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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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heredity
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transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring
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genetics
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study of heredity
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monohybrid cross
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cross involving one pair of contrasting traits
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true-breeding
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displaying only one frm of a particular trait in an offspring
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P generation
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the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross
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F1 generation
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the first offspring froma cross of two varieties in the parental generation
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F2 generation
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the offspring from crosses among individuals of the F1 generation
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allele
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an alternative form of a gene
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dominant
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genetic trat that is expressed when its allele is homozygous or heterozygous
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recessive
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genetic trait that is not expressed when the contrasting form of the trait is present
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homozygous
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refers to an individual with two identical alleles for a trait
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heterozygous
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refers to anidvidual with two different allels for a trait
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genotype
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the genetic makeup of an organism as indicated by its set of alleles
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phenotype
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observable characteristics of an organism
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law of segregation
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first law of heredity stating that pais of alleles for a trait seperate when gametes are formed
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law of indenpendent assortmen
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second law of heredity stating that pairs of genes seperate independently of one another in meiosis
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punnett square
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diagram used by bioloists to predict the probable outcome of a genetic cross
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test cross
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a genetic cross of an indidivual whose phenotype is dominant but whose genotype is unknown, with a homozygous recessive individual
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probablity
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the likelyhood that a specific event will occur
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pedigree
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family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several generations
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sex-linked trait
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a trait that is determined by a gene found on the X chromosome
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