shore Station Hangars (Ref b)

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There are three types of hangars used in Naval Aviation. The roof systems are
a column free front cantilevered roof structure.

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A Type I maintenance hangar

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is primarily designed for carrier aircraft, but is
adaptable to meet requirements for rotary wing and various types of smaller
aircraft. The 01 and 02 level spaces in this type of hangar are configured for a
typical strike fighter squadron, two carrier airborne early warning squadrons, or
a helicopter antisubmarine warfare squadron. The Type I hangar bay module is
235'wide by 85' deep.

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Type II hangar is primarily provided for

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US Marine Corps Aviation. The
hangar is designed to accommodate CH-53 Helicopters, V-22 Ospreys and C-130
Hercules aircraft. This type of hangar may also accommodate Navy versions of the
C-130, V-22 and H-53 aircraft. The Type II hangar bay module is 119 feet deep by
325 feet wide.

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Type III maintenance hangar

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is principally designed for land based patrol and
large transport aircraft. The Type III hangar module is 165 feet deep by 165
feet wide.

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There are peculiar items to the shore based hangars, some of the items you need
to be aware of are:
painted red fire

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A painted red fire lane adjacent to the bulkhead
that divides the hangar
from the maintenance workcenters must be kept clear at all times

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Portable C02 fire extinguishers

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mounted on the bulkhead above the deck

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Aircraft electrical system

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with cords for applying external electrical power
to aircraft.

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Manually or automatically

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operated hangar door for securing access to the
space and sealing off elements.

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Aircraft grounds

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that provide a 100hm or less point to ground and discharge
stray voltage are located on a pattern or grid through the hangar deck.

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c. Fire Protection Systems (Ref a)
Fire protection for aircraft stored inside of hangers becomes paramount when
assessing the value of the aircraft being stored compared to the value of the
building

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Aircraft stored inside can cost up to 10 times the value of the
building. When you look at the number of aircraft stored inside of hangars the
importance of protecting the aircraft becomes clear.

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The likelihood of a fire in
a hangar is due to the mixture of flammable HAZMAT, aircraft materials, and heat
producing devices installed in naval aircraft.

A low level AFFF system

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with low profile nozzles designed for a high degree
of reliability and low maintenance requirements

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A closed head water only overhead sprinkler system

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designed to protect the
building and provide cooling to adjacent aircraft.

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Optical detection system

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to activate the low level AFFF system.

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Appropriate drainage systems

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to limit any spill pool size and contain AFFF

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Draft curtains,

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to prevent cooling of the sprinkler heads, allowing earlier detection of heat sources.

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Training on the fire suppression system is necessary due to the impact false
activation of fire suppression systems causes such as loss of man-hours,
materials, readiness, and financial burden.

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These activations have been caused
by a multitude of sources to include: lightning, water hammers, accidental
releases, vandalism, roof leakage, and false activations.

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The Estimated cost for
a false activation would be in excess of $80,000 due to the following:

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Damage to aircraft
Cost to recharge the system
Cost of run-off retention
Cost of AFFF removal
Associated manpower expenses

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Shipboard Hangars (Ref a, c)

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Aircraft hangars are installed on aviation capable ships ranging from the LHD's
to the CVNs. These hangars serve as a maintenance area and storage area for the
aircraft that are not engaged in flight operations.

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The largest hangars are the

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CVN or aircraft carrier hangar bays; they are 110ft
wide by 685 feet long with 25 feet of overhead clearance encompassing 1.4 acres
of maintenance and storage space.

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The hangar bays can hold more than

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60 aircraft
as well as spare jet engine, fuel tanks, and other heavy equipment. These
hangars have divisional doors that can be closed in approximately 18 seconds and
isolate the hangar bays into three separate bays to prevent the spread of fire.
Hangar bay one and two have aircraft elevators on the starboard side and hangar
bay three has aircraft elevators mounted on both the port and starboard side for
moving aircraft, large support equipment, and essential supplies to the flight
deck.

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The hangar bays have AFFF fire protection installed in the

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overhead like their
shore counterparts. Located on the port and starboard bulkheads are the portable
fire extinguishing equipment, aircraft external power cables, high pressure air
connections, and various ship specific systems.