Bld 204 Exam 2 (Objectives Transplantation)

Front 1

MHC

state role of MHC in immune response

Back 1

-antigen presentation

-each indvid. allele can bind to variety of peptides

-class1

-class2

Front 2

MHC

3 major loci of Class I

Back 2

1. A

2. B

3. C

(two alleles from each parent,

3 loci x 2 alleles = 6

Front 3

MHC

which class is important for virus protection?

Back 3

class I

Front 4

MHC

MHC class I needs what to keep it in the

epithelium cell

Back 4

active protein synthesis

Front 5

MHC

Class I is _____

Class II is _____

Back 5

-endogenous: can help take care of intracellular organisms

-exogenous: will help with extracellular

organisms and long term immunity.

Front 6

MHC

3 major loci for class II

Back 6

1. DR

2. DQ

3. DP

Front 7

MHC

Class II process

Back 7

-exogenous proteins taken by endocytosis are fragmented by proteases in endosome

-aplha&beta chains of MHC class 2 synthesized in ER

-transported thru golgi, reach endosome, chain ingested, peptide fragments are associated MHC classII

-transported to cell surface

Front 8

MHC

Class I process

Back 8

-protein fragments in cystol by proteasomes

-change shape for protection

-fragments transported across membrane to ER (by TAP transporter ass. with Antigen present.)

-fragments procesed

-translocated to surface

Front 9

MHC

MHC class 1 are presenting antigens, foreign material, to...

Back 9

CD8 T-cells

Front 10

MHC

MHC class 2 are presenting antigens, foreign material to...

Back 10

CD4+ T-cells

Front 11

MHC

MHC class II -

if bind CD4+ T cell & interact with macrophage...

if bind CD4+ T cell & interact with B cell...

Back 11

-cell get phagocytosize

-make antibodies

Front 12

MHC

MHC class I -

if presents antigen with CD8 T cell...

Back 12

if MHC 1 is presenting an antigen (something bad) then the T-cell will recognize it as bad, like a virus and then go and kill it.

Front 13

MHC

role of MHC in transplantation

Back 13

-major barrier

-dominant group of antigen governing rejection antigens

-matching at different degrees:

high-bone marrow, low-solid organs

Front 14

histocompatibility laboratory

Back 14

-typing HLA (human leukocyte antigen) genes

-serological: Antibody/Antigen interactions

between donor & recipient (classI)

-moleculare: differences DNA of HLA genes

-cellular testing: mixed lyphocyte culture (classII) (+ reaction: proliferation, cell mediated toxicity, cytokine production)

Front 15

2 types of rejection episodes:

Back 15

1. cell mediated: granuloma formation

cells involved

2. humoral: antibody production antibodies react with donor cells

Front 16

transplant rejection

hyperactive

Back 16

-minutes to hours

-result of ABO incompatible

-complement activated

(organs turn black due to clots and

decrease blood flow)

Front 17

transplant rejection

acute

Back 17

-early (7-10days): antibody mediated cell

response mediated by t cells and destructon of renal tubules, also fibrinoid necrosis

-late (11days-6wks): due to immunosuppresses drugs controlling t cell response but not

antibody production

Front 18

transplant rejection

chronic

Back 18

-months to years post transplant

-antibodies bind to HLA on endothelium

Front 19

HLA matching

solid organs:

bone marrow transplants:

Back 19

-low resolution

-high resolution

Front 20

HLA matching

solid organs -

kidneys:

bone marrow:

Back 20

-6 antigen match

-10 antigen match

Front 21

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

results in

Back 21

rejection

Front 22

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

what kind of transplants mainly?

Back 22

bone marrow

-hematopoietic stem cell transplants

-lymphocyte rich organs or non irradiated blood

Front 23

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

both CD4+ and CD8+ Ts respond to recipient tissues as...

Back 23

foreigns

Front 24

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

results in...

Back 24

inflammation and cell death

Front 25

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

acute

Back 25

-days to week

-epithelial cell necrosis in liver, skin and gut

-symptoms: jaundice, bloody diarrhea,

cutaneous rash

Front 26

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

chronic

Back 26

-can follow acute or just appear

-skin lesions and autoimmune like symptoms

Front 27

HLA matching

immunosuppressive drugs

Back 27

-azathioprine (t cell mediated)

-cyclosporin A (inhibits clonal ctl expansions)

-tacrolimus (t helper lymphokine production)

-rapamycin (IL2 receptor interference)

-biologics (monoclonal antibodies against T helpers, mono. anti. & lymphokines toxins that target t cells)