Biotech Test 2 Set 2

Front 1

Tenecteplase difference from alteplase (in structure) (3)

Back 1

a)Asp117 to glutamine (removes mannose)
b)Thr103 by asparagine (puts on an oligosaccharide)
c)tetraalanine put in to increase fibrin specificity

Front 2

Tenecteplase activity vs alteplase activity (3)

Back 2

1)10-14x more fibrin specific = decr bleeding
2)80x more resistant to endogenous inactivator
3)8x slower clearance

Front 3

Clinical use of tenecteplase and dosage (2)

Back 3

1)reduce AMI mortality ONLY
2)30mg to 50mg

Front 4

Lanoteplase difference from alteplase (3)

Back 4

1)missing finger domain and growth factor domain
2)Asp117 to glutamine provides reduced clearance
3)37 +/- 11min half-life

Front 5

Lanoteplase production/administration (2)

Back 5

1)produced in CHO cells
2)administered over 2-4minutes as IV bolus

Front 6

Lanoteplase is more fibrin-specific than... (2)

Back 6

1)streptokinase
2)urokinase

Front 7

Hemophilia
a)type of disease
b)classified as...(2)

Back 7

a)group of genetic life-long bleeding disorders
b)type a (classical hemophilia)
type b (christmas disease)

Front 8

Classical hemophilia (type a) (3)

Back 8

a)hereditary
b)deficiency of clotting factor 8
c)x-linked (not in females)

Front 9

Other name of clotting factor 8

Back 9

antihemophiliac factor (AHF)

Front 10

Christmas Disease (type b) (3)

Back 10

a)deficiency of factor 9
b)x-linked
c)genetic

Front 11

Factor 9 aka... (3)

Back 11

a)vitamin K-dependent clotting factor
b)binds to factor8-lipid complex and activates it
c)essential step in the coagulation cascade

Front 12

Degrees of hemophilia and are defined by...(3)

Back 12

1)severe
2)moderate
3)mild

defined by amount of clotting factor

Front 13

Treatment of Type A hemophilia (2)

Back 13

1)replace factor 8 for prophylaxis or acute bleeding episodes
2)by recombinant products or from plasma-derived factor 8

Front 14

% of hemophiliacs that are type A/B

Back 14

A-85%
B-15%

Front 15

Treatment of Type B

Back 15

admin factor 9 from recombinant DNA or plasma derived

Front 16

2 types of coagulation pathways

Back 16

1)intrinsic
2)extrinsic

Front 17

What is specific to the extrinsic pathway

Back 17

1)tissue factor is induced by tissue damage and it activates factor 7

Front 18

What is specific to the intrinsic pathway

Back 18

factor 7a activates factor 9

Front 19

Intrinsic coagulation pathway (4)

Back 19

1)after factor 9 is activated by factor 7a..
2)factor 10 is activated by 9a,8a,calcium and phospholipids
3)10a,Va,calcium and phospholipids produce thrombin from prothrombin
4)thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin

Front 20

Extrinsic coagulation pathway (5)

Back 20

1)tissue factor is induced by tissue damage
2)TF activates factor 7
3)7a activates factor 10
4)10a,Va,calcium and phospholipids produce thrombin from prothrombin
5)thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin

Front 21

Thrombin's substrate is...

Back 21

fibrinogen

Front 22

____ and ___ form clots

Back 22

fibrin and platelets

Front 23

Recombinant factor 8 (AHF) production (3)

Back 23

1)glycoprotien produced from cDNA
2)use CHO cells
3)highly purified and are microorganism free

Front 24

4 recombinant factor 8's are available (and source of each)

Back 24

1)recombinate (CHO)
2)bioclate (CHO)
3)helixate (CHO)
4)kogenate (BHK)

Front 25

Recombinant Coagulation Factor 9
a)brand name
b)indication
c)chemical structure (2)
d)production

Back 25

a)Benefix
b)bleeding in hemophilia B patients
c)glycoprotein, single chain protein
d)CHO cells using cDNA

Front 26

Recombinant Factor 9 (Benefix)
a)dosage form
b)administration

Back 26

a)lyophilized powder, stored @ 2-8C
b)inject IV over several minutes

Front 27

Recombinant Factor 7a
a)brand name
b)why made?
c)chemical structure
d)production

Back 27

a)Novoseven
b)alternative to patients w/ inhibitor development to recombinant factor 8
c)glycoprotein
d)BHK cells using cDNA

Front 28

Human DNaseI
a)brand names (2)
b)indications

Back 28

a)Dornase Alfa, Pulmozyme
b)CF

Front 29

Dornase Alfa fxn (2)

Back 29

a)the DNA of destroyed neutrophils makes lung mucus even thicker
b)Dornase degrades this DNA to reduce thickness of mucus

Front 30

Dornase Alfa
a)production
b)chemical structure

Back 30

a)uses CHO cells
b)glycoprotein

Front 31

Recombivax fxn

Back 31

HepB vaccine

Front 32

Superoxide Dismutase
a)fxn
b)clinical indications (3)

Back 32

a)scavenges/destroys free superoxide radicals
b)oxygen toxicity in premature infants; MI; stroke

Front 33

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGE)
b)clinical indications (2)

Back 33

1)for corneal/cataract surgeries
2)facilitates healing of surgery

Front 34

Cytokines properties (2)

Back 34

1)soluble glycoproteins
2)aid in communication b/w cells, primary immune cells and hematological cells

Front 35

Glycoproteins require/do (5)

Back 35

1)receptor binding onto specific membrane receptors
2)elicit cellular responses such as:
3)signal transduction
4)turn on genes
5)hematopoietic growth factors

Front 36

Fxn of hematopoietic growth factors (3)

Back 36

Influence the maturation, differentiation and proliferation of circulating cells found in the blood

Front 37

Interferons
a)secreted by...
b)potential fxns (3)

Back 37

a)leukocytes
b)antiviral
b)anticancer
b)biological response modifiers

Front 38

Biotherapy
a)is different from standard chemotherapy using small chemical drugs via..
b)enhances..

Back 38

a)act indirectly; don't act right @ site of problem
b)enhance normal immune interaxns w/ cells in specific or nonspecific fashion

Front 39

Interferons are considered as ____ but chemotherapeutic agents...

Back 39

immune modulators

interact directly w/ cancer cells

Front 40

Mechanism of interferons

Back 40

bind to receptors of neighboring cells to activate genes to produce proteins that interfere w/ translation of viral mRNA

Front 41

Interferon also activates ___ which... 11

Back 41

Protein kinase

transfer phosphate from ATP to an initiative factor (IF) required for protein synthesis making it not fxn properly

Front 42

Interferon also activates ____ which... 22

Back 42

Oligonucleotide polymerase

synthesizes adenine trinucleotide which activates an endonuclease to cleave mRNA to stop viral protein synthesis

Front 43

Interferon acts...

Back 43

INDIRECTLY

Front 44

Why did we need recombinant methods of producing interferons? (3)

Back 44

1)had to be extracted from white blood cells
2)HIGHLY EXPENSIVE to do this
3)could get an ounce of them from 630,000 gallons of plasma

Front 45

Other fxns of interferons? (3)

Back 45

a)enhance T-cell activity
b)activates macrophages
c)incr axn of NK cells

Front 46

3 types of interferons (available commercially)

Back 46

a)alpha interferon
b)beta interferon
c)gamma interferon

Front 47

Beta interferon source

Back 47

secreted by fibroblasts induced by viruses or synthetic oligonucleotides

Front 48

Recombinant Interferon Alfacon-1
a)brand name
b)produced by...
c)synthetic version of...
d)alternate name and why?

Back 48

a)Infergen
b)E. coli
c)interferon alpha
d)consensus interferon b/c uses common AAs from many interferons

Front 49

Clinical use of Interferon alfacon-1

Back 49

prolong life of ppl w/ HepC

Front 50

Recombinant interferon gamma-1b
a)brand name
b)produced by...(and sig of this)

Back 50

a)Actimune
b)E.coli (is naturally a glycosylated protein but doesn't need the glycosylation for activity)

Front 51

Human Interferon Gamma-1b
a)use
b)desc of the disease (2)

Back 51

a)chronic granulomatus disease
b1)autoimmune disease that affects the lungs
b2)ppl w/ CGD have a lower capacity to perform phagocytic oxidation metabolism

Front 52

Human Interferon Gamma-1b mechanism for management of CGD (2)

Back 52

1)activate phagocytes involved in host defense
2)enhance production of reactive oxygen radicals within phagocytes

Front 53

Genetic basis CGD (3)

Back 53

1)x-linked
2)autosomal disorder of phagocytic oxygen metabolite generating system
3)leaves patients susceptible to severe infexns

Front 54

Human Interferon Gamma-1b does what for CGD pts..

Back 54

extend time they spend w/o being hospitalized for infexns

Front 55

Human interleukins are involved in... (2)

Back 55

1)immune cell communication
2)soluble messengers b/w leukocytes

Front 56

IL2
a)production
b)category it is in
c)fxn

Back 56

a)synthesized and secreted by T-cells
b)lymphokine
c)stimulate the growth, differentiation, and activation of T-cells, B-cells and NK cells

Front 57

IL2 chemical structure

Back 57

1)O-glycosylated
2)disulfide bond b/w cys 58/105 that is essential for activity

Front 58

Recombinant IL2
a)generic name
b)brand name
c)indication (3)
d)production by...

Back 58

a)Aldesleukin
b)Proleukin
c)metastatic renal/melanoma cancer, breast cancer
d)E. coli

Front 59

Recombinant IL2 differs from native IL2 by... (3)

Back 59

1)no glycosylation
2)lack of N-terminal alanine @ position 1 (incr stability)
3)replacement of cysteine w/ serine @ 125 (incr stability)

Front 60

Recombinant IL2
a)dosage form
b)administration
c)SEs (4)

Back 60

a)lyophilized powder w/ mannitol
b)IV infusion
c)very toxic, shaking, chills, so need careful monitoring

Front 61

Indication differences b/w interferon alpha 2a and 2b (3)

Back 61

2b is indicated for everything 2a is but 2b is also indicated for:
1)genital warts
2)HepB

Front 62

Most toxic cytokine

Back 62

IL2

Front 63

Rosenberg's method of treating cancer (4)

Back 63

1)Put patients lympocytes & IL2 & cancerous cells in a test tube
2)This produces LAK cells (lymphocyte activated killer cells)
3)incubate these for a month to get TILs (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes)
4)TILs are 50-100x more powerful than LAK cells

Front 64

Primary site of damage of RA (2)

Back 64

1)junction of synovium lining (inflammes area of synovial fluid)
2)this area is called the pannus which has high levels of macrophages via TNFalpha

Front 65

Big target of RA treatment

Back 65

REMOVE TNFalpha

Front 66

Gamma interferon
a)also called
b)source

Back 66

a)immune interferon or lymphokine b/c only secreted by lymphocytes
b)secreted by lymphocytes (CD4/CD8) and NK cells

Front 67

Recombinant Interferon alpha-2a
a)brand name
b)produced by...
c)chemical structure (2)

Back 67

a)Rofereron-A
b)E. coli
c1)non-glycoslyated protein that is still biologically active
c2)lysine @ 23 to stabilize product

Front 68

Recombinant Interferon alpha-2b
a)brand name
b)produced by...
c)chemical structure (3)

Back 68

a)Intron A
b)E. coli
c1)nonglycoslyated protein
c2)Arginine @ 23 to stabilize

Front 69

Recombinant Interferon Beta-1b
a)brand name
b)produced by...
c)chemical structure

Back 69

a)Betaseron
b)E. coli
c1)serine sub'd for cysteine @ 17
c2)glycosylated

Front 70

Natural Interferon Beta-1b source

Back 70

human fibroblasts

Front 71

Betaseron is inducated for...

Back 71

relapsing MS

Front 72

Mechanism of MS

Back 72

autoimmune disease that demyleinates neurons; can result in disablement

Front 73

Recombinant Interferon Beta-1a
a)produced where
b)it compared to human INF-B
c)brand name

Back 73

a)CHO/mammalian cells
b)IDENTICAL
c)Avenox